思考题
一、判断
1.Teaching cannot be defined apart from learning.
2. Teaching problems are simply learning problems.
3. According to The tabula-rasa or“blank-slate”view, humans have few if any natural predispositions. Development is dependent upon the individual’s experiences.
4. According to Chomsky, the child learns his first language by imitation.
5. The concept of L2 (second language, foreign language and non-native language) implies that the individual is already in command of an L1.
6. There are individual differences for different learners, different types of learning tasks, different strategies and styles. (p.77)
7. Comprehension is the highest level of understanding.
8. Evidence shows that attitudes are accompanied by positive and negative feelings
9. Self-actualization refers to the desire to fulfill one’s self-esteem.
10. Culture is a set of shared ideals, values and standards of behavior
11. Language, thought and culture can be dealt with separately.
12. Culture shock has generally been considered as having a negative effect on L2 learning.
13. Theoretical contrastive studies do not belong to comparative descriptive linguistics.
14. Empirical evidence has shown that intralingual errors only constitute a small proportion of L2 learners’errors, and that among other factors, interlingual effects of learning play an important role.
15. Test is not an end in itself.
二、选择题
1.The learner has an even greater role to play in the ______ process.
A. teaching
B. learning
C. teaching-learning
2. Learning is _____ dependent upon environment.
A. completely
B. partly
C. unnecessarily
3. According to Chomsky, the child learns his first language by______.
A. imitation
B. creative hypothesis-testing
C. hypothesis-testing
4. Attitude is generally agreed to show three aspects: ___ ___ and ___.
A. cognitive, affective, behavioral
B. mental, affective, behavioral
C. mental, personal, cognitive
5. According to Maslow, the high level needs of self-actualization are growth needs, whereas those below are ______.
A. deficiency needs
B. incomplete needs
C. fundamental needs
6. Haviland (1975) summarizes four universal characteristics of culture: Culture is shared, based on symbols, integrated, and ______.
A. inherited
B. learned
C. developed
7. Interlanguage refers to “the _____ meaningful performance”in a second language.
A. limited
B. learned
C. attempted
8. Errors made by L2 learners can be observed, analyzed, classified, and ______.
A. expected
B. described
C. corrected
9. Error analysis generally consists of three stages, namely, identification, _____ and explanation.
A. correction
B. expectation
C. description
10. A good test must meet four requirements: _____, reliability, discrimination and practicality.
A. validity
B. responsibility
C. facility
11. The TOEFL is a kind of ______.
A. Aptitude tests
B. Criterion-referenced tests
C. Diagnostic tests
12. According to Dulay et al. (1982), there are three kinds of motivation affecting language acquisition: Integrative motivation, _____ and Social-group-identification motivation.
A. Instrumental motivation
B. Practical motivation
C. Creative motivation
13. Stern (1983) identifies four basic sets of strategies from the basic considerations and research of language learning. These strategies are: Active planning strategy, Academic learning strategy, Social learning strategy, and _____ strategy.
A. Practical
B. Creative
C. Affective
14. As to how to correct errors, it requires a combination of _____, cognitive and linguistic judgment.
A. objective
B. subjective
C. affective
15. There are three methods to describe tests: central tendency, _______ and percentile rank.
A. dispersion of scores
B. standard deviation
C. variance
答案：
一、判断题
1.T
2. F
3. T
4. F
5. T
6. T
7.F
8.T
9.F 10.T 11.F 12.T 13.F 14.F 15.T
二、选择题
1.C
2. A
3.B
4. A
5.A
6. B
7. C
8. B
9. C 10.A 11.B 12.A 13. C 14.
C 15.A。