Getting the correct balance between each of these 3 rules is the key to the success of the organisational structure. The way that organisations take shape can be affected by many considerations, such as specialisation of personnel, known as the 2013-1-9 Managing division of labour.People and Organizations
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Classification of Organisations
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Specialization特殊性
It occurs when organizations or individual workers concentrate on a limited type of activity The advantage of arranging work in this way lies in the following facts:
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Why Organizations Exist
They satisfy social needs They are more efficient at fulfilling needs than individuals They save time They pool knowledge They are power centres
Outcome 1
Explain the Nature of Organisations
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What Is An Organization
The term can be used broadly in two ways: It can refer to a group or institution arranged for efficient work.
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The Elements of the Informal Organisation
Although the informal organisation is not directly seen as a structural element, it is in fact remarkably powerful in terms of influencing behaviours and attitudes towards the work environment. In some organisations the informal element may be the powerhouse of performance and achievement.
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Basic Components of Organisations
People Objective Structure
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Organizational Resouhe Elements of the Formal Organisation
A formal organization is one that has a conspicuously coordinated system of human interactions with a common purpose A formally structured organisation is one where the reporting structure is defined. There may be written procedures providing formal support to the structure covering rules for behaviour and such areas as grievance and discipline.
The Elements of the Informal Organisation
An informal organization is one that has social interactions without a conspicuous structure or common purpose Within a formal organization, an informal organization is likely to be present These groups meet social needs of workers, providing a sense of camaraderie, but they are not part of the formal organisation and are not included by management in an organisational 2013-1-9 Managing People and Organizations chart.
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The Elements of the Formal Organisation
Some rules of organisational structures :
span of control levels of management delegation
“A group of people engaged in a joint enterprise. ”
It can also refer to a process.
“An arrangement for achieving controlled performance in pursuit of collective goals.”
Large – over 2000 employees medium – between 50 and 2000 employees Small – below 50 employees
Volume of output Volume of sales Assets employed Profits earned Net worth in real term
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Characteristic of Organizations
Organisations are made up at least 2 people. They have purposes. They use resources – human and non-human- to achieve the purposes. They perform activities in a planned and controlled manner.
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Definition
An organization is a group of individuals operating together in a systematic way to achieve a set of objectives
Environment
Raw materials Machinery Human resources Money Information
Inputs
Organization process
Goods or service
Outputs
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Classification of Organisations
Classification by Purpose: Economic – e.g. businesses Protective –e.g. armies, police, prisons, trade unions Associative – e.g. clubs Public Service –e.g. local council or hospitals Religious – e.g. churches
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Classification of Organisations
Classification by Structure : Formal Informal
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Encourage the use of highly specific equipment Semi-skilled labour can be employed Workers are able to develop a high level of expertise
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Classification of Organisations