宾语从句和定语从句讲解（一）that 引导的宾语从句宾语从句的引导连词有that, who, whose, what, which, 副词when, where, how, why, whether, if可以跟that 从句做宾语的动词有：say, think ,wish, hope, wonder, know, suppose, see, believe, agree.1、在学习宾语从句的时候要知道宾语从句的构成I heard that he would come here later on.主语谓语动词引导词一个句子作宾语2、要注意在宾语从句中主句与从句的时态要呼应（a）当主句用一般现在时，从句要根据实际情况，选择时态例如：I believe（that）you did your best for that.I believe（that）you will do your best for that.(b) 当主句的时态用一般过去时，从句要用相应的过去时态（过去时代包括，过去进行时，一般过去时，过去将来时，过去完成时等过去时态）例如：I hear he will come here later on .I heard he would come here later on.I can’t tell him that his mother died.(c)当主句的时态用的是过去时态，但是从句的内容是对客观事情的叙述，从句依然用一般现在时态。
例如：My teacher said that the earth goes around the sun.That 引导的定语从句和that 引导的宾语从句的区别定语从句在句中作主句的定语，修饰前面的名词或代词。
被修饰的词叫先行词，引导定语从句的词叫关系代词。
我们今天要学习的时由关系代词that来引导的定语从句一，that在定语从句中既可指代人也可指代物。
先行词是人或者物时，可以用that来引导如：Have you seen the woman that is wearing red coatHe found the girl that we’re looking for.Please show me the photo that you like best.关系代词that在从句中可充当主语或者是宾语，在当关系代词在句中充当定语从句的宾语时，常常省略。
He found the girl （that）we are looking for.1. The fan is on the desk. You want it.__________________________________________________________2. The man is in the next room. He brought our textbooks here yesterday.__________________________________________________________3. The magazine is mine. He has taken it away.__________________________________________________________4. The students will not pass the exam. They don’t stud y hard.__________________________________________________________5. The woman is our geography teacher. You saw her in the park.__________________________________________________________6. The letter is from my sister. I received it yesterday.__________________________________________________________7. The play was wonderful. We saw it last night.__________________________________________________________That 引导的宾语从句He promised that he would never make that mistake againWe all believe the promise that he made to us宾语从句中that为连词，不充当任何成分，可以省略定语从句中that为关系代词，充当从句的主语或者是宾语,充当宾语时可以省略选择填空：1. The man ____ visited our school yesterday is from London.A. thatB. whichC. whomD. when2. The woman ____ is talking to my mother is a friend of hers.A. whoseB. thatC. whomD. which3. Tom did not take away the camera because it was just the same camera ____ he lost last week.A. whichB. thatC. whomD. as4. Where is the man ____ I met this morningA. whenB. whereC. whichD. /5. The doctor ____ is leaving for Africa next month.A. the nurse is talking to himB. whom the nurse is talkingC. the nurse is talking toD. who the nurse is talking6. The man ____ around our school is from America.A. which you showedB. you showed himC. you showedD. where you showed7. Have you read the book ____ I lent to youA. thatB. whomC. whenD. whose8. Jack is pleased with ____ you have given him and all ____ you have told him.A. that, whatB. what, thatC. which, whatD. that, which9 He found ____the book ____is about Australia is very interestingA what, whenB that, whereC that, /D /, that10 I am very happy ____ I was chosen to represent our school to take part in the competitionA. what B why C which D that注意！宾语从句小口诀：宾语从句三注意，时态语序引导词；主句一般现在时，从句不需受限制；主句一般过去时，从句须用相应时；陈述句转化that引，一般疑问句用if/whether, 特殊问句疑问词，引导词后陈述式。
whether 或if 引导的宾语从句主要用来引导一般疑问句意思或选择疑问句意思的宾语从句，从句同样是陈述语序eg, I wonder if /whether you have told the news to Li Lei .注意：一般情况下，whether 和if 可以互用，但有些情况例外。
a. 当从句做介词的宾于是只用whether 不用if eg, We are talking about whether we'll go on the picnic.b. 引导词与动词不定式或not 连用时，只用whether. eg, Please let me know what to do next. Could you tell me whether you go or notc. if当如果讲时，引导的是条件状语从句，这时不能用whether特殊疑问句转化成宾语从句时，引导词用特殊疑问词；引导词后要用陈述句语序。
. Could you tell me what's the matter\wrong with you特殊情况当do you think后接特殊疑问句转化成宾语从句时，句式结构应为引导词＋do you think＋陈述句语序。
人称的变化和标点的使用a.从句的主语如果是第一人称，变为宾语从句则与主句的主语一致；如果是第二人称，则与主句的宾语一致；如果是第三人称，不用变化。
如：“May I use your knife”He asked me.→He asked me if he might use my knife.“Do you know her telephone number”He asked me. →He asked me if I know her telephone number.b.宾语从句的标点均由主句决定。
主句是陈述句，用句号；主句是疑问句，用问号。
如：Who will give us a talk I don‟t know. →I don‟t know who will give us a talk.Do you know Where does he live →Do you know where he lives巩固练习1. Have you decided ________for AustraliaA. when will you leaveB. when do you leaveC. you will leave whenD. when you will leave2. Can you tell me _________A. where does Tom liveB. where Tom livedC. Tom lives whereD. where Tom lives3. The old man asked me ________ .二，定语从句定义：在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。