一、动词-ing形式作主语和宾语
考点一：
动词-ing形式的基本用法
动词-ing具有名词的性质，可在句中担当主语、宾语、标语、定语、宾语补足语和状语，
动词-ing形式作主语常用来表示经常性和习惯性的动作。

动词-ing形式作主语通常放在句首。

但不能单独做谓语。

考点二：
动词-ing做主语的用法：
1）动词-ing作主语时，往往表示习惯性、经常性的动作，在口语中也表示具体的动作。

如：
Paiting is his hobby.
2)动词-ing形式作主语和不定式作主语一样，也可以用it做形式主语，但不定式作主语往往表示具体的特别是将来的动作。

如：
It is no use talking without doing.
光说不做是没用的
It is so hot. what I want to do now is to have a swim in a river.天这么热，现在我想做的事情就是在河里游泳。

动词-ing形式作主语时，为了保持句子平衡，可以用it作形式主语。

常用的结构：
1. It is + no use / no good / useless etc.+ v-ing
2. It is + nice / good / interesting / a waste of…etc. + v-ing例如：
It is no use crying over spilt milk.事考点三：
动词-ing形式作宾语的用法
1.有些动词或动词短语常用动词-ing形式作宾语：
admit,avoid,appreciate,consider,enjoy,escape,finish,keep,mind, miss, suggest等动词; can’t stand, give up, feel like, keepon, think of, set about, dream of等短语。

避免错过少延期
建议完成多练习
喜欢想象禁不住
承认否定与嫉妒
逃避冒险xxxx
忍受保持不介意
考虑欣赏还愿意
2.在下列短语中，to是介词，后面应用动词-ing形式作宾语：
be / get us ed to, look forward to, devote…to, pay attention to,object to等。

3。

有些句子结构省略介词in，由doing做宾语
3.下列动词或短语既可以跟动词-ing形式作宾语，也可以跟不定式作宾语，但意义上有区别：
●like, love, prefer如表示经常性的行为后接动词-ing形式；如表示具体的行为常用动词不定式，但要注意：
如果like, love,prefer前有would，后面则接动词不定式。

如：
Would you liketo go shopping with me
●下列几组词接动词-ing形式作宾语和不定式作宾语含义不同：
forget doing忘记已做过某事；forget to do忘记要做某事rember doing记得做过某事；rember todo记住要做某事
mean doing意思是，意味着；mean to do打算做regret doing后悔做过某事;regret to do遗憾要做某事can’t help doing禁不住做；can’t help (to) do不能帮忙做。

●在allow, permit, forbid，advise，等动词后直接跟动词-ing形式作宾语，如果这些词后面有名词或代词作宾语，其后要用动词不定式作宾语补足语。

如：
We don’t allow smoking in the classroom.
We don’t allow students to smoke.
●动词need,require,want作“需要”解时，其后用动词-ing
的主动形式或不定式的被动形式作宾语，这时动词-ing的主动形式表被动意义。

如：
Your coat wants washing. = Your coat wants to be washed.
三、动词-ing的复合结构
动词-ing的复合结构即：
物主代词或名词所有格(作宾语时也可以用代词宾格或名词普通格) +动词-ing。

如：
Lucy’s turning up surprised everyone present.
Would you mind my / me using your mobile phone?
四、动词-ing的时态、语态以及否定形式动词-ing有一般式(doing)和完成式(having done)两种时态，一般式的被动语态是being done，完成式的被动语态是having been done。

动词-ing的完成式所表示的动作发生在谓语动词的动作之前。

动词-ing的否定形式是在doing之前加not。

例如：
I’m sorry for not having told you the news earlier.
【巩固练习】
单项填空。

1. The suggestion they all objected to ____ very effective finally.
A. proved
B. proving
C. prove
D.、o prove
2. It’s necessary to be prepared for a job interview. ____ the answers ready will be of great help.
A. To have had
B. Having had
C. [Have
D. Having
3.—What made you so happy?
—____ the first prize.
A. Get
B. Getting
C. Got
D. To get
4. I really appreciate ____ a great effort to help me out of the trouble.
A. you to take
C. your taking
D. your being taken
5. I still rember ____ to see films in the open air when I was small.
A. to take
B. taking
C. being taken
D. to be taken
6. As a result of the serious flood, two-thirds of the buildings in the area ____.
A. need repairing
B. needs to repair
C. needs repairing
D. need to repair
7.—You did very well at the meeting, Black.
—Well, I regret ____ that to the boss.
A. say
B. to say
C. said
D. having said
8. It is worth considering whatmakes ”convenience” foods so popular, and ____ better ones of yourown.
A. introduces
C. introducing
D. introduced Key:
1–4 ADBC5–8 CADC。