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色彩文化
红： 红运 good luck 红利 dividend 红榜 honor roll 红茶 black tea 红糖 brown sugar 红豆love pea a red battle 血战 red ruin 火灾 red sky 彩霞 眼红 Jealous 黄： 黄色书刊blue books and periodicals 黄色影片blue film, pornographic film 黑： 黑心Evil mind黑手 evil backstage manipulator 黑线 a sinister line 黑幕 inside story of a plot
9 遗憾的是，一些城市谣传开征物业税都是“光打雷，不下 雨”，物业税继续空转，公众只能焦虑。 Regrettably, rumors went about that a number of cities would begin to impose property tax but they only baked without biting, for no such tax has ever being levied so far and the public can do nothing but show concerns. 10 我们现在是万事具备，只欠东风，只要电一来， 马上就可 以生产了。 11 付之东流 12 现在的副系主任，当年曾亲手送别死者，如今却不知该怎样 抚慰生者。他为手下的一头头“老黄牛”的处境而发愁，却 无计可施。 The vice dean in office, who attended the funeral, does not know how to console the living now. He is worried about the conditions of the hard working men under him, but can do nothing.
译文欣赏
心理文化与汉英翻译
今天饭菜不好，请多包涵。来，先干上一倍。 These are the best dishes we „re able to prepare. Please make yourself at home. Now , everyone, cheers！ 15 水平有限，时间仓促，书中错误在所难免，敬请读者批评指正。 a. Suggestions and comments for improvement will be gracefully received. b. We are looking forward to suggestions and comments for improvement from our users. 16 花园里面是人间的乐园，有的是吃不完的大米白面，穿不完的绫罗绸 缎，花不完的金银财宝。 The garden was a paradise on earth, with more food and clothes than could be consumed and more money than could be spended.
Cultural context and word translation 文化语境与词语的翻译
教学目标：在汉译英中注意词语的文化含义及表达
1 今晚公司总经理将设宴为您洗尘，请您携带家人一起光临。 a. Our managing director will host a reception banquet to wash your journey dust off tonight, and we would like you and your family to come. b. Our managing director wionor tonight, and we would like you and your family to come the dinner. 2 你路上辛苦了。 Do you have a nice journey? Do you enjoy your journey? 3 以外贸企业为龙头。 with foreign trade enterprises as the dragon head 改译： 4 但现在他觉得舌头好像不听话了。 but now he felt that his tongue did not obey his order. 改译：
13 有一个污染环境的“马后炮”，对于政府的 “补救措施”，多数群众并不满意。 Another umbrella offered after the rain! Most people are dissatisfied with the government‟s “remedial measures” after the environment has been polluted.

称谓文化
臣罪该万死，不当以此扰乱天心，然而臣若为了私交，只 知隐恶扬善，则又不 忠义。 Your subject deserves to die ten thousand deaths for disturbing the celestial heart like this; yet if I were to conceal a man‟s faults because of personal friendship I would be lacing in loyalty and righteousness. 18 字，号 林语堂在《当代汉英词典》中对“字”的解释： （1）a courtesy name by which a person is addressed by his friends;(2) literary name. “号”为士大夫和文人墨客的自称，以委婉曲折含蓄幽默的 方式，表达自号者超凡脱俗潜然物外的情趣志向。取号方 式皆由文人士大夫的性情爱好极其居住环境而定。 字， courtesy name。号 literary name.
5 必须始终不渝地坚持精神文明和经济建设两手抓，两手都要 硬的方针。 6 只有当双方谈话投机，希望继续交往时，才会主动掏出名片。 二话不说先递名片反倒有些勉强。 Only when they are both interested in their talk and desire to continue their friendship, will they exchange their visiting cards. It will seem somewhat improper to present one‟s visiting card before any real conversation gets under way. 7 他暗暗下决心：一定要重新做人。 a .He made up his mind to be a new man. b .He made up his mind to turn a leaf in his life. 8 我们提倡群言堂，反对一言堂，。 We advocate “letting all have a say” and oppose the practice of “what I say goes”。