Stress Level Tied to Education Level1.Stress level is closely related to. social status.2.The1,031adults were interviewed. on a daily basis for 8 days.3.Which group reported the biggest number of stressful days? People with college degrees.4.The less advantaged people are, the greater. the impact of stress on their health is.5.Less-educated people report fewer days of stress possibly because. Stress is too common a factor in their life.Medical Journals1.The main readers of medical journals are. health professionals.2.Which of the following statements is NOT true? Most medical journals publish only online.3.How many major types of articls are mentioned in the passage? Five.4.An article dealing with results from different studies on the same topic is called. A research article.5.Letters to the editor enable readers of a medical journal to express comments on. Articles published in that journal.Need for Emphasis on Treatment1.Which is true of many AIDS sufferers in developing countries? They are not receiving any treatment.2.The WHO publishes its World Health Report. Once a year.3.According to Lee, our response to the AIDS disease is. A matter of great significance.4.AIDS treatment programs may also result in. more effective prevention.5.How many people have died of AIDS so far? More than 20 million.Heat and Health1.More than 600 people died from heat in Chicago. In 1995.2.What can piople learn from the Mean Heat Index? The average temperature of an extrem ely hot day.3.A heat wave is a period of time during which. The weather is much hotter than usual.4.Muscle pain in hot weather means that. Y our body needs more water.5.For people who are not in good health,heat can. Be deadly.Losing W eight1.The study showed that most of the girls. Had a healthy body weight.2.What percentage of the girls considered themselves overweight? Nearly 30 percent.3.The survey participants were girls. Who were 10 to 14.4.What kind of institution does the lead researcher work with? A hospital.5.Unhealthy attitudes about weight,body image and food may. Lead to an eating disorder.Pushbike Peril1.According to the passage, some engineers are trying to improve the handlebars because. they are not noble enough.2.In paragraph 2, the author mentions a study of serious abdominal iniuries. To tell us why Kristy Arbogast began the projict.3.Paragraph 3 mainly discusses. how serious injuries occur.4.The passage implies that. It is not easy to persuade manufacturers to adopt the new design.5.In which of the following ways the handgrip work? It reduces the dangerous forces in bicycle accidents.Aate-night Erinking1.The author mentions “pick-me-up”to indicate that. coffee is a stimulant.2.Which of the following tells us how caffeine affects sleep? Caffeine halves the body’s levels of sleep hormone.3.What does paragraph 3 mainly discuss? Different effects of caffeinated coffee and decaf on sleep.4.What does the experiment mentioned in paragraph 4 prove? Caffeine drinkers produce less sleep hormone.5.The author of this passage probably agrees that. we should not drink coffee after supper.Attitudes to AIDS Now1.What do activists worry about? People may stop worrying about AIDS.2.According to the passage, people’s attitude toward the cure of AIDS is. realistic.3.The Gallup Poll shows that the number of people. Who think AIDS is the country’s top health killer has fallen.4.According to the Kaiser Poll, which of the following is NOT correct? More and more people die of AIDS now.Ulcers1.According to the passage, which of the following is a very likely cause of ulcer in men? Smoking and stress.2.What factors contribute to over half the lcers? Environmental factors.3.In relation to ulcers, experts study twins in order to examine. The roles of both genetic and environmental factors.4.“E nvironmental effects”in the fourth paragraph refers to effects brought about by.smoking and stress in men and use of pain-killing medicine in women.5.The passage argues that. ulcers are chiefly related to lifestyle.Cigars Instead?1.According to the report, smoking three or four cigars a day. greatly increases the risk of more than one cancer for smokers.2.In the passage how many cancers are mentioned in relation to smoking cigars daily? Seven.3.What is the m ain idea of the article“Cigars:Health Effects and Trends”? When it com es to cancer, cigars are not any safer than cigarettes.4.What is the doctors’advice to those cigar-smokers? To give it up completely.5.In the context of this passage,“secondhand smoke”means. being near cigar smokers when they are smoking.Sleeplessness1.The word “insomnia”in the first paragraph means. having trouble falling or staying asleep.2.How many possible causes of sleeplessness are mentioned in the second paragraph? Six.3.The expression“second on the list”in the second paragraph means. the second most important cause of sleeplessness.4.C oncerning the use of sleeping pills, which of the following stastem ents is true?Sleeping pills should be used in a very small amount.5.Which of the followng does not fit with sleep hygiene? Making a rule to go to bed at a specific time every day.Common-cold Sense1.According to the essay, you may have a cold because. the weather is too cold.2.The best way to keep yourself from getting colds is. to keep yourself clean.3.Children have more colds because. they are not immune to many cold viruses yet.4.When