Unit 5Language StructureMain Teaching Points: Sentence of unreal conditions:1.related to something being done at presente.g. If you were taking a short course in computer science, you’d be learning computer programming fast.2. with the connective unlesse.g. Lu wouldn’t sing the English songs unles s she had learned them properly.3. with connective supposinge.g. Supposing the price were lowered, then Sue would certainly buy the fur coat.4. with the connective otherwisee.g. Bob didn’t work hard. Otherwise he wouldn’t have been sacked.5. in the if it hadn’t been for… patterne.g. If it hadn’t been for the sports meeting, I would have come to the video show.Dialogue Save Our HeritageA. Listening to the recordingB. Questions on specific details1. What happened to the Drum Tower and the Buddhist Temple?2. What’s the fate of the 1000-year-old corridor and the tombstone of a member of the Tang court?3. What do A and B think the government should do about the people who damage ancient monuments?4. What is your opinion about the preservation of historical monuments?C. Language Points1. legendary a. very famous and celebrated in many stories传奇的，有名的；celebrated in fable or legend传说中的e.g. 1) Heracles is a lendary Greek hero.2) Her enormous appetite is legendary in our company.她的胃口之大在我们公司是出了名的。

2. drown v. die in water because one is unable to breathe淹死；flood or drench sth.淹没，盖过e.g. 1) The flood drowned the whole village.2) The desperate woman drowned herself in the river.绝望的女人投河自杀了。

3）The teacher’s voice was drowned out by the noise outside.外面很吵，把老师的声音都盖过了。

3. precinct n. （由建筑物或围墙围成的）场地；周围区域；选举区，警区e.g. 1) It’s a shame to see so many buildings inside the temple’s precincts.寺庙周围建了这么多现代建筑，这真让人感到羞愧。

2）It is very common in the precincts of a college.在大学校园里这样的事情司空见惯。

3）This block will be rebuilt into a shopping precincts.这一街区将改造成一个商业区。

4. refined a.精炼的，精制的；polite, having good manners and good taste 有教养的，举止文明的refine v.净化；精炼，使文雅unrefined a.不文雅的，庸俗的refined gold 纯金refined manners 文雅的举止近义词：purified 精炼的；cultivated 有教养的civilized 文明的，有礼的elegant 优雅的，端庄的urbane 文雅的，有礼貌的polished 优雅的，有教养的e.g. 1) We should not eat too much refined foods such as sugar and white flour.我们不应该吃太多经过精加工的食品，如糖和白面。

2）The story was told in a refined language. 这则故事的语言非常优美。

3）A refined young woman shall never laugh in that way.一位娴静的淑女不该那么笑。

5. crude a. natural or unrefined 天然的，未加工的；rough；not wellfinished 粗糙简陋的；coarse粗鲁的crude oil原油crude facts 赤裸裸的事实a crude notion 不成熟的想法e.g. 1) The Middle East is well-known for the production of crude oil.中东以盛产原油著称。

2）He made a crude sketch for the lake but forgot to paint it.他把湖面画成一张简略的草图，但是忘了着色。

3）He’s good at telling crude jokes.他擅长于讲粗俗的笑话。

6. ravage v. destroy; damage badly 毁坏；rob and plunder with violence 蹂躏，劫掠；n. (pl.) destructive effect of sth.; damage done by sth.毁坏的结果e.g. 1) Sandstorms are the revages of deforestation on the hills. 沙尘暴实滥伐山林的恶果。

2）The country has been revaged by civil war and foreign intervention.国家遭到了内忧外患的双重蹂躏。

7. ignorance n lack of knowledge of information 无知；不知道e.g. 1) He is in complete ignorance of history. 他对历史一无所知。

2) Ignorance is the mother of fear. 无知是恐惧的根源。

3）She ignored criticism about hr new book. 她无视人们对她新书的批评。

8. counteract v. act against and reduce the force or effect of sth.抵消，中和；抵制counter(相反的)+act(行动)=反着做=抵消，对抗counterattack 反攻counterbalance 使平衡，抵消counterpart 相对应的人物等counterdrug 解瘾药；起反作用的药e.g. 1) This herb can be used to counteract the effects of poison. 这种药草可以解毒。

2）It is doubted whether we should deliberately intervene in the climate system to counteract global warming. 有人质疑，人类是否应该刻意介入气候系统以抵制全球变暖。

9. vicious a. 恶意的，恶毒的；凶恶的，残忍的；（指动物）危险的vice n. 邪恶，恶行be vicious about sb. 对某人有恶意a vicious kick/look/remark 恶狠狠地踢了一脚/样子/言语a vicious wind/headache/flu-virus极厉害的大风/头痛/流感病毒a vicious circle 恶性循环——a virtuous circle 良性循环e.g. 1) The author received lots of vicious letters from all over Britain.作者收到了英国各地的恶毒的来信。

2）The vicious killer has committed a series of murders.这名凶残的杀手已经实施了多起谋杀案。

3）The word “shrew”is taken from the name of a small but especially vicious animal. “泼妇”一词来源于一种体型虽小但非常凶残的动物的名字。

4）Greed and envy are terrible human vices. 贪婪和嫉妒是人性的罪恶。

10. fortune n. destiny 命运；chance, luck 运气；large amount of money 财富e.g. 1) He that hath wife and children hath given hostages to fortunes; for they are impediments to great enterprises, either of virture or mischief.(Francis Bacon, Essays) 有妻儿之人已向命运之神交了抵押品，因为妻儿是事业的阻挠，无论是善举还是恶行。

2）It is a truth universally acknowledged that a single man in possession of a good fortune must be in want of a wife.(Jane Austen, Pride and Prejudice)凡是有钱的单身汉，总想娶位太太，这是举世公认的真理。