一、高中英语任务型阅读1．请认真阅读下列短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。

Decoding the young brainThere was a funny experiment to see how a young child would answer a specific question compared to an adult. After the adult had spent some time speaking with the child, he asked the child, “What do you think about me？” The child answered, “You talk too much.” When the adult performed the same experiment with another adult, the reply to the same question was, “I think you're a very interesting person.” Even if the adult f elt the same way as the child, his brain allowed him to take a moment，consider the question, and come up with an answer. He could have been annoyed, but his answer didn't reflect it because he was being polite.The secret lies in the science of the developing brain. The child's honest answer was reflected in the fact that his brain wasn't equipped to filter(过滤) information before answering the question. As a result, he was honest, but he said something that may have been hurtful. However, the child did not intentionally hurt the adult; it's just the way his brain works. As a child grows into adolescence and then into adulthood, that changes.The human brain is made up of billions of neurons(神经元). In order for our body to execute a command, like getting up from a chair and walking to the other room, the neurons in the brain have to communicate with each other. They also help us employ our senses like taste and touch and help us remember things.When the neurons send messages, perhaps one sensation(感觉) the person feels is excitement about eating a cookie because it is so delicious. Later, if that person smells a cookie or hears someone talking about a cookie, it can spark the electrical signals that call up the memory of eating the delicious cookie. In an adult, he or she may remember that eating too many cookies can have consequences, like weight gain. But because the younger brain is more impulsive(冲动的), the desire to feel the pleasure of the sweet treat outweighs the consequences.That is becau se when a child is young, his brain is “wired” in such a way that he seeks pleasure and is more willing to take risks than an adult. This affects his decision-making process and it is why younger people tend to be more impulsive. Sometimes parents have to tell their children over and over again before the child remembers that something is dangerous or risky. How many times have we heard a parent say, “I tell her this all the time, but she never listens！”To conclude, what we know about the young brain is that children are more likely than adults to be impulsive. It isn't always necessarily because they are being naughty; it may very well be because of their brains. So the next time you ask a child what he really thinks of you, be prepared for any kind of answer.dangerous；stronger/greater；necessarily【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，说明了小孩子说一些伤人的、冒犯性的语言并不是故意为之，而是因为儿童的大脑还没有发育完全，不具备在回答问题前过滤信息的功能导致的。

（1）考查信息归纳的能力。

根据第一段“‘What do you think about me？’ The child answered, ‘You talk too much.’”可知，对于提出的问题，孩子的回答总是答非所问，脱离话题。

故填off“脱离；离开”。

（2）考查信息归纳的能力。

根据第一段中的“his brain allowed him to take a moment，consider the question, and come up with an answer”可知孩子得出答案前总是会考虑再三。

且实验已经发生在过去，故填一般过去时thought。

（3）考查信息归纳的能力。

第一段通过实验引出后文中分析造成这种现象的原因，故填phenomenon。

（4）考查信息归纳的能力。

根据第二段“As a result, he was honest, but he said something that may have been hurtful. However, the child did not intentionally hurt the adult;”可知虽然孩子会说一些伤人的话，但是他们并不是有意的。

故第四题填连词although/though“虽然；尽管”。

（5）考查信息归纳的能力。

根据第三段中的“The human brain is made up of billions ofneurons”可知数十亿的神经元组成了人类的大脑。

本句已经存在非谓语动词have，故make 做非谓语与逻辑主语构成主谓关系，故填making。

（6）考查信息归纳的能力。

根据第三段中的“They also help us employ our senses like taste and touch and help us re member things.”可知神经元通过味觉或者触觉帮助我们记住事物，故一个人可能会把饼干的味道和吃饼干的记忆联系起来。

故填associate。

（7）考查信息归纳的能力。

根据第五段中的“That is because when a child is young, his brain is ‘wired’ in such a way that he seeks pleasure and is more willing to take risks than an adult.”孩子的大脑就会以一种“连线”的方式来寻找快乐，并且比成年人更愿意冒险。

故可知一个年幼的孩子有一种寻求快乐和冒险的自然倾向，这是由他幼小的大脑决定的。

故填tendency“倾向；趋势”。

（8）考查信息归纳的能力。

根据第五段“Sometimes parents have to tell their children over and over again before the child remembers that something is dangerous or risky. How many times have we hea rd a parent say, “I tell her this all the time, but she never listens！”可知即使父母警告过多次，孩子还是会去尝试危险和冒险的食物。

故填dangerous。

（9）考查信息归纳的能力。

根据最后一段中的“what we know about the young brain is that children are more likely than adults to be impulsive.”可知成年人比小孩子控制冲动的能力更强、更好。