语法专题主谓一致I、重点难点解析主谓一致的高考命题导向考点主要分布在：语法结构对主谓一致的影响；充当主语的词汇意义对主谓一致的影响；复合句中的主谓一致等。
主谓一致是指主语和谓语要保持人称和数上的一致，主语的“人称”和“数”决定谓语动词的变化。
一主谓一致原则一览表1.不定式、动名词、从句作主语，用单数Going to a British high school (be) an unforgettable experience.What he said (be) true.2.Either, neither, each, the other, another, anyone, anybody, someone, somebody, something, everything, nobody, nothing作主语用单数Nothing (be) impossible.Everything (be) possible.3.主语后有with, together with, as well as, along with, like, as, except, but, more than, rather than , other than, no lessthan 等词或短语时,谓语动词与主语一致。
A library with five thousand books (be) offered to the nation as a gift.The monitor as well as his classmates (be) given a reward for working hard yesterday.4.and 连接的并列主语(1)由and 连接的两个不同概念的名词作主语时，动词要用复数：Both you and I (be) going to attend the meeting.但是如果指一个事物用单数bread and butterknife and fork（2）有each, every, many a , no 修饰并列主语，用单数Each woman and each man (have) a chance to win.Every boy and every girl （know）that each day and each hour brings its duty.(3) and 连接的两个名词只有一个冠词用单数，有两个冠词用复数The professor and the write (be) visiting our school now.A singer and dancer (be) visiting our school now.(4).从句，不定式等由and 连接做主语,完整式用复数,缩略式用单数What he said and what he did agree.What I say and do (be) my own business.When and where to build the new factory been decided yet.5.以S 结尾的词常用复数的情况: trousers, belongings, possessions, scissors 等牛津必修三 Unit3 Grammar 导学案设计(主谓一致学案设计) 但是有些词是单复同形的，如means, series, speciesA series of accidents (happen) every year.The glass works (be) set up in 1980.Every means been tried.All means been tried.6.许多的表达只能加不可数名词：deal 和amount , 且amounts 修饰用复数只能加可数名词：number,many a(单),a good many（复），more than one（单），more(复)than onea number of...谓语动词复数the number of...谓语动词单数可数不可数均可：quantity, variety（和名词一致），quantities, varieties 后用复数As a result of destroying the forests, a large quantity of desert (have) covered the land.As you can see, the number of cars on roads (keep) rising these days.It is reported that many a new house (be) being built at present in the disaster area.7.定语从句one of … 用复数，the only one of …用单数He is one of the students who (be) late.He is the only one of the students who (be) late.三、意义一致1.时间、金钱、重量、距离等复数名词当整体看600 miles (be) a long distance.20 years (be) only a short span in human life.2.以“S”结尾的学科名，杂志名，地名等用单数New York Times (be) popular.Politics (be) one of the hardest.3.集体名词family, crew, population, team, class 等表示集体概念用单数，表示具体的人用复数people, police, cattle,用复数（注意：a people 表示民族）The whole family (be)watching TV now.Family (be)more important than work.What (be) the population of China?4.有kind, pair type，则与kind，pair, type 一致This pair of glasses (be) yours.These two pairs of glasses (be) yours.5.the rest, most, half, all, a lot of, some,百分比，分数加名词，谓语动词与名词一致The rest of the students (be) in the classroom.Two thirds of the water (be) polluted.四、就近一致1．there be 句型There (be) a pen, a knife and several books on the desk.2.either… or，neither… nor，not only…but also, not …but, whether…orEither you or she (be) to go. 不是你去，就是她去。
3.由here, there 引导的倒装句Here (be) a pen, a few envelops and some paper for you. 给你笔、信封和纸一、用所给单词的正确形式填空1．(2019·甘肃兰州一中月考)Each student (learn) a foreign language, mostly English, from Day One of their compulsory education.2．(2019·湖南益阳箴言中学模拟)He has donated some money to those who live in poverty, which (be) of great help.3．(2019·四川部分名校联测)At the foot of the mountain (lie) an old village which has a beautiful view.4 ．(2019·湖北八校第一次联考)The publication of Great Expectations, which (be) both widely reviewed and highly praised, strengthened Dickens’ status as a leading novelist.5．(2019·浙江金丽衢十二校联考)She took the lift to the eleventh floor, and the secretary showed her where her desk and her computer (be)．6 ．(2019·吉林长春外国语学校质检)What they need most (be) money while what we need most (be) textbooks.7 ．(2019·湖南怀化一模)More than one doctor (be) involved in the rescue that took place after the earthquake.8．(2019·湖南师大附中月考)Professor James will give us a lecture on Western culture, and he as well as his assistants (be) to arrive by air.9．(2019·河南部分重点中学联考)A survey of the opinions of experts (show)that three hours of outdoor exercise a week (be) good for one’s health.10．(2019·河北武邑中学第二次调研)There (be) a dog and three ducks in the yard, in the middle of which (be) two tall trees with great shade.