you are having a cold. It is certainly not the same kend of cold that oyu had ladt time.5.When one is having a cold, he may often have all the following symptoms EXCEPT. Having s stomachache.Drug Reactions — a Major CAUSE OF Death1.Ressearchers at the University of Toronto believe that. ADRs have caused many deaths in America over the past 30 years.2.The investigators say that. 6.7% of all hospitalized patients in America experience ADRs each year on average.3.An American research estimates that the total sum of money spent in treating ADRs each year is as much as. ＄4,000,000,000.4.The Canadian investigators think that the ADRincidence figures from their research. are perhaps less than the real amount.5.According to Dr. David Bates, hospitals in America. are not paying enough attention to possibilities of ADR happenings.Dreams1.There are in general two opinions about what we experience in a dream: one,dreams prt new information into our memories,and two, dreams have real meanings in pictures different from our lonical thinking.2.According to this article,we. almost always see different “pictures”when we are dreaming.3.In your dreams, you. seldom feel fear now and joy later.4.This essay tells us that. people usually dream in REM sleep.5.Based on what is discussed in this writing, an adult may have at most about of the time of his or her sleep dreaming. 25%.Diabetes1.This writing is meant to tell people. what diabetes is.2.A person with diabetes may have had all the following signw EXCEPT. becoming fatter and fatter.3.Which of the following statements is TRUE? We find more persons with Type 2 diabetes amond adults than childen.4.When you have Type 2 diabetes, it is sometimes possible to find that. your father has diabetes too.5.A person with diabetes may find that. there is too much glucose in their blood.Sleep1.The question raised in Paragraph 1 is “no mere academic one”.because shift work in industry requires people to change their sleeping habits.your life is disturbed by changing from day to night routines and back.3.According to the passage, the best solution to the problem seems to be. To employ people who will always work at night.4.In the second paragraph, “the third”means. the third week.5.In the last sentence of the second paragraph, “another”means. another routine.Study Says Dogs Can Smell Cancer1.Where was the experiment conducted? In a hospital.2.What was the dogs’average success rate? 41%3.How many people took part in the experiment? 144 sick and healthy people.4.What happened to a person who had tested healthy before the study? He was found to have cancer.5.Which is NOT true of bladder cancer? It can be identified only by dogs.High Stress May Damage Memory1.The part of the brain important for a person’s learning and memory is. the hippocampus.2.When the levels of cortisol go higher, the hippocampus in the brain may. Become smaller.3.According to the article, when people feel too worried or nervous or when they overwork. the adrenal glands will prlducea stress hormone.4.It appears that when total volume of the hippocampus becomes smaller as a result of high blood levels of cortisol, other brain regions. May remain the same in size.5.The research conducted by Porter and Landfield shows that. changes in the levels of adrenal hormones ma affect brain aging.Adaptation of Living Things1.Some plants and animals develop superior characteristics so that they may. become better adapted to the environment sthan others of their kind.2.In the first paragraph, the word “environments”could best be replaced by. surroundings.3.It can be inferred from this passage that the feathers of a bird are colored. to match its environment.4.Which of the following is not directly mentioned in the passage? A living organism may adapt in its sleeping habit.5.The author cites the behavior of warm-blooded mammals in order to show that a living thing may have the ability.To create an environment of its own.FDA:Hunam,Animal W aste Threatens Produce1.“Food-borne diseases”in this essay means those diseases. which people get by eating fruits and vegetables which havebeen poluted.2.Some fruit grower groups believe that most food-borne diseases are caused by. people involved in distributing fresh produce.3.An FDA official said that prtting the gridelines into practice. would not be very expensive.4.Consumer groups criticized the FDA guidelines because they didn’t think that these guidelines. Would surely be carried out.5.The last paragraph suggests that. a good way should be found to encourage foreign growers to follow the FDA guidelines.Early or Later Day Care1.Which of the following statements would Bowlby support?The first three years of one’s life is extremely important to the later development of personality. 