2022年高考英语一轮复习讲练测（新教材新高考）第九讲—定语从句【复习概览】一、命题要求定语从句考点是英语高考必考点之一。
在高考中主要考查点有：定语从句关系词、定语从句的先行词、定语从句中的主谓一致、定语从句中的时态等。
二、命题形式本考点在高考中的命题形式主要有：1.语法填空；2.阅读理解中的复杂句子；2.书面表达。
从句在语法填空中是必考点。
2022年从句考点还将是高考中的重点和难点所在。
在这个考点上一定多下工夫，不管花费多大的精力，让学生掌握这个考点都不为过，因为，打开2022年的高考试卷，必然会有非谓语动词。
【基础巩固】知识点：定语从句必备基础知识：在主从复合句中，修饰或限制某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。
A. 先行词+ 连词（关系代词）+ 陈述句who 【先行词为人。
主语、宾语。
】whom 【先行词为人。
宾语。
】that【先行词为物/人。
主语、宾语。
】which 【先行词为物。
主语、宾语。
】B. 地方+ where(状语) + 陈述句【where = at/on/in which】时间+ when(状语) + 陈述句【when = at/on/in which】C. 先行词（物/人）+ whose + 名词…whose: 某人的/某物的D. 先行词(人) + 介词+ whom + 陈述句先行词(物) + 介词+ which + 陈述句重难点知识：考点1关系代词引导的定语从句【典例】1. [2021·浙江1月]They’re the only thing _______ looks like human language in that respect.2.[2021·八省1月联考]I'm grateful that the assistant responded in a way _______ made me rethink the power of my words.3.[2021·八省1月联考]That day, along with the barber there was an assistant, _______ had recently joined the shop.【方法指导】1．who和whom指人，who在定语从句中作主语；whom在定语从句中作宾语，在限制性定语从句中可省略。
在口语中可用who代替whom。
2．whose指人或物，在定语从句中作定语，指物时可用of which代替，指人时可用of whom代替。
3．that多指物，有时也指人，在定语从句中作主语、表语或宾语，作宾语或表语时可省略。
4．which指物，在定语从句中作主语和宾语，作宾语时，在限制性定语从句中可省略。
另外，which 可用来指代前面句子的部分或全部内容。
5．下列情况只用that不用which：①先行词是all，something，everything，anything，nothing，little，much，few等不定代词；②先行词被all，any，every，no，little，much，some等词修饰；③先行词被序数词、形容词最高级修饰或先行词本身是序数词；④先行词被the only，the very(正是，恰是)，the last修饰；⑤先行词中既有人也有物；⑥在which或who的特殊疑问句中含有定语从句。
【变式】【变式】1[2019·上海卷]The baby turtles emerge from the eggs after 45— 0 days, then the babies grow without their mother, _______ is a rare phenomenon in nature.【变式】2[2019·上海卷]For more information about our program, please visit our website, or contact our Undergraduate Chair, ________ information is listed above.考点2关系副词引导的定语从句【典例】1. 【江苏省无锡市第一中学2020—2021学年高三上学期开学考试】TikTok’s woes(麻烦) offer others an opening. In India,50．200 million users lost access to it overnight, a local rival, Roposo, got 22 million sign-ups in 48 hours. In America Facebook is about to launch Instagram “Reels”, a TikTok clone, and YouTube will soon roll out “Shorts”.2. 【2016·全国新课标I】But my connection with pandas goes back to my days on a TV show in the mid-1980s, ____65_ I was the first Western TV reporter permitted to film a special unit caring for pandas rescued from starvation in the wild.【方法指导】1．先行词是表示时间、地点或原因(一般为reason)的名词，从句中缺少状语时用关系副词when，where，why。
有时可用“介词＋which”结构替换。
2．当定语从句中缺少主语或宾语时，即使先行词是表示时间、地点和原因的词仍用which/that。
3．当先行词为一些表示抽象地点的名词，如point，situation，case，stage等，如果引导词在从句中作状语，常用关系副词where引导定语从句；如果作主语、宾语或表语，则用关系代词that/which。
【变式】【变式】11. （2021·天津南开区·南开中学高三二模）Sales director is a position________ communication ability is just as important as sales.A．which B．where C．when D．why【变式】22. （2021·山东）I don’t know the reason ____ he left without saying anything.A．when B．where C．why D．which【变式】3（2021·天津高三期末）We often reach a point in our life ______ we should be ready for change that will help us unlock our self-improvement power.A．when B．that C．as D．which考点3 “介词＋关系代词”引导的【典例】1.【2021·天津3月高考】William Hastie once suggested that history informs us of past mistakes ________ we canlearn without repeating them.A．from which B．in which C．with whom D．for whom2.（2021·天津红桥区·高三一模）Learning another language is like stepping out of a door, ______I can look back and see more clearly my own language.A．By which B．through which C．which D．on which【方法指导】1．若介词放在关系代词之前，关系代词指人时常用whom，指物时常用which。
另外，whose也可以放在介词后，即“介词＋whose＋名词”结构。
2．该结构中介词的选用(1)一般来说，确定关系代词前的介词，可以从以下三方面入手：①先行词的意义；②从句中的动词或形容词与先行词的固定搭配；③句子的意思。
(2)表示“整体和部分关系”，介词常用of。
常见结构：①在some，any，few，little，none，all，both，neither，many，most，each等代词或数词的前、后可以用of which/whom。
②the＋比较级或最高级前、后用of which/whom等。
(3)有时“介词＋where”可以引导定语从句，此时要和“介词＋which”引导的定语从句从意思上加以区别。
【变式】1.（2021·天津滨海新区·高三三模）The Zhuang is an ethnic group________ the population is the largest of all ethnic groups in China.A．of whom B．of which C．of who D．of that2.（2021·天津河北区·高三二模）Human facial expressions differ from those of animals in the degree ______ they can be controlled.A．on which B．by which C．to which D．from which考点4 as，which引导的定语从句【典例】1.【江苏省无锡市2021届高三上学期期中】If everyone on your team is working different hours, you may be getting emails and messages at all hours of the day, night or weekend, 36．can create an always available, or "always-on” environment.2.（2021·天津河西区·高三二模）Stress is everywhere and in fact it isn't such a bad thing ________ it is oftensupposed to be. A ．that B ．asC ．whatD ．which【方法指南】1．as 作关系代词用来引导非限制性定语从句，意为“正如，正像”，as 引导的句子可放在句首、句末或句中。