谓语动词: 有提示词, 句子缺谓语(与主语构成主谓结构)I. I _______ (tell) by my classmates about that.2. My mother often __________ (stop) me from watching TV.时态语态变化, 及主谓一致非谓语动词(主动---doing , 被动---done, 目的/结果/将要to do ,)1. We must also consider the reaction of the person __________ (receive) the gift.2. My pupils, Tom__________ (include), liked her.1. He entered, ________ (hold) a book in his hand.2. He entered the room and _______ (hold) a book in his hand.3. I politely refused her invitation and _____ (walk) away.4. I politely refused her invitation, ______ (walk) away.两个动词是同时发生的时候主语+ 谓语1 + and / but + 谓语2主语+ 谓语，+非谓语1. When he _______ (come) in, I was reading a book.2. Unless I ________ (invite), I won’t attend he party.3. When _____ (hear) the news, I was excited.4. Unless ____ (invite), I won’t attend he party.--- When / if / unless / /After/Before 等连词后没有主语+非谓语（--- ing /---ed ) , 主句---When / if / unless / /After /Before等连词+ 主语+ 谓语，主句1. A boy ________( call ) Jack came here today2. A boy who ________( call ) Jack came here today3. We enjoy the movie _________ (direct) by a world famous artist.4. We enjoy the movie which_________ (direct) by the world famous artist.名词后没关系词时+ 非谓语, 非谓语动词修饰前面的名词做定语名词后有关系词时+谓语，做定语从句中的谓语1.“You can’t catch me!” Jan et shouted, _______ (run) away.2.He said thanks and ____ (smile) a row of teeth.3.When first ___________ (introduce) to the market, these products enjoyed great success.4.When he_______( arrive ) at the corner , he met his friend.5.________ ( sleep ) late, he turned off the alarm clock.6.Don’t use words, expressions, or phrases _______(know) only to people with specificknowledge.[例1] I got on the bus and found a seat near the back, and then I noticed a man 18 (sit) at the front. （2011广东卷）[例2] He spit it out, __37___(say) it was awful. （2010广东卷）[例3]The fact that so many people still smoke in public places _______ that we may need a nationwide campaign to raise awareness of the risks of smoking.A. suggestB. suggestsC. suggestedD. suggestingturn1. If you _____to the left, you'll find the post office.2. _____ to the left, and you'll find the post office.3. to the left , you'll find the post office .[例4] She wished that he was as easy 32 (please)as her mother，who was always delighted with perfume．（2009广东卷）see（1）_______ from the top of the hill, our house looks like a car.（2）_______ the dog come over, our friend ran away.（3）_______ from the top of a hill, and you’ ll find the city more beautiful.（4）_______ more clearly, they came up and got close to it.1. When ____________ different cultures, we often pay attention only to the differences without noticing the similarities.2.__________ with other top students, you are better.discuss（1）The question _________________now at the meeting is very important.（2）The question ________ at the meeting last week is very important.（3）The question __________________ at the meeting next week is very important.1._____many times, but he still couldn't understand it.2. _____many times, he still couldn't understand it.A. Having been toldB. ToldC. He was toldD. To be told1.He is the best one ______ (do) the job.2.He was considered the first man _______________ (invent) the telephone.动词不定式的动作先于谓语动词的动作而发生用to have done1. in thought, he almost ran into the car in front of him. (lose)2. of playing football, he went back to the classroom. (tire)3. with difficulty, he rushed forward bravely. (face)有些过去分词源于系表结果，分词已经形容词化，相当于形容词be lost in; be interested in; be tired of; be satisfied with ; be excited about; be faced with; be dressed in；be seated1.He hurried to the booking office，only _____________ (tell) that all the tickets had beensold out.to do表示结果—表示出人预料的情况或结果, 常用only强调。
2.European football is played in 80 countries, ____________ (make) it the most popular sportin the world.分词表示结果包含着一种必然发生的结果。
His father died last year, (leave) him a large fortune.1. The flowers sweet in the garden attract the visitors to the beauty of nature.A. to smellB. smellingC. smeltD. to be smelt“闻起来很香”用来作定语修饰主语flowers。
感官动词没有被动。
v-ing作状语的分类☆一般来说，v-ing形式表示主动、进行；过去分词表示被动、完成。
☆-ing形式作状语，可以表示时间、原因、结果、条件、让步、行为方式、伴随状况等。
▲doing sth.作时间状语：﹡(see) my parents waving in the crowd，I went running to them.﹡(cross) the road, the old man was knocked over by a car.=When he (cross) the road, the old man was knocked over by a car.﹡When (hear) the news, he got frightened.= When he (hear) the news, he got frightened.﹡Having eaten his dinner, the boy (rush) out.﹡(hear) their teacher's voice, the pupils stopped talking at once.﹡(not receive) his letter, I decided to write another letter.▲doing sth.作原因状语：(be) a teacher，you should help your students in every way.(be) poor, he couldn’t afford a TV set.(not know) her address, I can't write to her.(live) with the girl for 5 years, we all know her very well.(eat) too much, he couldn’t go to sleep.▲doing sth.作结果状语：﹡There is mud and water everywhere, (make) it difficult to travel from place to place. 现在分词作结果状语表示一种必然性（自然结果）。