• • • • • • • •
② vt. 宠坏，惯坏，溺爱 Don’t spoil your children. 不能太惯孩子。 His parents spoiled the boy. spoil: 把东西的质量变得不好; 生活中不顺 心的事;宠坏, 溺爱 break: 打破; break the windows 打破玻璃 damage: 破坏, 程度不一定很重 destroy : 破坏, 彻底摧毁 以上三个是指物理上的破坏, 而spoil主要指 精神上的
• ② adj. 公开的，众人皆知的 • Their secret meeting was made public 20 years later. 他们的秘密会晤20年以后才被 公开。 • public house（酒吧）简称pub • public place 公共场所 • in public 公开的；in private 私下里的 • Let’s have a conversation in private. 让 我们私下谈谈? • Why not have a conversation in public? 为什么不公开谈呢?(当面说呢?)
• 参考译文： • 明信片总搅得我假日不得安宁. 去年夏天, 我去了意大利. 我参观了博物馆, 还去了公 园. 一位好客的服务员教了我几句意大利语, 之后还借给我一本书. 我读了几行, 但一个 字也不懂. 我每天都想着明信片的事. 假期 过得真快, 可我还没有给我的朋友们寄过一 张明信片. 到了最后一天, 我作出了一项重 大决定. 我早早起了床, 买来了37张明信片. 我在房间里关了整整一天. 然而竟连一张明 信片也没写成!
• ★museum n. 博物馆 • Palace Museum 故宫
★public
• • • •
adj. 公共的
★public adj. 公共的 ① adj. 公共的，公众的，社会的 There is a public library in this town. I always sit in public gardens on Sundays.
• 2、A friendly waiter taught me a few words of Italian. • Italian于Italy: 注意重读音的位置不同 • teach sb. sth. 教某人做某事 • He teaches our English.(错) • He teaches us English.(对)
★decision
n. 决定
• make /take a decision作出决定 • It was not easy for me to make/take this decision. • Are you made/taken a decision? • make a big/great decision (big：重大； great：伟大, 更重大) • decide v. 决定
• ★single adj. 唯一的, 单一的 • 反义词 : double 双倍的
• Postcards always spoil my holidays. Last summer, I went to Italy. I visited museums and sat in public gardens. A friendly waiter taught me a few words of Italian. Then he lent me a book. I read a few lines, but I did not understand a word. Everyday I thought about postcards. My holidays passed quickly, but I did not send cards to my friends. On the last day I made a big decision. I got up early and bought thirtyseven cards. I spent the whole day in my room, but I did not write a single card!
★waiter
n. 服务员, 招待员
• waiter(男服务员), waitress(女服务员), 只出 现在餐馆里 • chief waiter 领班 • I want to see the chief waiter. 我要见你 们的领班。 • shop assistant 商店里的店员 • attendant n. （其他公共场所的）服务员
★lend
v. 借给
• lend to（借出）：lend sth. to sb/lend sb. sth. • Can you lend me $20 please? I’ll pay/give it back tomorrow. • borrow from（借进）：borrow sth. from sb./borrow sth. （borrow不能用 borrow sb sth.） • He borrowed my pen yesterday. He hasn’t given me it yet.
【课文讲解】
• • • • • 1、Last summer, I went to Italy. last： ① adj. 上一个 last summer里的last表示 “上一个” ② adj. 最后一个，表示“最后一个”时要 加冠词the • the last day 最后一天 （具体到一天及一 天的早中晚都要用on）
• ③ n. 公众，群众，大众 • The public is/are pleased with his explanation. 公众对他的解释很满意。 • The museum is open to the public on Sunday.
• ★friendly adj. 友好的 • friendly是形容词，单独使用时一般做定语； 作为状语表示这个人做什么事情很友好, 用 短语in a friendly way • He is not very friendly to John. • She gave me a friendly greeting. • He always greets me in a friendly way. • 以-ly结尾的形容词还有lovely，brotherly， fatherly，manly，motherly
• 语言不可数, 所以要用a little Italian或a few words of Italian • I can speak a little English/a few words of English. • a few可与复数可数名词连用，表示肯定， 含有some，a small number of（一些，少 数几个）的意思。 • The police would like to ask him a few questions. 警察要问他一些问题。
4、I spent the whole day in my room, but I did not write a single card!
• spend与表示时间的词或短语连和时，意思为“花（时 间）”、“度过” • spend+时间+地点 : 在什么地点我花费/度过了多少时间 • I spend three hours in the sea. • I spend my weekend at my mother's. • I spend three hours in the classroom everyday. • I spend a lot of time in traffic jam.(交通堵塞) • spend还可以表示“花钱” • If we spend all the money, we’ll be poor again. • I can’t spend any more on this car.
• ★postcard n. 明信片 • 两个爆破音在一起，前者失去爆破音。这里 /t/和/k/前者失去爆破音 • name card /visiting card 名片 • Here is my name card. (口语常用, 同时伴 随着递出的动作) • ID card 身份证 （ID 身份） • credit card 信用卡 • cash card 现金卡, 储蓄卡, 工资卡(不能透 支的那种)
3、Everyday I thought about postcards.
• think about/of 考虑, 思考，指某一段时间一直在想/考虑 某事, think of还可指想到 • What do you think of? • What do you think of TV program last night? • What do you think of the weather today? 你觉得天气怎么 样? • think over 仔细考虑，反复思考 • What’s the weather like today? • cold, chilly（非常非常冷）, freeze • I'll freeze.我要冻僵了
★spoil(spoiled，spoilt) v. 使索然 无味, 损坏
• ① vt. 弄坏，损坏，糟蹋 • The sad news spoiled our weekend. 这 不幸的消息使我们没能过好周末。 • The rain spoiled the school sports. 这场 雨把学校运动会弄得一团糟。 • This spoiled my day. • What you said spoiled me. • His arrival spoiled my holiday.
★whole
adj. 整个的
• a whole bottle of milk 一整瓶牛奶 • the whole…，the whole day 整天 ，two whole weeks 整整两星期 • all th…，all the day (the可省略) 整天 • all of后面如果加代词, 代词前面不需要修饰 词；一旦要加名词, 前面一定要加the • all of us；all of the students