名词性从句的用法
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• 名词性从句包括主语从句，表语从句，宾 语从句和同位语从句。根据这些从句的共 同特性，名词性从句的连词主要可以分成 三类：that, if/ whether和wh-(疑问词)。
• 1．如果一个陈述句被用来作为另一个句子 的主语、表语、宾语或同位语，那么我们 一般要用that作为连词。that本身在句子中 没有意思，只起连接作用。
关于if与whether：两者都可引导宾语从句， 常可换用；但若引导主语从句，则用 whether（不用if），
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一般疑问句：Shall we have a meeting this afternoon?
主语从句：Whether we shall have a meeting this afternoon hasn’t been decided yet. 或：It hasn’t been decided yet whether we shall have a meeting this afternoon.
2. 作介词的宾语 例如：Our success depends upon how well we can cooperate
with one another. • 3. 作形容词的宾语
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主语从句：That science is developing very fast is known to all.
表语从句：The fact is that science is developing very fast.
宾语从句：Everyone knows that science is developing very fast.
表语从句：The question is whether we shall have a meeting this afternoon.
宾语从句：Do you know whether we shall have a meeting this afternoon?
同位语从句：None of us can answer the question whether we shall have a meeting this afternoon.
That mayor will visit our school next week is said (wrong) It happened, it occurred 也不能 It occurred to me that I failed to examination. It doesn’t matter how/whether也不能 It doesn’t matter whether he is right or not.
It’s a pity that you did not go to see the film. It’s in the morning that murder took place(强调句，与其的区别) 但也有主语从句不能放在句首的情况
It is said that the mayor will visit our school next week (right)
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3. 如果一个特殊疑问句被用来作为另一个句 子主语、表语、宾语或同位语，那么我们 就保留原来的疑问词作为连词，这些疑问 词的意思也保留在从句中。变成名词性从 句之后，原来的疑问句的词序要改成陈述 句的词序（主语+谓语）
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• 特殊疑问句：Why did the river be polluted? • 主语从句：Why the river was polluted
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2020/10/138 Nhomakorabea• 宾语从句就是在复合句中作宾语的名词性从句，通常放在主句谓语 动词（及物动词）或介词之后。
• 1. 作动词的宾语 (1) 由that引导的宾语从句（that 通常可以省略）,例如： I heard that he joined the army. (2) 由what, whether (if) 引导的宾语从句，例如： 1) She did not know what had happened. 2) I wonder whether you can change this note for me. (3) 动词＋间接宾语＋宾语从句。例如： She told me that she would accept my invitation.
同位语从句：The fact that science is developing very fast is known to all
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2.如果一个一般疑问句被用来作为另一个句 子的主语、表语、宾语或同位语，那么我 们要用whether或if作为连词。whether/ if在 句子中的意思是“是否”。变成名词性从 句后，原来的疑问句的词序要改成陈述句 的词序（主语+谓语)。
must be found out immediately.
• 表语从句：The problem is why the river was polluted .
• 宾语从句：Scientists are trying to find out why the river was polluted .
• 同位语从句：Scientists are trying to solve the problem why the river was polluted .
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陈述句：Science is developing very fast. 主语从句：That science is developing very fast is known to all. 通常主语从句用it做形式主语来表达，而真正的主语放在后面 It is known to all that science is developing very fast.