Internal Summaries
Internal Summaries: being
used to review the main
points you have just made. Functions: clarify and reinforce your point, but also can help lead your audience naturally into your next point. 04
Internal Previews
Internal Previews: internal preview outlines the critical points to be made within a section of your speech. Usage of internal previews: often comes after you have transitioned to a new main topic area; often being used together with a transition. 03
Chapter 4 Preparing a Speech—Developing the Body
CONTENT
01 Warm-up Questions
目录
02 Organizing the Main Points
03 Providing Supporting Materials
04 Connectives
Integrating Supporting Materials
• State the main idea • Cite the source of the supporting materials • Present the supporting material • State the main idea again
Connectives
Signposts
Signposts: brief statements that tell your audience where you are in your speech.
Transitions
Transitions: words or phrases that mark the end of one thought or idea and move the speaker into another
05
Exercises
Warm-up Questions
A
1. What do you think is the major difference as as well as similarity between writing the body of of a speech and an essay?
B
2. What do you think is the most important factor in body writing, language, structure, or logic?
Organizing the Main Points
Deciding the Number of Main Points
Selecting Supporting Materials
• Number of materials • Types of supporting materials: examples; statistics; testimony of experts or peers • General rules: pertinence;variety; appropriateness
2) What are the most commonly used connectives? How important do you think are they to your speech?
Exercise 2
Each group member is required to work out the main points
thought or idea.
Place: generally at the start of paragraphs Types of transitions: transitions between similar ideas or contrasting
Types of signposts: numbers; questions; phrases.
ቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱ
Two to five main points
Main Points
Strategic Order of Main Points
Chronological order
Causal order Problemsolution order Topical order
Providing Supporting Materials
of his or her speech, choose the supporting materials, and finish the first speech draft. Then exchange the draft with another member of the same group for revision advices. Each member is to revise the draft thereafter in reference to his or her partner’s suggestions or questions.
01
ideas; transitions to elaborate on an
idea; show cause-effect relationship
02
Exercises
Exercise 1
1) What are the main types of supporting materials? What guidelines should be followed in selecting supporting materials?