地塞米松对中性粒细胞性哮喘模型小鼠气道炎症的影响发表时间:2015-07-03T13:39:03.633Z 来源:《医药前沿》2015年第8期供稿作者:詹文杰[导读] 哮喘是最常见的慢性呼吸道疾病,其本质是多种细胞及细胞组分共同参与的慢性气道炎症。
詹文杰(广西医科大学广西南宁 530021)【摘要】目的:观察地塞米松对中性粒细胞性哮喘(neutrophilic asthma,NA)模型小鼠气道炎症的影响。
方法:C57BL雌性小鼠随机分成NA组、NA地塞米松干预(neutrophilic asthma treating with dexamethasone,NAD)组和正常(NC)组,每组8只。
NA、NAD组予卵蛋白、脂多糖致敏并卵蛋白激发;NAD组激发前腹腔注射地塞米松;NC组不做处理。
小鼠肺功能仪检测气道阻力,以阻力倍增值评价气道反应性;检测支气管肺泡灌洗液(bronchoalveolar lavage fluid,BALF)有核细胞浓度及分类比例;流式细胞术检测脾脏Th17细胞及ki-67+Th17细胞比例;ELISA检测BALF IL-17浓度。
结果(1)NA组气道阻力倍增值显著高于NC组(P<0.05)。
(2)NAD组BALF有核细胞浓度、NEU%、EOS%均显著低于NA组,但仍高于NC组(均P<0.05)。
(3)NAD组脾脏Th17细胞比例显著低于NA组,但仍高于NC 组(均P<0.05);NA、NAD组脾脏ki-67+Th17细胞比例均显著高于NC组(均P<0.05),但NA、NAD组间差异无统计学意义。
(4)NAD 组BALF IL-17浓度显著低于NA组,但仍高于NC组(均P<0.05)。
结论:地塞米松可能通过抑制Th17细胞及IL-17表达,减轻NA模型小鼠气道炎症;Th17细胞增殖功能增强且不受地塞米松影响可能与气道炎症持续存在有关。
【关键词】哮喘;中性粒细胞;气道炎症;地塞米松【中图分类号】R965 【文献标识码】A 【文章编号】2095-1752(2015)08-0345-03 Effect of dexamethasone on airway inflamation in the mouse model of neutrophilic asthma【Abstract】Objective To observe the effect of dexamethasone on airway inflammation in the mouse model of Neutrophilic Asthma.Methods Female C57BL mice were randomly divided into NA, NAD and NC group.NA、NAD mice were sensitized by ovalbumin OVA and LPS and challenged by OVA. NAD mice were treated with dexamethasone at beginning of each challenge.NC mice without treatment.Airway resistance were measured and fold increase were caculated as an assessment for AHR.Total white blood cell concentration and classification of proportion were determined in the BALF.Percentages of Th17 cells and Ki-67+Th17 cells in the spleen were determined by FCM.BALF IL-17 concentration were determined by ELISA. Results (1) Fold increase of airway resistance in the NA group were higher than that of the NC group (each P<0.05).(2)BALF total cell count, neutrophil and eosinophil percentages in the NAD group were lower than that of the NA group (each P<0.05), but were higher than that of the NC group(each P<0.05). (3) Th17 cell percentages in the spleen of the NAD group were lower than that of the NA group, but were higher than that of the NC group(each P<0.05). Ki-67+Th17 cells percentage in the spleen of the NA and NAD group were higher than that of the NC group(each