2.Which of the following is derivable from Bowlby’s work?Mothers should not send their children to day care centers before the age of three.3.It is suggested that modern societies differ from traditional societies in that.the parent-child relationship is more exclusive in modem societies.4.Which of the following statements is NOT an argument against Bowlby’s theory?Parents find the immediate effects of early day care difficult to deal with.5.Which of the following best expresses the wreter’s attitude towards early day care?The issue is controversial and its settlement calls for the use of statistics.Egypt Felled by Famine1.Why does the author mention “pyramid builders”? Because even they were unable to rescue their civilisation.2.Which of the following factors was ultimately responsible for the fall of the civilisation of ancient Egypt? Change of climate.4.According to Krom, Egypt’s Old Kingdom fell. immediately after a period of drought.5.The word “devastating”in the last paragraph could be best replaced by. “damaging”.After-birth Depression Blamed for W oman’s Suicide1.Which of the following is NOT a symptom of postpartum psychosis? Inflamed breast.2.It was considered fortunate by Stokes’mother in the miserable event. that Stokes had not taken her daughter with her.3.A patient suffering from“baby blues”may present briefly one or more of the following symptoms EXCETP.Having an intention of suicide.4.How many bearing women have experiences of after-birth depression? About one fifth of them.5.Who induced the most serious consequence among the postpartum depression patients mentioned in the passage?Judy Kirby of Indiandpoles.Controlling Growing TB Crisis in China1.At present in China the TB infection rate. in rural areas is nearly four times as high as that in urban areas.2.Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the passage as a factor making the rural TB burden heavier in China?Lack of sufficient pysical training.3.Which of the following is NOT a measure suggested by WHO that the Chinese government should take?Developing the rural economy so as to increase health budgets. 4.The anbitious of WHO in reducing the incidence of TB in the Western Pacific region is to.Reduce the incidence of TB by 50% in ten years in the region. 5.Among the total deaths caused by TB in the Western Pacific region, how many per cent do the deaths in C hina accou nt for? Over 50%Star Quality1.Which of the following was the final result of the pairs figure-skating event at the Winter Olympics in Salt Lake City?The Russian pair and the Canadian pair were each awarded a gold medal.2.According to the new rules proposed by the ISU. only some selected judges will score.3.What does Jerry Bingham express by saying “I remain to be convinced”? His doubt.4.Which of the following is NOT true of the scoring system for diving when it is compared with that for ice-skating? It is more biased.5.The attitude of those concerned in the UK to the new rules proposed by ISUcan be best edscribed as. indifferent.Obesity?the Scourge of the W estern W orld1.It is estimated that there are people suffering from obesity in the world. 250,000,000.2.It seems that the people are least affected by obesity among the developed countries and areas mentioned in the passage.Japanese3.Which of the following is most often accompanied by obesity? Diabetes.4.What is the correlation between body weight and beart disease and blood pressure?The more body weight one gains, the more risk of heart disease and high blood pressure he has.5.From the last paragraph we may infer that one of the effective measures suggested by Ludnik to prevent children from being obese would be. to tell them to spend less time watching TV.New Attempts to Eradicate AIDS Virus1.According to the passage, the attimpt to eradicate the AIDS virus. Continues to be hopeful.2.Which is NOT true about the study? 16 patients did not go through the whole study.3.What d o Ho’s words “Bear in mind that undetectable does not equal absent”mean? AIDS virus can exist in the blood without bieng detected.4.How could we prove that the drugs have wiped out the remaining viruses? By stopping the drugs to see if the virus comes back..5.Other scientists are looking at experiments that are similar in that they are. bold.Diseases of Agricultural Plants1.How many diseases are known to attack wheat? Around 402.According to this passage, which of the following would a plant disease result in if left unchecked? Social upheavals.3.What is the main idea of the second paragraph?Some plants have relateve immunity to a great many diseases,while others have a susceptibility to them.4.According to the passage, some plant diseases can be prevented by. inoculation.5.Which of the following statements is not true? Symptoms are always helpful in identifying diseases.Obesity1.What is obesity? Obesity is being too fat.2.If wi say that “fat is critical for good health,”wi mean that. fat is very important for people to keep healty.3.If a woman is 1.6m tall and weighs 49kg, she. should not be considerde unhealthy.4.A heavy man. may have muscle tissue that weighw more than fat.5.According to this article, fat people may be. Looked down upon by others.Silent and Deadly1.Which of the following is NOT true of ministrokes? The cause of them remains unidentified.2.To prevent ministrokes from turning into major strokes, it is important to. seek prompt medical treatment.3.The passage indicates that the symptoms of ministrokes. are frequently hard to recognize.4.All of the following may be signs of ministrokes EXCEPT for. severe headache caused by external injury.5.It can be inferred from the passage that ministrokes are. silent and deadly.Spacing in Animals1.Which of the following is the most appropriate definition of Flight Distance? Distance between an animal and its enemy before fleeing .2.If an animal’s critical distance is penetrated, it will. begin to attack.3.According to the passage, social distance refers to. psychological