题型组合练(九)Ⅰ.七选五(2018·山西孝义一模)It can be truly terrifying to fall through ice on a frozen lake. 1 In fact，there is more time to help you survive than you think.As you first hit the freezing water，you will almost breathe quickly at once.Remember to get control of your breathing and not to move around. 2 This means that it takes about one minute to gain control of your breathing，ten minutes to move before you get too cold.The final one is to remind you that it will take one hour before you become unconscious.Take that first minute and fully focus on your breathing.Slow it down，and then look around to see if you can locate the thickest area of ice.When you locate the ice，stretch your arms over the surface，and then begin to flutter-kick(上下打水) until your body becomes horizontal with the surface. 3It is possible that you can live for several hours after passing out.This，however，does require some planning.You only have about 10 minutes before your muscles and nerves become too cold to work.Besides，what if you feel too weak to go on and you cannot get out？ 4 The point is to encourage your coat to freeze to the ice，so that if you lose consciousness，you will keep your head out of ice. 5A．It can help to remember the “1－10－1 principle”．B．However，if you remain calm，it can save your life.C．Remove any clothing or heavy objects that are weighting you down.D．Thus you will remain visible for rescue，even if you pass out.E．Kick hard and use your arms and hands to climb out of the water.F．Remember that you should always stay off ice that’s only 3 inches.G．Place your arms over the surface of the ice and remain still.语篇解读本文主要介绍了在结冰的湖面上掉进冰里如何自救。
1．答案 B解+析由前句的terrifying和后句的help you survive可知此处为转折关系。
故选B。
2．答案 A解+析此空与后两句“This means that it takes about one minute to gain control of your breathing，ten minutes to move before you get too cold.The final one is to remind you that it willtake one hour before you become unconscious.”形成概念与解释关系，后两句解释了“1－10－1法则”。
故选A。
3．答案 E解+析根据原文，落水后你有一分钟时间确定位置，那下一步一定是想办法如何爬出水面。
故选E。
4．答案G解+析此空是对上一句问题的解答。
没有力气爬出来怎么办，那应该让自己的胳膊支撑在冰面上，并保持不动。
故选G。
5．答案 D解+析上一句说解救自己的关键是让自己的衣服与冰冻在一起，目的在于自己失去意识前能够将头部露出冰面，这样就能够被他人发现，以得到解救。
故选D。
Ⅱ.语法填空(2018·宁夏吴忠高考模拟)The ancient Chinese divided the sun’s annual circular movement into 24 parts.Each part was called 6 specific “Solar Term(节气)”．The criteria for the formation of Twenty-four Solar Terms were developed through the observation of changes of seasons，astronomy and other natural 7 (phenomenon) in this region and have been progressively applied nationwide.It 8 (start) from the Beginning of Spring and ends with the Greater Cold，9 (move) in cycles.The theory spreads from generation to generation and is 10 (traditional) used to direct production and daily routines.It，in particular，remains 11 (importance) to farmers for guiding their practices 12 is used widely by communities and shared by many racial groups in China.Some festivals in China are closely associated 13 the solar term.It may also be referenced in children’s songs，folk songs and old sayings.These various functions of the solar term have strengthened 14 (it) position as a form of intangible cultural heritage(非物质文化遗产) and have made a great 15 (contribute) to the community’s cultural identity.6．答案 a解+析考查冠词。
Solar Term为可数名词，故前用不定冠词a。
7．答案phenomena解+析考查名词单复数。
名词phenomenon是可数名词，根据其前的other，可知用复数形式。
8．答案starts解+析考查时态。
因为是自然现象，故用一般现在时。
故填starts。
9．答案moving解+析考查非谓语动词。
这里考查现在分词短语作状语。
故填moving。
10．答案traditionally解+析考查副词。
修饰过去分词used，用副词。
故填traditionally。
11．答案important解+析考查形容词。
因为remain是系动词，后接形容词。
故填important。
12．答案and解+析考查连词。
前后句是并列关系，故用连词and。
13．答案with解+析考查短语固定搭配。
be associated with与……有关。
故填with。
14．答案its解+析考查代词。
修饰名词position，用it的形容词性物主代词its。
15．答案contribution解+析考查名词。
make a great contribution to对……作出巨大的贡献。
故填contribution。
Ⅲ.短文改错(2018·甘肃兰州第二次实战考试)Yesterday we went to Happiness Nursing House to help the old people.We set out earlier in the morning and brought them lots of gift.When we arrived，we were warmly welcome by them.First we introduced myself.Then we made dumplings together with the old，talking and laugh.After lunch，we performed and sang songs with them happy.Finally all the old people say goodbye to us at the gate.We were very happy because of we did a good deed.I think necessary for us teenagers to learn what to respect and take care of others，especially，the old.答案Yesterday we went to Happiness Nursing House to help the old people.We set out earlier early inthe morning and brought them lots of giftgifts.When we arrived，we were warmlywelcomewelcomed bythem.First we introduced myself ourselves.Then we made dumplings together with the old ，talking and laugh laughing .After lunch ，we performed and sang songs with them happy happily.Finally all the old people say saidgoodbye to us at the gate.We were very happy because of\ we did a good deed.I think ∧it necessary for us teenagers to learn what 或what howto respect and take care of others ，especially ，the old.Ⅳ.书面表达(2018·四川乐山二模)假定你是李华，刚到美国Peta School 作交换学生(exchange student)。