• 1) 她很会选耳环
• 2）我当然会为你留神那个差使的。 • 3）他们一边开车，一边寻找加油 站。 • 4）他是有病之人，可简明知道这 一点还是嫁给了他。
• 二、注意分清词类 • 英语词和汉语词一样，有时一个词可 以分属几种词类。如 like • 1）Like charges repel; unlike charges attract.
• 1) Plato is dear to me, but dearer still is truth. • 2)Absence makes the heart grow fonder. • 3)The year 1959 saw the first appearance of a real flying ship in the world. That was the hovercraft.
Diction
• 古今中外的文学家和翻译家都十分重视词义的选择。 • 我国唐代诗人贾岛写“鸟宿池边树，僧敲月下门”. • 英国大文豪Joanthan Swift在谈写作时说：“Proper words in proper places make the true definition of a style." (恰当的词放在恰当的位置上就是好文章）同 样，同样的词放在恰当的位置上就是好翻译。 • 一、活用词典，根据上下文选择最佳词义。 • 1）You can never tell what will happen. • 谁也无法预料会发生什么。 • 2）I’m interested in the when and where of the event. • 我对事件发生的时间和地点很感兴趣。
Practice
• Scientific and technological advances are enabling us to comprehend the furthest reaches of the cosmos, the most basic constituents of matter, and the miracle of life. • At the same time, today, the actions, and inaction, of human beings imperil not only life on the planet, but the very life of the planet. • Globalization is making the world smaller, faster and richer. Still, 9/11, avian flu, and Iran remind us that a smaller, faster world is not necessarily a safer world. • Our world is bursting with knowledge - but desperately in need of wisdom. Now, when sound bites are getting shorter, when instant messages crowd out essays, and when individual lives grow more crazy, college graduates capable of deep reflection are what our world needs. • For all these reasons I believed - and I believe even more strongly today - in the unique and irreplaceable mission of universities.
• • • • • • 同性相斥，异性相吸（adj,相同的） 2）Like knows like. 英雄识英雄。（名词） 3）He likes mathematics more than physics. 他喜欢数学甚于喜欢物理。（动词） 4）In the sunbeam passing through the window there are fine grains of dust shining like gold. • 在射入窗内的阳光里，细微的尘埃像金子一般 闪闪发光。（前置词）
• 1) At the first meeting there was a storm. • 2) He is a bull in a china shop, never knowing how to do a thing or what to say in a delicate situation. • 3) From my childhood, my father taught me to separate the sheep from the goats.
• 6) She is jealous of her reputation.
• 7）He was jealous when he discovered that his wife loved another man. • 。
• 6）她很珍惜自己的名誉。 • 7）他发现妻子爱上了别人，心里怒火 中烧
• 5） Never trouble trouble till trouble troubles you.
• 6） The true joy of the joys is the joy that joys in the joy of others.
• 5)烦恼未来莫自忧，待到来时再言愁。 • 6)为他人之乐而乐，才是真正的快乐。
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三、 注意词义的延伸 1）Let the sleeping dogs lie. 不要惹事生非。 2）You will have to keep off her.She's a snake in the grass. 你可要躲着他点，她是个害人精。 3） The wind in one's face makes one wise. 逆境使人聪明。 4）Envy never makes holiday. 人的嫉妒之心永不会平息。 5） He dosen't just write for fun;writing is his bread and butter. 他写作可不是为了取乐。写作是他混饭吃的手段。
Diction
• • • • • • go 1)whose go is it next? 下一个轮到谁了？ 2）He has plenty of go in him. 他有的是精力 3） My mother has been on the go the whole day. • 我母亲忙碌了一天。
常用英汉翻译技巧
词义选择法（diction)
• 英语和汉语一样，一词一义或一义一词的情况很少。 两种语言中都有大量的同义词和近义词；一词多义的 现象十分普遍。而且越是常用词，释义就越多，翻译 时就越难确定词义这些常用词与别的词搭配，又会衍 生出大量的新词语。因而，翻译中如何选择词义就成 了一个十分重要的问题。 • You are such a good man. • It's good money. • He earns good money.
• 3)Our conference did in the end make detailed plans for the invasion. The date was to be June 6,1944. 会议最终确实制定了详细的进攻计划。 时间定在1944年6月4日。 4）He is bright and ambitious. 5) He is bright but ambitious. 他聪明而又有抱负。 他聪明但 • • • last 1）He is the last man to come. 他是最后来的。 2）He is the last man I want to marry. 我绝不会嫁给他。 3）He should be the last(man) to blame. • 怎么也不该怪他。
• 科技进步使我们能够探索宇宙的边陲、物质最基本的 成分及生命的奇迹。 • 与此同时，今天，人类所做的及没能做到的事情，不 仅危害到这个星球上的生命，也危害星球本身的寿命。 • 全球化正在使地球变得愈来愈小。愈来愈快和愈来愈 富有。尽管如此，9.11、禽流感提醒我们，更小更快 的世界未必意味着更安全。 • 我们正处于一个知识爆炸的世界之中—不过，迫切需 要智慧。现在，在（新闻采访的）原声摘要播出变得 愈来愈短、即时信息淘汰了散文、个人生活变得如痴 如狂之际，这个世界还是需要能够深思的大学生。 • 考虑到这些理由，我过去相信—而且今天甚至更加强 烈的深信大学独特的、无可替代的使命。
• 1)第一次开会就出现了轩然大波。 • 2）他很鲁莽，从来不知道如何把一件 事做得恰到好处，也不知道在微妙的场 合该说什么话。 • 3）从孩提时代开始，父亲就叫我分辨 好人和坏人。
• 四、注意词义的褒贬。 • 同汉语一样，英语词也有褒义、贬义和中性 之分。值得注意的是褒义词有时也带有贬义， 贬义词有时也会有褒义。翻译时应根据文章 的背景、作者的立场和上下文确定词义的褒 贬。 • 1）We have mapped out a scheme. • 我们制定了一项计划。 • 2）The enemy's scheme went bankrupt. • 敌人的阴谋破产了。
Diction
• 1) She has an eye for earrings. • 2) Certainly I will give an eye to the job for you. • 3) They drove on with their eyes open for a gas station. • 4) He was a sick man, but Jane married him with her eyes open.