distance.4.Which of the following could best replace the word “band ”in “We can think of it ad a hiddin band that contains the group”(in Paragraph 3)? Strip of land.5.The example of the children holding hands when crossing the street in the last paragraph shows that.social distance is cometimes determined by outside factors.How Animals Keep W arm1.How does the dormouse defend itself against cold in winter? It sleeps continuously.2.What keeps animals alive during hibernation? The fat stored in their bodies.3.During hibernation, animals breathe. at a much slower rate.4.According to the passage, what is “migration”? moving from one place to another with the season.5.How do irmines survivve in winter? They stay in their burrows and live on the food stored there.In-line Skating and Injuries1.How many people took part in in-line skating in the US in 1995? Fewer than 17.7 million.2.Which of the following is NOT mentioned as one of the most common reasons for injuries?Skating with wrist and elbow wounds3.What are th ethings experts might NOT advise youngsters to wear? Boots and thick clothes.4.“Truck-surfign ”means. skatning while holding onto a moving truck.5.According to the last paragraph, bumping with a motor vehicle took up of th edeaths reported since 1992. over 80%.Eat to Live1.According to the passage, which of the following is NOT true? We have to begin dieting from childood.2.Why does the author mention an elderly mouse in paragraph 2? To illustrate the effect of meager food onmice.3.What can be inferred abou t completely normally fed mice mentioned in the passage? They are more likely to suffer from inflammation.4.According to the author, which of the following most interested the researchers? The mice that started dieting in old age.5.According to the last two paragraphs, Spindler believes that. dieting is not a good method to give us health and a long life.Single-parent Kids Do Best1. With which of the following statements would the arthor probably agree? Two-parent families produce less attractive children.2.According to the passage, in what way does family conflict affect the quality of the offspring ? The young males tet less care.3.What is the relationship between paragraph 4 and paragraph 5? Experiment and result.4.According to Hartley, which of the following is NOT influenced by sexual conflict? The offspring’sbody size.5.According to the passage, people believe that a female’sreproductive strategy is infuenced by. ecological factors.Chronic Diseases:the W orld’s Leading Killer1.How many people in developing countres are expected to die of chronic diseases by 2015? More than 304 million.2.Due to chronic diseases China will face. huge economic losses.3.Which can NOT be learned from the passage? Chronic disseases are killing more middle-aged people than elderly people.4.Until recently the main killers in Asia and the Pacific have been. infectious and parasitic diseases.5.Which is NOT mentioned as a way to prevent chronic-disease deaths? Timely medical treatment.Hypertension Drugs Found to Cut Risk of Stroke1.How many people surviving the first stroke may suffer another attack during the following five years? 20% of them.2.Taking two blood pressure-lowiring drugs may produce less risk of secondary strokes than taking only one such drug.about one fourteenth.3.Which of the following is NOT a symptom left by strokes? Habitual sleeplessness.4.How many strokes may be reduced in a year if most of stroke patients can be treated in the way as the article recommends ? 500,0005.What patients among those who have had a stroke will benefit greatly from taking blood pressure-lowering drugs? All of the above.Pregnancy Anomalies May Lower Breast Cancer Risk1.Which of the following may have NOTHING to do with a decline in breast cancer incidence?Experiencing serious morning sickness during the early period of pregnancy.2.According to the study, whaton earth may play an important role in lowering breast cancer risk?The changes in the levels of hormones and other substances in the mother’sbody.3.From the fifth paragraph we may infer that pregnant women whose blood pressure may have the least risk of breast cancer.Increases the most.4.Which of the following is NOT a function of the palacenta? Protecting the mother against breast cancer.5.It that Cohn is of finding out the exact mechanisms at work. confident.Pool W atch1.AI means the same as. artificial intelligence.2.What is required of AI software to save a life? It can distinguish between a wimmer and a shadow.3.How does Poseidon save a life? It alerts the lifeguard.4.Which of the following statements about Travor Baylis is NOT true? He runs.5.The word “considered”in paragraph 5 could be best replaced by. “rated”.Thirsty in Karachi1.According to the passage, people in Karachi today suffer from a short supply of water because.old networds can not meet the need of the city’s greatly-increased population.2.Now people in Karachi do not hide or disguise the suction pumps they use to steal water because.many households have them and there are very few inspectors around to try to find them.3.Confronted with a severe shortage of water supply, the city’s Water and Sewerage Board.tries to improve the water supply system with borrowed money.4.Which of the following in true of the owners of the suction pumps, if their neighbors have equally powerful pumps as they do?They