8种常考语法要点归纳１. 比较结构1). On average, it is said, visitors spend only____________ （一半的钱）in a day in Leeds as in London.2)Americans eat__________（两倍）protein as they actually need every day.3) The number of the students in this city has _____ (增加了6倍) in comparison with 2001.(half as much money) (twice as much) (increased 6 times)２.用于表示“与相比”的短语1)Your losses in trade this year are nothing______________ （与我的相比）2) Since my childhood I have found that __( 没有什么比读书对我更有吸引力)3) The trumpet player was certainly loud. But I wasn’t bothered by his loudness sosuch____________（而是他缺乏天分）．(compared with mine/ in comparison with mine) (nothing is more attractive to me than reading ) (as by his lack of talent)３.状语从句包括：➢as though…即使…➢hardly/barely/scarcely…when …一…就…(句子前半部要倒装)(Hardly had we sat down at the table, when the phone rang. 我们刚在桌子旁坐下电话就响了。
)➢no sooner…than…(句子前半部要倒装) 一…就…(No sooner had we sat down at the table than the phone rang. 我们刚在桌子旁坐下电话就响了。
)➢now that…既然，由于so that 结果/以致➢in that…因为，由于➢In case that/ for fear that/ lest 以防，万一，以免➢Unless…除非…（才）until 直到…才➢Whether…or 不管是…还是…➢as long as 只要even if/though 虽然/即使1).________________（家也许很简陋）, there’s no place like home, wherever he may go.2)._______________（我们一到山顶）than we all sat down to rest.3).______________(既然你很熟悉作者的想法), try reading all the sections as quickly as you possibly can.4).Criticism and self-criticism is necessary _______________(由于他们能帮助我们找出和改正错误)5）Give me your telephone number ________________(以备我需要你的帮助)6）_______________（政府才能有效运行）unless it is free from such interference.7）The substance does not dissolve in water ______________（不管是否加热）8）_____(要不是你们的帮助）,we would not have succeeded.(Humble as it may be) (No sooner had we reached the top of the hill) (Now that you are familiar with the author’s ideas) （in that it helps to find and correct our mistake)（in case I need your help）. (Government cannot operate effectively)(whether (it is) heated or not) ( If it hadn't been for your help)４.名词性从句(主语从句，宾语从句，表语从句及同位语从句）1) In some countries, ______________（所谓的平等）does not really mean equal rights for all people.2) _______________________ （给我印象最深的）were her liveliness and sense of humor. 3）We couldn’t ___（就该怎么办达成一致）4) This is ___ （鲁迅曾经住过的地方）(what is called “equality”) (What impressed me most )(agree on what should be done) (where Lu Xun used to live)５. 定语从句1) A good many proposals were raised by the delegates,________________(正如预料的那样).2)The British are not so familiar with different cultures and other ways of doing things,_____________（正如经常发生在其他国家的情形一样）3) I’m not accustomed to such luxury, _____ (它简直是浪费钱).( as was to be expected) (as is often the case in other countries) (which is just a waste of money )分句关系代词只能用that，而不能用which的主要情况:➢当先行词是all, anything, everything, nothing, something, few, little, much, none, 等不定代词时➢当先行词被序数词(the first, the second) 或形容词最高级所修饰时➢当先行词被the very, the only等词修饰时．➢当先行词是人而且有only, all, any等限定词时，其后用作分句主语的关系代词通常用that (Any boy that wants to succeed must work hard.)６.虚拟语气１）用于以下动词之后的that–分句当中，分句动词用原型或者是should +原型(order, command, demand, insist, maintain, request, require, ask, recommend, propose, suggest, move, desire, etc)２）以下形容词用于It is +adj. +that 结构中，从句动词用原型或者是should +原型(advisable, appropriate, desirable, essential, fundamental, imperative, obligatory, important, necessary, proper, urgent, vital, proper,)3) 用在以下名词之后的that–分句当中，分句动词用原型或者是should +原型（decision, decree(法令，判决)，demand, instruction, order, requirement, resolution, a pity, a shame, no wonder that３）用于宾语从句中wish４）用于某些特定结构中, 如If only；as though/if；It is (high) time that 是时候做某事了（It’s time you went to bed.）would rather+从句--would rather后接句子时，句子谓语习惯上要用虚拟语气，具体用法为：A.一般过去时表示现在或将来的愿望，如－I’d rather you came next Saturday. 我宁愿你下星期六来。
－I’d rather you were happy. 我愿你快乐。
B.用过去完成时表过去的愿望，如－I’d rather you hadn’t said it. 我真希望你没有这样说过。
－I’d rather you hadn’t done that. 我宁愿你没这样做。
1) The professor required that _________________（我们交研究报告）2) It is highly desirable that a new president_________（被任命）for this college.3)Some women ___________________(本来能够挣一份很好的工资) in a job instead of staying home, but they decided not to work for the sake of the family.4) But for his help, I _____________(我不可能这么早完成)5)The victim _____( 本来有机会活下来) if he had been taken to hospital in time .6) It’s time_____________________(采取措施) about the traffic problem downtown.(we hand in our research reports) (be appointed) (could have made a good salary) (would not have finished so early) (would have survived) (something was done/some measures were taken )７.倒装结构１）表示否定或限定意义的词或短语位于句首时a. seldom, rarely, never;b. Hardly/Scarcely when, No sooner than;c. 包含only的状语出现在句首;d.当包含no的短语出现在句首, at no time, under no circumstances, in no way, on no account, on no condition, by no means, etc.２）so, neither, nor引导的句子承前表示同类情况时３）地点状语位于句首，动词是come, lie, stand, walk等1) Not until the game had begun _________（他才到达）the sports around.2) If you won’t agree to our plan,_______________(他们也不会同意).3) He had understood nothing, _____ (也没尝试着去) understand.4) Only after I slapped him on the back ____( 他才发现我并高兴得叫起来).(did he arrive at) (neither will they) (nor did he try to)(did he notice me and shouted with happiness )８.并列成分and, or, nor, but, not …but, both …and…,than, not only …but (also), either …or …, neither …nor …rather than …而不是…（instead of…）[I think I’ll have a cold drink rather than coffee.] other than…(常用于否定句) 除…以外（except）[I’ll be going away in June but other than that I’ll be here all summer. 我会在六月份外出; 除此以外，我整个夏天都在这里。