初三英语语法及专项训练（宾语从句、定语从句部分）[Grammar] Object Clause 总结基本概念：在复合句中用作宾语的从句叫做宾语从句。
它是众多从句中的一员，宾语从句可以作及物动词的宾语，作短语动词的宾语，介词的宾语。
I think (that) you will like the students.I am interested in what she is doing.They often worry about whether they can get the jobs.基本特点：一、选择合适的连结词。
1. 词that（在口语、非正式文体中可以省略，本身没有意义）。
引导陈述句做宾语从句。
如：I tell him that I have read the story.2. 连词if或whether（是否）；引导一般疑问句做宾语从句。
Do you know if he will go to school tomorrow?3. 代词who（作主语）、whom（作宾语）、whose（定语）、which（主语、定语）；连接副词when, why, how,where, (均作状语)。
引导特殊疑问句做宾语从句。
He didn't know when he would leave for Shanghai.* 否定的用法有些表示思想和感情的动词之后的宾语从句中的否定式可以注意到这些动词之前。
I don't think you're right. = I think you aren't right.二.宾语从句要用陈述句语序。
所谓陈述句语序就是指宾语从句中主语一定要放在谓语动词之前。
(1)主句（主语＋谓语vt）＋（that）从句（主语＋谓语……）；(2)主句＋if/whether从句（主语＋谓语…）；(3)主句＋连接代词who/whom/whose/what/which+陈述句语序（主语＋谓语…）；(4）主句＋连接副词when/where/why/how+陈述句语序。
使用时就注意连词的意义，是否担任成份。
例如：1)Can you hear___?A. what did he sayB. that he saidC. what he said2) Can you tell me? What's your name? ---Can you tell me what your name is?3) He didn't understand … Can this machine work?He didn't understand if this machine could work.三. 宾语从句的时态呼应：1. 当主句是现在时或将来时的时候，宾语从句可以用所需要的任何时态。
2. 主句是过去时，宾语从句一般只能用过去时的某种形式；当从句叙述的是客观事实或一般真理时，宾语从句仍然用现在时态。
做宾语从句练习时, 要记住“一连词，二语序，三时态”!宾语从句练习1. The girls asked if they ____ some food and drink with them.A. tookB. takeC. takesD. will take2. Catherine said that she ___ to Guangzhou.A. has never goneB. had never goneC. has never beenD. had never been3. The students want to know whether they___ a dictation today in class.A. hadB. hasC. will haveD. are4. She asked Linda if___ go and get some.A. could sheB. she couldC. she canD. she may5. Linda said the moon___ round the earth.A. traveledB. has traveledC. travelsD.had traveled6. Can you tell me___ you were born, Betty?A. whoB. whatC. whenD. that7. I don't know ___ they have passed the exam.A. whatB. ifC. whenD. where8. I hardly understand.___ he has told me.A. thatB. whatC. whichD. who9. She didn't know___ back soon.A. whether he would beB. if would he beC. he will be10. I don't know _____ he still lives here after so many years.A. whetherB. whereC. whatD. when11. Do you know _____ they listened to yesterday evening?A. whatB. whenC. whyD. how12.He asked me _____told me the accident.A. whomB. whichC. whoD. whose13.They don't know _______their parents are.A. thatB. whatC. whyD. which14.Please tell me ______last year.A. where does your sister workB. where did your sister workC. where your sister worksD. where your sister worked15.She asked me if I knew ______.A. whose pen is itB. whose pen it wasC. whose pen it isD. whose pen was it16. You must remember ________.A. what your mother saidB. what did your mother sayC. your mother said whatD. what has your mother said17. Did you know ____?A. who he was looking afterB. who was he looking forC. who he is looking forD. who he is looking after18. Could you tell me ___?A. when will they leave BeijingB. when would they leave BeijingC. when they will leave BeijingD. when did they leave Beijing19. What did Mike say? He said______________.A. if you were free the next weekB. what color was itC. the weather is fineD. summer comes after spring20. Tom asked my friend ______________.A. where was he fromB. that the earth is bigger than the moonC. when did he come backD. not to be so angry21. Let me tell you ________.A. how much is the carB. how much does the car costC. how much did I pay for the carD. how much I spent on the car22. Peter knew ____________.A.weather he has finished reading the bookB.why the boy had so many questionsC.there were 12 months in a yearD.when they will leave for Paris.[Grammar] 定语从句定义：修饰名词和代词的从句叫做定语从句. 被定语从句修饰的名词或代词叫做先行词.The book (which I am reading is written by Tomas Hardy.)先行词关系词关系词：引导定语从句的关联词成为关系词。
关系词有关系代词和关系副词。
关系代词有that, which, who, whom, whose等；关系副词有where, when, why等。
关系词的作用：1.引导定语从句。
2.代替先行词。
3.在定语从句中担当一个成分。
[关系代词引导定语从句的用法]一.由 who指人, 引导的定语从句,who在从句中做主语。
例如:(1) This is the man who helped me.(2) Do you know the comrade who spoke just now ?二.whom指人, 引导的定语从句,whom在从句中作宾语,常可省略。
(1) The doctor (whom) you are looking for is in the room.(2) The person (whom) you just talked to is Mr. Li.注意：关系代词whom在口语和非正式语体中常用who代替，可省略。
如:(3) The man who/whom you met just now is my friend.三. that指人时，相当于who或者whom；指物时，相当于which。
在宾语从句中做主语或者宾语，做宾语时可省略。
(1) The letter (that/which) I received was from my father.(2)The house (that/which) we live in is not large. =The house in which we live is not large.四. which指物，在定语从句中做主语或者宾语，做宾语时可省略。