二、语法填空People release balloons for special occasions like memorial services and grand openings. It is fun and exciting. But it really causes great destruction to the environment and threatens the 1. (life) of our wildlife.When a balloon 2. (fly) into the sky, it doesn’t end up 3. (stay) there. It eventually bursts and returns to the earth as ugly litter. Balloons can even travel thousands of miles and pollute the most remote and pure places. More 4. (sad), they can present a threat to many animals. Birds, whales, turtles and other animals often mistake balloons 5. food, which can do damage to them because balloons contain 6. (harm) chemicals. Balloons even kill animals. When an animal swallows a balloon, it can block its intestinal tract(肠道) resulting in starvation.Part of the reason why releasing balloons 7. (permit) in so many places is that some balloons do break down eventually. However, it takes about four years 8. (break) down completely.Watching hundreds of balloons slowly going up into the sky might give you a five-second thrill, 9. is it worth a bunch of dead animals and so many places full of rubbish? Absolutely not. 10. we should do is get creative and come up with alternative ways to celebrate.三、阅读理解C“Ready?”“Ready.”“Now?”“Soon.”“Do the scientists really know? Will it happen today, will it?”“Look, look; see for yourself!”It rained.It had been raining for seven years; thousands upon thousands of days filled from one end to the other with rain, with the drum of water, with the sweet crystal fall of showers and the continuous storms so heavy that huge waves over the islands. A thousand forests had been destroyed under the rain and grown up a thousand times to be destroyed again. And this was the way life was forever on the planet Venus, and this was the schoolroom of the children of the rocket men and women who had come to a raining world to set up civilization (文明) and live out their lives.“It’s stopping, it’s stopping!”“Yes, yes!”Margot stood apart from them, from these children who could never remember a time when there wasn’t rain and rain and rain. They were all nine years old, and if there had been a day, seven years ago, when the sun came out for an hour and showed its face to the stunned world, they could not remember.Sometimes, at night, she heard them stir, in remembrance, and she knew they were dreaming and remembering gold or a yellow crayon or a coin large enough to buy the world with. She knew they thought they remembered a warmness, like a blushing in the face, in the body, in the arms and legs and trembling hands. But then they always awoke to the endless shaking down of clear bead (珠子) necklaces upon the roof, the walk, the gardens, the forests, and their dreams were gone.Now the rain was getting lighter, and the children were crushed in the great thick windows.Margot stood alone. She was a very frail girl who looked as if she had been lost in the rain for years and the rain had washed out the blue from her eyes and the red from her mouth and the yellow from her hair. Now she stood, separate, staring at the rain and the loud wet world beyond the huge glass.“What’re you looking at?” said William.Margot said nothing.“Speak when you’re spoken to.” He gave her a shove (推搡). But she did not move; rather she let herself be moved only by him and nothing else.They edged away from her, they would not look at her. She felt them go away. And this was because she would play no games with them in the echoing tunnels of the underground city. If they tagged her and ran, she stood after them and did not follow. When the class sang songs about happiness and life and games her lips barely moved. Only when they sang about the sun and the summer did her lips move as she watched the windows.And then, of course, the biggest crime of all was that she had come here only five years ago from Earth, and she remembered the sun and the way the sun was and the sky was when she was four in Ohio. And they, they had been on Venus all their lives, and they had been only two years old when last the sun came out and had long since forgotten the color and heat of it and the way it really was. But Margot remembered.1.By “a coin large enough to buy the world with”, the author suggest .A.the coin used on VenusB. a child’s colored pencilC. the high price of VenusD. a child’s drawing of the sun2.The children disliked Margot mainly because she .A.was older than they wereB. liked the continuous rainC. knew what the sun look likeD. had brought the rain with her3.The underlined phrase “Margot stood apart from them” suggest s she stayed away from them. All the following sentences suggest the same thing EXCEPT “”.A.she felt them go away.B. Her lips hardly moved.C. she stood after them and did not follow.D. she would play no games with them.4.Which of the following can be the best title of the text?A.Margot RememberedB. The RainC. The OutsiderD. The Sun Never Comes主谓一致学案答案语法一致1.is is2. is is3. is was4. are has knows are is don’t is hasn’t5. happens was has have6. has keeps is7. are is意义一致1.is is2. is is3. are is is 4 is are 5. are is就近一致is is is热身训练：一、用所给单词的正确形式填空1.learns 解析：主语是each student，故谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。