○11.Visual chapter openers and summaries具视觉效果的开篇和总结2.On the Web explorations 网络资源3.Tips 小贴士，小窍门4.Making IT work for you 为你所用5.Concept checks and review 检查6.Key terms 核心词汇7.Careers in IT 信息技术相关职业8.Procedures (指令，操作说明)9.Software (软件)10.Hardware (硬件)11.Blocking spam 垃圾邮件过滤软件12.Speech Recognition 语音识别软件13.Virus Protection and Internet Security14.网络安全软件 Tuner Cards and Video Clips电视卡和视频编辑软件16.Web Cams and Instant Messaging网络视频摄像头和即时通讯17.Music from the Internet网络音乐下载、上传和编辑18.Home Networking 家庭网络19.Spyware Removal 间谍软件移除工具20.Job Opportunities 网络就业机会搜索软件21.Operation system 操作系统22.Coordinate resources 协调资源23.Interface 提供接口24.Run applications 运行应用程序25.Utilities 公共实用程序26.Device drivers 设备驱动程序27.Browser 浏览器程序28.Microsoft Office 办公软件29.Basic application 基础应用程序itary or Government军事政府31.Research institute 研究机构32.Insurance companies 保险公司33.Mainframe computers 大型机，主机34.Supercomputers 超级计算机35.Minicomputers 中型电脑36.Microcomputers 微机个人计算机37.Desktop computer 台式电脑38.Notebook computer, laptop computers手提式、膝上轻便电脑39.Tablet PC 支持手写的平板电脑40.Handheld computer 掌上电脑41.Windows mobile 操作系统42.Electronic Dictionary 电子词典43.Palm computer 掌上电脑44.Handheld computer 手持电脑itary PDA 军用PDA46.System unit：microprocessor and memory微处理器和内存47.Input/output devices 输入和输出48.Keyboard 键盘49.Mouse 鼠标50.Monitor 显示器printer 打印机51.Secondary storage 辅助存储器pact discs (CD) 激光盘53.Digital versatile or video discs (DVD) 数字化视频光盘54.High-definition discs (HDD) 高清盘55.Document files 文字处理56.Worksheet files 工作表单57.Database files 数据库文件58.Presentation files 演示文件puter competency refers to acquiring computer-related skills-indispensable tools for today.2.Present an overview of an information system 概述信息系统3.Understand these basic parts and how connectivity through the Internet.5大组成部分及如何访问网络4.Filled out computerized forms, took computerized tests 填写电脑化的表格和考试5.People are surely the most important part of any information system. 人是信息系统中最重要的组成元素6.Our lives are touched every day by computers and information systems. 我们的生活每天都要接触计算机、信息系统分不开7.Making IT Work for You：presentinteresting and practical IT applications. 实用的信息技术应用8.Tips：suggestions ranging from the basicsof keeping your computer system runningsmoothly to how to protect your privacy whilesurfing the Web. 关于计算机运用和网上冲浪安全的提示和建议9.Careers in IT：provides job descriptions,projected employment demands, educationalrequirements, current salary ranges, andadvancement opportunities. 信息技术相关的工作puting Essentials Web site：moreinformation on the Web. 本课本相关的网络资源11.Software are the instructions that tell thecomputer how to process date into the form youwant. 软件就是指导计算机把数据转换成信息的指令12.In the most case, the words software andprograms are interchangeable. 大多时候，软件和程序的概念是可以互换的13.系统软件是应用软件和计算机硬件的中间连接件。
14.The system software is just themediator between application software andhardware.15.you have to know to be consideredcomputer competent. 作为计算机能手必须具备16.Wireless applications are just the beginningof the wireless revolution. 无线应用开启了无线革命17.Central to the concept of connectivity is thenetwork. 连接概念的中心是网络○31.Integrated Packages 综合程序包2.Software Suites 软件套组3.templates 模版4.Thesaurus 同义词库5.Word wrap 自动换行6.Autocorrect: 自动更正7.Header or Footer 页眉页脚8.Footnote 脚注9.Captions, Cross References题注，交叉引用10.Table 表格11.Calculations 计算12.Functions 函数13.Analytical graphs or charts 图表14.What-if analysis 假设分析15.Query: 查询municate a message 传递17.persuade people 说服18.Professional 专业19.Productivity suite 商务组件20.Personal suite 家庭组件21.Specialized suite 专业组件22.Utility suite 实用工具组件1.Integrated package: is a single program that provides the functionality of a word processor, spreadsheet, database manager and more. 独立的集成软件包包括文字处理、表格和数据库管理等功能2.Presentation: programs that combine avariety of visual objects to create attractivevisually interesting presentations. 利用可视化的图形，创造吸引人的演示效果。
3.Software suites: a collection of separateapplication programs bundled together and soldas a group. 捆绑一起售卖的多个应用程序4.Good communication skills and teachingexperience, though a teaching degree may notbe required, it may be preferred. 沟通技能和授课经验5.Experience with the latest software andhardware is essential. 熟悉最新的软件和硬件6.Seek detail-oriented individuals with ITexperience IT经验的细心人○51.Booting a system 启动电脑2.Mundane 常规的3.behind-the-scenes 幕后的4.Warm boot 热启动Cold boot 冷启动5.Embedded OS 嵌入式OSwork OS 网络OS7.Stand-alone OS 客户端OS8.track 磁道9.concentric ring同心圆10.contiguous连续相邻的11.wedge-shaped楔形的12.sector扇区13.Norton AntiVirus: 防毒14.Norton CleanSweep: 系统清理15.Web CleanUp: 上网痕迹清理16.GoBack Personal Edition: 恢复设置17.Norton Utilities: 实用工具18.Bachelor’s degree 本科学位19.Practical experience 实战经验20.Certification from training 认证21.Good analytical and communication skills社交技能1.System software: works with end users, application software, and computer hardware to handle the majority of technical details. 