P<0.05);Hoever,no difference were found in the NA group compared with that of the NAD group(4)BALF IL-17 concentration in the NAD group were lower than that of the NA group, but were higher than that of the NC group(each P<0.05). Conclusions Airway inflammation in the mouse model of NA were improved by dexamethasone via its inhibition on the exspression of Th17 cells.The enhanced function of Th17 cells proliferation not influenced by dexamethasone,may be responsible for the persistence of the inflammation.【Keywords】Asthma; Neutrophil;Airway inflammation; Dexamethasone哮喘是最常见的慢性呼吸道疾病,其本质是多种细胞及细胞组分共同参与的慢性气道炎症。
气道反应性增高、可逆性气流受限、气道黏液高分泌及不可逆性气道重塑是其特点。
糖皮质激素抗炎作用良好,被广泛用于治疗哮喘。
Schwartz等首先发现一组激素治疗不佳的患者,并率先提出哮喘“激素抵抗”的概念 [1]。
研究表明,哮喘存在嗜酸细胞性哮喘和非嗜酸细胞性哮喘两个亚型,非嗜酸细胞性哮喘中有超过半数为中性粒细胞性哮喘,表现为中性粒细胞浸润为主的气道炎症 [2]。
中性粒细胞性气道炎症被认为与哮喘发作、重症哮喘及激素抵抗均有关 [3-5],其机制仍在研究。
Th17细胞是能够分泌IL-17的辅助性T细胞亚群,IL-17可诱导多种靶细胞分泌相关细胞因子,趋化中性粒细胞局部浸润 [6]。
Th17细胞介导中性粒细胞局部浸润的作用可能与哮喘中性粒细胞性气道炎症的发生有关[7]。
Wilson等发现,气道炎症以中性粒细胞浸润为主的模型小鼠,存在着强烈的Th17细胞反应,提示Th17细胞可能介导该模型小鼠中性粒细胞性气道炎症的发生[8]。
McKinley等将Th17细胞灌输给小鼠并予OVA激发,小鼠气道中性粒细胞浸润明显,且不受地塞米松抑制,提示Th17细胞可能不仅介导中性粒细胞性气道炎症,还可能与激素抵抗有关[9]。
基于上述研究情况,本研究参照刘晓微等方法[10],建立中性粒细胞性哮喘小鼠模型,并予地塞米松作用,观察地塞米松对模型小鼠气道炎症的影响,并探讨Th17细胞的作用。
1.材料与方法1.1 实验对象及分组SPF级C57BL雌性小鼠,随机分入NA组、NAD组和NC组,每组8只。
1.2 主要试剂和器材脂多糖、卵蛋白,地塞米松磷酸钠注射液,Diff-Quik染液,FACS Calibur型流式细胞仪及抗体,ELISA 试剂盒,光学显微镜,细胞甩片机,雾化泵及喷雾器,小鼠肺功能仪等。
1.3 中性粒细胞性哮喘小鼠模型制备NA、NAD组小鼠均于第0、6、13天经气道滴入100μg 卵蛋白及0.1μg脂多糖致敏,共3次;于第21、22、23天,均雾化吸入1% 卵蛋白激发,每天1次,每次60min;NAD组小鼠每次激发开始前30min按1mg/kg经腹腔注射地塞米松。
1.4 标本收集及指标检测小鼠均于最后一次雾化结束后第24小时收集标本或检测指标。
1.4.1气道阻力检测小鼠予50mg/kg 1%戊巴比妥钠腹腔注射麻醉,气管插管,小鼠肺功能仪上依次雾化10ul倍增浓度乙酰甲胆碱(methacholine,Mch)并检测总气道阻力,以上机开始时的平稳阻力为基础阻力值R(baseline),以吸入乙酰甲胆碱后的最高值为各浓度激发时的阻力值R(response),以气道阻力倍增值(=[R(response)- R(baseline)]/R(baseline))评价气道反应性。
1.4.2 BALF收集及检测静脉留置针气管插管,0.5ml冷PBS反复灌洗支气管肺泡两次,回收BALF(回收率达80%)。
血球计数板上检测有核细胞浓度,适量BALF甩片后Diff-Quik染色,光镜下分类计数并计算分类比例。
1.4.3流式细胞术检测脾脏Th17细胞及ki-67+Th17细胞的比例取脾脏,制备脾脏单细胞悬液,PMA、离子霉素于培养箱(5%CO2,37℃)孵育刺激5小时,再经①细胞外染PerCP-Cy?5.5 Rat Anti-Mouse CD4、APC Rat Anti-Mouse CD8,②Fix/Perm Buffer细胞破膜,③细胞内染PE Rat Anti-Mouse IL-17A、FITC Mouse Anti-Human Ki-67,④1%多聚甲醛固定,流式细胞仪上机检测。
注:与NC组比较aP<0.05;与NAD组比较bP<0.05。
3.讨论哮喘是多种细胞及细胞组分共同参与的慢性气道炎症性疾病,气道反应性增高、可逆性气流受限、气道黏液高分泌和不可逆性气道重塑是其特点。