计算机专业英语试题1Ⅰ. Vocabulary(词汇，30分)(一)．Translate the following words and expressions into Chinese(写出下列词组的汉语。
10分，每题1分)1． hard disk2．operating system3．electronic spreadsheet4．management information system5．electronic commerce6．data structure7．software engineering8．computer virus9． machine language10．management information system(二)．Fill in the blanks with the corresponding English abbreviations.(根据汉语写出相应的英语缩写。
10分，每题1分)1．电子数据交换 2．传输控制协议3．计算机辅助设计 4．计算机辅助设计5．通用串行总线 6．面向对象编程7．集成开发环境 8．结构化查询语言9．局域网 10．企业之间的电子商务交易方式（三）Match the following words and expressions in the left column with those similar in meaning in the right column.(将左列的词汇与右列相应的汉语匹配。
10分，每空1分)1. RAM(random access memory) a. 视频2. high-level language b. 随机存储器.3. project window c. 高级语言4. functional testing d. 应用软件5. multimedia e. 工程窗口6. hacker f. 系统软件7. memory g. 功能测试8. application softwareh. 多媒体 9. system softwarei. 黑客 10.vedioj. 内存1． 6.2． 7．3． 8.4． 9.5． 10.Ⅱ. Comprehension(阅读理解，40分)（一）Fill in the blanks with suitable words or expressions from the list given below, andchange the form where necessary. （从下面方框中选择合适的词或表达，以其适当的形式填空。
15分, 每空3分)A programming language, designed to facilitate the communication between human and computers, is a ________________ for describing computation in readable form. There are 3 levels of programming languages, they are________________ , which can be run directly by computer; ________________ and _____________. There are different high-level programming languages. Fortunately, most of them have many kinds of construct in common and vary only in the way that these must be ________________ . Therefore, first thing to be decided about a task is to choose which programming language is best suited for the job.Passage ADuring initial days of computing, software was largely developed by small groups of people. When this software was to be maintained by another set of people, it used to be a nightmarish experience. When large commercial projects were to be handled, it used to be an almostimpossible task to keep the time and budget under control, and projects used to get delayed and many projects were abandoned halfway. There was no systematic procedure for the software development; everything was done on ad hoc basis. This ad hoc approach led to the ‘software crisis’.Over the last few decades there has been a tremendous growth in information technology and its impact on everyday life. Complex software systems have become critical to the operation of( )many systems in areas such as banking, communications, manufacturing, power generation, and transportation. Progress in computer science and accumulated experience with industrial production of software have led to the emergence of software engineering as a separate discipline. The software engineering discipline has been defined as "the application of systematic, disciplined, quantifiable approaches to the development, operation, and maintenance of software." that is, the application of engineering to software .The computer science discipline concerns with developing large applications. Software engineering covers not only the technical aspects of building software systems, but also management issues, such as directing programming teams, scheduling, and budgeting.For developing a software product, the development process is divided into different stages. A convenient way of splitting the whole process is to divide the development into the following five stages:Requirements Analysis & Specification: define the system requirements in detailDesign: specify system architecture and modules in detailCoding: produce source codeTesting: deal with unit testing and system testingMaintenance: fix bugs, enhance features and adapt across platforms.（二）Tell whether the following statements are true(T) or false(F) according to the passageA.（根据上文的内容判断下列句子的正误。
15分，每题3分）1.During initial days of the development of software, everything was done in discipline. ( )2.The definition of software engineering is "the application of systematic, disciplined,quantifiable approaches to the development, operation, and maintenance of software." ( )3. For developing a software product, you need design, coding and testing. ( )4. software engineering is the application of engineering to software . ( )5. Software engineering only covers the technical aspects of building software systems. ( )Passage BA computer virus is a computer program that is created to make and spread copies of itself. The program may however also be designed to have other effects on the systems it infects, ranging from the annoying to the disastrous.Virus attacks are growing rapidly these days. According to BusinessWeek, the 76,404 attacks reported in the first half of 2003 nearly match previous year's total number. As new antivirus tools are more powerful than before, the virus writers are getting a lot smarter with newer and creative ways to attack network systems. Let's first examine some common virus types: Basic Virus - a piece of software code that is developed to attack computers and network systems via email or Internet connections. It quickly replicates itself and gradually attaches to files, programs or the hard drive.Trojan Horses -This is a program that doesn't replicate when entering a system but can be effectively used to open 'back doors.' Trojan Horses allow hackers to take control over a particular system or to steal very important data.Worm - this type of virus is able to spread itself automatically over the network from one computer to the next. During a worm attack, users' computers get infected without even having to click open email attachment or any program, etc.Since it is very difficult to avoid the virus, your best defense is a powerful antivirus program.In order to fight with such viruses, the software vendors should focus on making their products more robust. This may ask for a trade-off between user-friendliness and security. In specific casesit may require line-by-line inspection, code retooling and even systems automation to defend the installed programs.(三)、choose the best answer according to the passage B.(根据上文的内容选择正确的答案。