only pay more for electricity.5.Which of the following is true abou t the author when he is back home in London? He is content with the water supply in London.Don’t Count on Dung1.The word “threatened”in the first sentence fo the first paragraph could be best replaced by. “endangered”.2.Why do researchers estimate elephant nu mbers in an area by counting dung piles? Because it is not possible to cou nt elephants from a plane.3.Piles of dung can’t be relied upon when it comes to estimating elephant numbers because. they are defferent in the rate of decay.4.When researchers carry out a dung-pile census, according to Plumptre, the area selected should be.so large that elephants can’t move in and out of it freey.5.All of the following are indirect evidence EXCEPT. trunks.More about Alzheimer’s Disease1.The newly developed skin tests may be used in the future to allow doctors to. Predict who might get Alzheimer’s disease.3.Which of the following statements abou t the A lzheimer’s disease is NOT true? There are many ways to deal with and cure the disease now.4.What is the relationship between Alzhimer’s and dementia? Dementia is one of the signs of Alzhimer’s.5.The last paragraph implies that the diagnostic test. may not be proven valid smoothly.Education of Strdents with Vision Impairments1.V arious adaptive aids are used to. help children see more clearly, read books and so on .rge-print books are those books which. Have large words in them.3.Many blind students prefer listening to books because. this can save eime.4.“Orientation and mobility training”is meant to teach blind and partially sighted children. how to move arou nd withou t other people’shelp.5.It may be good for children with vision imparments to live in special schools because these schools.can save them the trouble of coming from and going back to their homes.W ater Pollution1.According to this passage, which of the folowing tatements is true of yearly water. Most water is used for farming.2.Paragraph 2 suggests all of the following EXCEPT that. EPA is responsible for causing serious water pollrtion in America.3.Water runoff causes fish to die partly because. the fast-growing algae have used up the oxygen in the water where they live.4.An important idea of paragraph 4 is that. cutting down too mant trees may also cause water pollution.5.The main subject of the last paragraph is. The Increasing World Oil Production.DNA Fingerprinting1.According to the essay, we can find chromosomes. in a sheep.2.DNA fingerprintng is more often used for. providing evidence in court investigations.3.When your brother looks exactly like you, your complete DNA may be. exactly like his.4.Some people believe that using a DNA fingerprint may not be so reliable because.mistakes are possible when researchers explain the results of their tests.5.This essay talks about DNA fingerprinting concerning the following aspects EXCEPT.possible danger in drawing a DNA sample from the human body.Malnutrition1.What is the cause of much of the sickness and death? Malnutrition.2.What is the writer’s attitude toward the serious situation? We should act.3.How many countries have made plans of action for nutrition? 98.4.Which of the following is NOT the harm of lacking iron? Impaired intellectual development.5.Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a remedy for iron edficiency? Drinking coffee soon after meals.Phobia1.According to the passage, a phobic person has fear. even if he knows that his fear is unnecessary.2.All the following wymptoms may be experienced by a phobic EXCEPT. forgetting things.3.When faced with the object or situation they are afraid of , most phobics. Try to stay away from the object or situation.4.People suffering from agoraphobia may be afraid of. taking the bus in rush hours.5.Systematic desensitization and exposure therapy are similar ways of treating phobias. Because both are behavioral methods.IO-gene1.In the beginning of paragraph one we are told that scientists can not agree. How much of IQ comes from genes.2.What does “some”in the second sentence of paragraph one stands for? Genes.3.A gene for chopsticks flexibility is found t to be. unrelated to the ability to use chopsticks.4.Plomin’s IQ-gene study is similar to the chopsticks gene finding in that. there may not be a causal link between gene and intelligence.5.What does Feinberg mean by saing “I would take these findings with a whole box of salt”? He doubts the findings very much.A Gay Biologist1.The first paragraph mainly describes Hamer’s. looks, hobbies and character.2.Hamer was a. biologist.3.What is Hamer doing now? He is exploring the role of genes in deciding one’s personality.4.What happened to Hamer’s research interest? He turned to behavioral genetics.5.According to Hamer, what was one of the main reasons for him to choose homosexual behavior as his research subject?Mental Retardation1.The two major criteria for judging mental retardation are. levels of intelligence and daily living skills.2.A person of high intelligence will probably score. Above 110 on an IQ test.3.Which of the following is NOT true of mental retardation? It is not incurable.4.All the following factors may cause mental retardation EXCEPT. a healthy lifestyle before and after a woman’s pregnancy.5.The word “While”in the last sentence of the last but one paragraph can best be replaced by. “Although”.。