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不定代词和动词不定式用法小结

不定代词的用法1.代替或修饰不特指的人或事物的代词叫不定代词2.some与any的区别1)some多用于肯定句,表示“一些,几个”,可修饰不可数名词和可数名词的复数形式。

any 多用于疑问句、条件句和否定句中,表示“一些”,可修饰不可数名词和可数名词的复数形式2)在反问句、疑问句中,表示请求、建议和希望对方得到肯定回答时,多用some.Would you like some beer?你要不要来点啤酒吗?Why didn’t you buy some sweets?你怎么没买点糖果?3)any 用于肯定句时,表示是“任何的”Come any day you like.你哪天来都行。

3)some还有表示“某个”的意思I’ll catch up with you some day有一天我会赶上你的。

3.复合不定代词:something(某事), someone(某人), somebody(某人), anything(任何事), anyone(任何人), anybody(任何人), nothing(没事),nobody(没有人), no one(没有人), everything(一切), everyone(每个人), everybody(每个人).A:作主语时,谓语动词用单数。

Is there anything wrong with your watch?”“No, nothing is wrong with itB:修饰复合不定代词的形容词或不定式一定要位于它们的后面。

This is something special. 这是种特别的东西。

Haven’t you got anything to do? 你无事可干吗?C:一般来说,当主语是指人的复合代词,如everybody, nobody, anybody 等时,其反意疑问句后面的主语通常用代词they;当前面句子中的复合代词指物,如everything, something, anything, nothing 等时,其反意疑问句后面的主语通常用代词it。

如:Everyone is here, aren’t they? 人都到了,是吗?Everything is ready, isn’t it? 一切准备好了,是吗?Somebody is waiting for me at the gate, aren’t they? 有人在门口等我,是吗?3.few, a few, little, a little在用法上的区别1)few、little意思是“很少几个”、“几乎没有”,有否定的意思,a few、a little意思是“有几个”、“有些”,有肯定的意思;few、a few修饰可数名词或代替可数的事物, little、a little修饰不可数名词连用或代替不可数的事物。

He is very poor and he has little money. 他很穷,几乎没有什么钱Don’t worry. There is st ill a little time left. 别着急,还有一点儿时间呢In that polar region there live few people. 在那个极地地区几乎不住人You can get a few sweets from him. 你可以从他那儿弄到一些糖果2)a little和little也可以用作副词,a little表示“有点,稍微”,little表示“很少”。

I'm a little hungry.Let him sleep a little.3)quite a few (相当多)only a few (只有几个,几乎没有)4、all和both, either的用法1)all 指三者或三者以上的人或物,用来代替或修饰可数名词或不可数名词。

both指两个人或物,用来代替或修饰可数名词All the food is delicious.所有的食物都很好吃。

Her parents are both doctors.她父母都是医生2)all单独使用时,指代单数,如做主语,谓语动词用单数;指代复数,谓语动词用复数3)采用“all/both + of the +名词”的形式,其中的of 可以省略;如果“all/both + of the +代词”则不可以省略All (of) the boys are naughty.Both of them are studying at the same school4) either::表示“两个中间的任何一个”,做主语,谓语动词用单数,“either...or...”表示或者……或者……在连接并列的名词或代词时,谓语动词与or后面的主语保持一致either作为“也”讲时,要用于否定句中,而too则用于肯定句中。

Either you or I am right.Either of the two boys is clever. 两个男孩都很聪明He doesn't like Beijing opera, I don't like either.5、many和much的用法1)many意思是“很多”,与可数名词复数连用;much意思是“很多”,与不可数名词连用。

I don’t have many friends here .在这里我没有很多的朋友。

Many died in the bus accident. 许多人在公交车祸中丧失2)many和much一般用于否定句,肯定句中通常用a lot of 或者lots of; many / much用于肯定句时可以在前面加上so、very或too.There are a lot of people on the playground. 操场上有许多的人They haven’t got much work to do.他们没有多少事情可做There are too many people in the room. 房间里人太多了6. other,others,the other,the others,anotherother:表示“其他的”,形容词,后面修饰名词的复数形式。

如:Some students are playing basketball, other students are playing tennis..others :表示“其他的”,代词,相当于other +名词,常和some搭配使用。

如: Some students are playing football, others are playing basketball.(others=other students) the other:表示两个人或物中的一个,代词,常与one 连用。

如:There are two apples. One is green, the other is red.the others:表示范围内的另一些(范围总数通常多于两个个),代词There are 40 students in our class, three are American, the others are Chinese. another:表示三者或三者以上的另一个,形容词或代词,后常接名词单数。

如:I have eaten an apple, but I still want another(apple)I have three daughters. One is a nurse, another is a teacher and another is a worker.我有个女儿。

一个是护士,另一个是教师,还有一个是工人。

7. neither, noneneither:A:表示否定,“两者都不”,谓语动词用单数。

B:neither...nor...既不……也不……在连接并列的名词或代词时,谓语动词与nor 后面的主语保持一致。

Neither of his parents helps him 他的父母谁也没帮助他。

Neither the twins nor I am interested Englishnone A:表示三个或三个以上的“都不”,谓语动词可以用单数,也可以用复数。

None of the answers are\is right. 所有的答案都不对。

None of my friends are/is likely to comeB:由How many提问的句子的否定回答中的简略语是None.如:How many books arethere? None.由who提问的句子的否定回答中的简略说法是no one. 如:Who won the game?—No one. 8.one与onesone只能替代单数名词,one的复数形式ones只能替代复数名词。

1. it代替前面提到的同一事物,该事物既可以是可数名词也可以是不可数名词。

The news that they failed their driving test discouraged him, ______?A. did theyB. didn't theyC. did itD. didn't it2. one代替前面提到的同类事物中的一个。

该事物只能是可数名词,前面可以有冠词,也可以被this、that或形容词修饰,其后也可以有定语。

-Why don't we have a little break?-Didn't we just have________?A. itB. thatC. oneD. this3. that代替前面提到的同类事物中特指的一个。

该事物既可以是可数名词也可以是不可数名词,要有后置定语,但不可以有前置修饰语。

Few pleasures can equal ________ of a cool drink on a hot day.A. someB. anyC. thatD. thoseMy child doesn”t like this book.Show her a more interesting one9. every和each用法:A:each可作代词和形容词,而every只能用作形容词。

Every one of us should do housework two hours a day.B:each可指两个或两个以上中间的每一个,而every只可指三个或三个以上中间的每一个。

There are trees on each side of the street.动词不定式用法小结动词不定式是一种非谓语动词形式,其结构为“to+动词原形”,其中to不是介词,而是动词不定式的符号,称为小品词,动词不定式没有人称和数的变化。

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