语法详解：
所谓主谓一致是指主语和谓语动词之间,即主语的人称和单复数形式决定着谓语动词对应的形式。
主谓一致主要有以下几种情况：
1. and连接两个或两个以上词作主语的时候, 几种情况：
(1)如果指两个或两个以上不同的人或事物的时候,谓语动词用复数。
如：
He and I are both students of this school.
(2) 但如果连接两个以上的名词指的是同一个人或物, 或者指同一概念的时候, 谓语要用单数。
The knife and fork is on the table.
(Fish and chips, whisky and soda)
The singer and dancer is going to give us a performance.
(3) each, every, no
Every boy and every girl has their own strengths and shortcomings.
1. 集体名词作主语, 动词可用单数, 也可以用复数。
主要由句子的意思决定。
强调整体谓语动词用单数；指全体人员时, 动词则用复数。
这一类常见的集合名词有public, family, class, crowd, population, team, group。
His family is going out. 他们全家要外出。
His family are all music lovers. 他们全家人都是音乐爱好者。
2. 某些名词如people, police, cattle等,形式上是单数, 但意义上是复数, 谓语动词应用复数。
people指“民族”时是例外。
The police are searching for a thief.
The cattle are eating grass on the hill.
3. 注意那些单复同形的词
Deer, sheep, fish, goldfish
Means, works, species, series
His latest works was considered a joke.
His works include plays and poems
4. 用复数
Savings, belongings, earnings, surroundings
Arms, ashes, contents, compasses, remains, scales,
Suburbs, outskirts
Scissors, clothes, trousers, glasses, stockings
Wages, riches
Sales
某些名词如clothes, trousers, shoes, glasses等, 通常只用其复数形式, 但当它们被a pair of 修饰时, 谓语动词用单数。
如:
The pair of shoes is worn out.
The shoes are worn out.
某些名词以s结尾如maths, politics, physics, economics, gymnastics, statistics, news, plastics 等，谓语动词应用单数。
Pholitics is a very interesting subject. （学科）
Her politics are neither conservative nor liberal. (政治观点）
如果主语是不定式, 动词ing形式或主语从句的时候,谓语动词用单数。
What he is doing seems very important.
●What we need are doctors.
●What I say and do are none of your business.
定语从句的关系代词who, which, that在从句中作主语时，要与先行词的人称和数保持一致。
Those who enjoy singing may join us.
Tom, who is your friend, should help you.
代词作主语，根据所指内容
•Such, the same,
Such is our plan.
Such are our plans。
●who, what, which
Who is/are talking there?
●Either, each, much
both, several, a few, many
neither, none
some, half, any, all, a lot
分数，百分数等在主语部分时
•由其后面的名词决定动词单复数
Three-fifth of the cars are imported from Europe.
Three-fifth of the crude oil is imported from …
Five percent of .. Half of …
The rest of…. A part of…
Masses of/ the mass of… Heaps of….
One- third of …
就近原则
1.either ... or; neither ... nor; not only ... but also, whether...or, there be
谓语动词要和就近的主语保持一致。
Neither you nor I am wrong.
There is a cup of tea and some apples
on the table.
Not only the students but also the principal wishes for a holiday.
Not only the students but also the teachers and the principal wish for a holiday.
随主语的变化
Mary, like many girls, loves dancing.
No one except (but) me knows about it.
All the students, including Tom, are leaving.
The teacher, together with his students, is planting trees in the street.
with, along with, together with,
as well as, besides, like, without, including, in addition to, accompanied by, unlike, among except, but
many a, more than one
Many a boy has seen it.
2. one and a half 后, 名词要用复数形式, 谓语动词用单数形式。
One and a half bananas is left on the table.
书刊名、时间、距离、价格、度量衡等的复数名词作主语时, 谓语动词常用单数。
Thirty years is not a long time.
Roots is a famous American novel.
以a number of 作主语时, 谓语动词用复数; 以the number of 作主语事, 谓语动词用单数。
A number of new books are on the desk.
The number of students in you class is 50.
5. A (large) quantity of
A large quantity of people are needed here.
A large quantity of oil is needed here.
Large quantities of people/oil are needed here
The quantity of ?
A large amount of (A great deal of) damage was done in a very short time.
Large amounts of money were spent on the bridge.
The amount of …?。