单词1experience n. 经验;实践;经历;阅历v. 经历;经受;遭受;感受experienced adj. 有经验的;熟练的from/by experience 凭经验;从经验中(得出)be experienced in…在……方面有经验【易错警示】experience作“经验”讲是不可数名词,作“经历”讲是可数名词。
2cause n. 原因;动机;理由;根据;目标;理想;事业v. 引起;惹起;促成for a good cause为了正义的事业cause sb to do sth 促使某人做某事【词语辨析】cause和reason(1)cause 指“导致某事发生的原因或起因,常跟of搭配”。
如:We do not yet know the cause of the accident.我们尚不清楚事故的原因。
(2)reason 指“做某事的理由”,常跟for或why引导的定语从句搭配。
如:He has given no reasons for his decision.他并未说明他决定的理由。
【活学活用】(1)Tell me _______________you were so late this morning.告诉我今天上午你来这么晚的原因。
(2)______________________was carelessness.火灾的起因是粗心。
3occur v. 发生;出现;存在;浮现occurence n. 发生的事情,事件;发生;出现sth occur to sb 某事浮现在某人的脑海中;某人想到某事It occurs to sb that/It occurs to sb to do…某人想到……【短语辨析】take place, happen, occur, come about和breakout以上词或短语都含有“发生”的意思,区别如下:(1)take place表示“发生,举行,举办”,一般指非偶然性事件的发生,即这种事件的发生是由于某种原因或根据事先的安排。
(2)happen作“发生”讲,一般用于偶然或突发性事件。
另外还可以表示“碰巧”。
常用于搭配:happen to do sth/It happens that…(3)occur作“发生”讲,其意义相当于happen,但它还可以表示“想到,突然想起”。
(4)come about表示“发生,产生”,多指事情已经发生了,但还不知道为什么,常用于疑问句和否定句。
可以构成句型:How did it come about that…?……是怎么发生的?(5)break out意为“发生,爆发”,常指战争、灾难、疾病或者争吵等事件的发生,也可以表示突然大声叫喊等。
【易错警示】上面表示“发生”的五个词或短语,都是不及物动词。
其主语都是事情、事件等。
4ruin v. (使)破产;(使)堕落;毁灭n. 毁灭;崩溃;废墟;遗迹in ruins 成为废墟go/fall/come to ruin 毁灭;灭亡;崩溃;破坏掉【词语辨析】ruin, damage和destroy(1)ruin现在多用于借喻中,泛指一般的“弄坏”,还可指“价值、用途降低或外表损坏”等。
(2)damage多指不一定全部破坏、损坏,可能还可以修复。
它既可作名词,也可作动词。
作名词时常构成搭配:cause/do damage (to…)(对……)造成损害。
(3)destroy指“彻底毁坏掉以至不能或很难修复”。
【活学活用】用ruin, damage或destroy的适当形式填空(1) The rain caused great _______to the crops.(2)A big fire __________the tall building.(3)She poured water all over my painting, and _______it. 5strike v. 打;撞击;碰撞;(突然)袭击;某人突然想到/意识到;让(某人)觉得;留下……印象;擦(火柴);罢工be on strike在罢工go on strike 举行罢工It strikes me that…某人突然想到/意识到……be deeply struck 被深深打动strike sb as…让某人觉得……5strike v. 打;撞击;碰撞;(突然)袭击;某人突然想到/意识到;让(某人)觉得;留下……印象;擦(火柴);罢工be on strike在罢工go on strike 举行罢工It strikes me that…某人突然想到/意识到……be deeply struck 被深深打动strike sb as…让某人觉得……短语精品文档1set fire to放火烧……;使……燃烧make a fire生火put out fire 扑火play with fire 冒大风险;玩火be on fire 燃烧着catch fire 着火;起火set…on fire 放火烧;使燃烧2take place发生;举行in place 在正确的位置;适当out of place 在错误的位置;在不适当的位置in place of 代替in sb's place 处于某人的位置;为某人设身处地地着想take sb's place/take the place of 代替;接替in the first place 首先;第一点3.end up结果为……;以……结束(尤指意料之外的)end up doing/in sth/adj. 以……告终put an end to sth 使某事结束,终止bring sth to an end 使某事结束,终止come to an end 结束;终止on end 连续地;竖着;直立地in the end最后;终于at the end of…在……结束时by the end of…到……结束时为止4.pick up 拾起;拿起;偶然得到(或学到、找到);收听到;搭载;恢复(健康);好转pick out挑选;区分;领会,弄明白pick on 选择(作挨骂或受罚对象);挑中(某人)pick at 一点一点地吃pick off 摘掉;取走英译汉:①Then with a huge effort,she picked it up in her trunk and tried until she was able to place it on a narrow shelf of rock.____________________________________________②I picked up a few words of Greek when I was there last year.____________________________________________答案①之后,她艰难地用鼻子托住它,直到把它放在一块岩石狭窄的边缘上。
②去年我在希腊时学会了几句希腊语。
③The sensors pick up faint vibrations in the Earth.(朗文在线)____________________________________________④We picked up two more English merchants also, and two young Portuguese gentlemen.(选自《鲁宾逊漂流记》) ____________________________________________ 答案③这种传感器能接收到地球微弱的振动。
④我们又让另外两位英国商人和两位葡萄牙绅士上了船。
⑤Under good treatment,Linda is beginning to pick up and will soon recover.______________________________________________ 答案⑤在精心治疗下,琳达逐渐恢复并且将很快康复。
5.put out 扑灭(火);伸出;生产;出版put up with 忍受put up 举起;张贴;建造;支起;为……提供住宿;提名put through 使穿过;接通(电话)put down 放下,使(乘客等)下(车);写下,记下put on 穿上;上演;假装put off 推迟,拖延put aside 把……放在一边,暂不考虑put forward 拨快;推荐;提出put away 收拾;存放①Then I put________the light and scrambled out of the window on to the shed.(选自《哈克贝利·费恩历险记》) ②Never put ________ till tomorrow what may be done today.③Make sure that you put ________every word she says.④Please put those tools ________ after you finish the work.⑤We shall be happy to put you ________when you come to town next month.答案①out②off③down④away⑤up⑥He was not really angry.He was putting it ________.⑦The bus stopped at the station to put ________ one or two passengers.⑧She put ________ the light and closed the door.⑨No longer able to put ________ my toothache,I went to see a dentist.答案⑥on⑦down⑧out⑨up with句型1. On average, there are 800 tornadoes in the US each year, causing about 80 deaths and 1,500 injured.平均来说,美国每年发生800次龙卷风,造成大约80人死亡,1500人受伤。
2. The worst tornado of all time occurred in 1925, affecting three US states: Missouri, Illinois and Indiana.历史上最严重的龙卷风发生于1925年,影响了美国三个州:密苏里州,伊利诺伊州和印第安纳州。