系统软件处理大多数技术细节2.System software is collection that handle hundreds of technical details with little or no user intervention. 少用户介入的技术细节3.Managing resources 资源管理4.Providing character-based or graphical user interface 提供人机界面接口5. A platform for running applications and supporting multitasking 为应用软件的运行提供系统平台6.Advanced system security to guard against malicious files and programs, including spyware. 防恶意软件安全系统7.Three-dimensional workspace capable of displaying transparent cascading windows. 三维立体、玻璃、瀑布效果8.Filtering capabilities to provide convenientparental controls by blocking access ofobjectionable Web sites.过滤能力，家长控制9.Utilities: are designed to make computingeasier. 使用计算机更加简单的专业程序e for: avoid frustrating11.Internal hard disks crashed 死机puters freeze up 锁定卡死13.Operations slow down 系统慢14.Troubleshooting programs: recognize andcorrect problems. 自检程序15.Antivirus programs: guard your computersystem against viruses. 防病毒程序16.Uninstall programs: safely and completelyremove unneeded programs. 卸载程序17.Backup programs: make copies of files. 备份程序18.File compression programs: reduce the sizeof files. 压缩程序19.Disk Cleanup: a troubleshooting utility thatidentifies and eliminates nonessential files,frees up valuable disk space. 清理无用文件，释放磁盘空间20.A track is a concentric ring.磁道，就是一个同心圆21.Each track is divided into wedge-shapedsections called sector. 磁道被分成的楔形，称为扇区22.The operating system tries to save a file ona single track across contiguous sectors.23.Disk Defragmenter: locates and eliminatesunnecessary fragments and rearranges files andunused disk space to optimize operations.去除无用的碎片，重新安排文件，优化磁盘空间24.Device driver: work with the operatingsystem to allow communication between thedevice and the rest of the computer system. 用于设备和计算机其他组件通信25.Windows supplies hundreds of differentdevice drivers with its system software. 自带驱动○91.Originally intended for voice communication 语音通讯2.Widely used to support computer communication 计算机通讯3.Allow a wide variety of nearby devices to communicate without physical connection 设备通讯4.Allow individuals to connect to the Internet因特网无线互联munication channel 信道6.Connection devices 连接设备7.Data transmission specifications 数据传输规则8.Twisted-pair cable 双绞线9.Made up of copper wires 铜线10.Coaxial cable 同轴电缆11.made up of a single solid-copper12.Fiber-optic cable 光纤13.Physical connections: 物理连接14.Infrared: 红外线15.Over short distances 短距离16.Travel in a straight line 直线17.In clear view of one another18.Broadcast radio: 无线电通讯e radio signals 无线电信号20.Follow standard Wi-Fi 无线保真21.Microwave: 微波e high-frequency radio wave23.line-of-sight communication24.Be relayed by stations with dishes orantenna 天线接收传递25.Bluetooth: 蓝牙技术26.Pass through walls and nonmetal barriers具有穿透性27.Satellite: 卫星通讯e satellites orbiting about 22000 milesabove the earth29.Offered by Intelsat通讯卫星协会30.Rotate at a precise point and speed 位置和速度严格定位31.External modem 外置调制解调器32.Internal modem 内置调制解调器33.PC Card modem 卡式调制解调器34.Wireless modem 无线上网卡e for converting the digital signals toanalog signals 数字、模拟信号转换36.Transfer rate: 传输率37.Bandwidth 带宽38.Node: any device connected 节点39.Client: a node uses resource 客户端40.Server: a node sharing resources andperforming specific task 服务器41.Hub: the central node 集线器work interface cards: 网卡work operating systems: 网络OS44.Distributed processing: 分布处理45.Local Area Network: 局域网work gateway 网关47.Ethernet: 以太网48.Metropolitan Area Network: 城域网49.Wide Area Network: 广域网work configurations 拓扑结构51.Strategies 策略，模式puter communications: is the process of sharing data, programs, and information between two or more computers.计算机之间共享信息数据资源2.Connectivity: is a concept related to using computer networks to link people and resources to the world of larger computers and Internet.3.Protocol: a set of communication rules for the exchange of information. 协议是传输信息的规则work architecture: describes how a network is arranged and how resources are coordinated and shared. 搭建，协调和共享5.Terminal network: processing power iscentralized in one large computer, otherterminals connected to this host. 计算机能力集中在中央主机上，即主机终端联机模式6.Client/server networks: server nodescoordinate and supply specialized services, andclient nodes request the services. 客户端请求服务，服务器提供服务7.Peer-to-peer networks: nodes have equalauthority and can act as both clients and servers.各节点角色相同8.Intranets: a private network within anorganization that resembles the Internet. 企业内部网是一个私有网络9.Extranets: a private network that connectsmore than one organization. 企业间的外联网10.Firewall: a security system designed toprotect an organization’s network againstexternal threats. 防范外部威胁11.Proxy server: a gatekeeper to monitor andevaluate all communication. 代理服务器。