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专四语法专题复习:限定词(一)

名词属格(Genitive Noun):John’s,my friend’s 指示限定词(Demonstrative Determiner):this, that,these,those,such 关系限定词(Relative Determiner):whose which
疑问限定词( Interrogative Determiner ): what , which , whose
个别限定词有跨类现象,如such既属于前位限定 词,又可归入后位限定词。由于它只是在such a ...和 such an …这样的搭配中属于前位限定词,而在与其 他限定词(some,any,no,all,few,another, other,many,one,two等)搭配时,such则是后位 限定词,一律放在上述这些限定词的后面,如some such,any such,no such,few such,one such等,因 此把它归入后位限定词。
基数词(Cardinal Numeral)和序数词(Ordinal Number)
倍 数 词 ( Multiplicative Numeral ) 和 分 数 词 ( Fractional Numeral) 量词(Quantifier):a lot of,lots of,plenty of,a great/ good deal of , a large / small amount / quantity of , a great/large/good number of等。
b) 前位限定词包括 all,both,half; double,twice,three times等; one-third,two-fifths等; what,such (a/ an) (跨类限定词)。
c)后位限定词包括 one,two,three等; first,second,third等;next,last,other,another等;many, much,(a) few,(a) little,fewer,(the) fewest,less,(the) least,more,most;several等; plenty of,a lot of,lots of,a great/large/good number of,a great/ good deal of,a large/ small amount of;such等。
(5)能与单、复数名词搭配的限定词
有些限定词如the first,the second,the last,the next等既可 与单数名词搭配,也可与复数名词搭配。例如: the first rose the last men the first roses the last man the next meeting the next meetings
every student an apple many a book
either book one copy such a book
(3)只能与复数名词搭配的限定词
有些限定词如both,two,three,another two/three,many ,(a) few,several,these,those,a (great) number of等只能与复 数名词搭配。例如: both workers (a) few words several students these/those books a number of essays two/three visitors many students another two students
不定限定 词 ( Indefinite Determiner ) : no , some , any , each , every , enough , either , neither , all , both , half , several,many,much,(a) few,(a) little,other,another
(2)只能与名词单数搭配的限定词
有 些 限 定 词 如 a(n) , one , another , each , every , either , neither,many a,such a等只能与单数名词搭配。例如:
each worker neither sentence another book
(2)三类限定词搭搭配关系
如果一个名词词组带有上述三类限定词,其搭配关系总是按照 “前位——中位——后位”的顺序排列。例如:
all the four teachers all your three books 前 中 后 前 中 后 all these last few days 前 中 后 后
如果只有上述两类限定词,其搭配关系仍按上述顺序。例如: half his lecture 前 中 those last few months 中 后 后
(6)能与单数名词和不可数名词搭配的限定词
有些限定词如this,that等能与单数名词和不可数名词搭配。 例如: this/that job this/that配的限定词
还有些限定词如a lot of,lots of,plenty of,enough,more, most,such,other等可与复数名词和不可数名词搭配。例如:
A traffic on the streets in February than in May? 1.Why is there__ A. less B. fewer C. few D. little 2. On account of the typhoon__ A shipment will arrive this week. A. neither B. all C. both D. these 3. Have you got __ B copies to go round? A. the other B. enough C. a little D. much 4. There’s __ C water in the bottle. A. few B. a number of C. plenty of D. any 5. There is __ C iron in this mine than in that one. A. much B. a great deal of C. less D. a lot of 6. He wrote __ B essays on Victorian novels in his class. A. the next B. the most C. the other D. the more B short stories in English. 7. He has published __ A. a great amount of B. a number of C. another D. many a 8. We had __ D rainfalls last summer. A. too much B. little C. a little D. only several C care would have prevented the accident. 9. __ A. Much B. Little C. A little D. A few 10. The students spent __ D their time working in the fields. A. both B. most C. more D. half
a lot of books lots of chickens plenty of chairs enough copies more articles most people such men other men
a lot of money lots of food plenty of water enough coal more time most work such bread other bread
这一类限定词也可以包括 less 和 (the) least 。如前所述 , less 和 least 通常只与不可数名词搭配,但在现代英语的非正式语 体中,间或也可与复数名词搭配。例如: Less and less people can afford to go abroad for their holidays. Political programmes on TV attract the least viewers.
several hundred guests 后 后 such a misfortune 前 中
all other students 前 后 some such alloy 中 后
有上述诸例可以看出,中位限定词和前位限定词之间是相互排 斥的,即一个名词中心词之前不可并用两个中位限定词或两个前位 限定词。所以,“我的那本书”不是 my that book 而是 that book of mine ,因为 my 和 that 同是中位限定词,不可并列。但后位限 定词的使用却不受此限制。例如: his 中 two 后 last two books 后 后 more sheets 后 the first two chapters 中 后 后
(4)只能与不可数名词搭配的限定词
有些限定词如a (little) bit of,a large amount of,a great deal of,(a) little,much,less,(the) least等只能与不可数名词 搭配。 a bit of water (a) little space a large amount of money less oil much noise (the) least oil
中位限定词
• 1、定冠词和不定冠词: a (n),the,zero; • 2、物主限定词(物主代词和’s属格名词): my,your, Mary’s, my friend’s • 3、指示限定词: this,that,these,those • 4、不定数量词(some, few, no, any, every, each, either, neither, enough); • 5、疑问限定词和关系限定词: what (ever), which (ever),whose
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