❖ Definition
the use of chemicals to achieve a desired fabric propweovretny
❖Treatment objects
yarn
garment
❖ Durablility
Finished
Durable or non-durable objectives
2.7 Engraved roll applicator.
2.8 Spray applicator.
2.10 Two side foam applicators.
2.9 One side foam applicators.
2.11 Foam slot applicator.
2.2.5 Application of finishes to garments
➢ sleeping bags ➢ Curtains ➢ floor coverings ➢ Luggage ➢ Sails ➢ mattress ticking ➢ flexible fuel tanks ➢ abrasive products ➢ Awnings ➢ filter fabrics ➢ Geotextiles ➢ hoses ➢ and many others.
2.2 Vacuum extraction system.
2.3 Machnozzle system.
2.4 Kiss roll applicator.
2.6 Triatex MA (minimum application) system.
2.5 Loop transfer applicators.
2.2.3 Pad application of chemicals to wet fabric
‘wet-on-wet’
2.2.4 Low wet pickup methods
Typical pad with wet pickups ：70–100 %
disadvantages
high pickups
vaporisation by thermal means
heat transfer mechanisms
• Conduction methods • Convection methods • Radiation
2.12 Steam heated drying cylinders.
2.13 Tenter frame
2.16 Knife over roll coater.
焰热乳胶法粘合加工示意图 1-泡沫薄膜卷 2-底布 3-火口 4-焰热防护板
5-粘合织物 6-传送带
毛毯式层压机结构示意图 1-层压辊 2-加压辊 3-无接头毛毯 4-底布 5-热塑性薄膜 6-层压成
品
2
outline
2.1 Introduction 2.2 Application of chemical finishes 2.3 Drying wet textiles 2.4 Curing chemical finishes 2.5 Coating and laminating
2.1 Introduction
2.2.2 Pad application of chemicals to dry fabric
Wet on dry Wet on wet
“湿罩湿”
Chemical finishes
pad
wet pickup
∆ fabric characteristics ∆ machine settings ∆ solution or emulsion
exhaustible finishes (softeners, antimicrobials, ultra violet (UV) absorbers, and so on), which are added to the bath of the garment processing machine after all other garment wet processing steps have been completed.
non-exhaustible finish easy care finish
2.3 Drying wet textiles
mechanical means such as squeezing, centrifugation or vacuum extraction.
➢Water in a wet textile
finish migration uneven finish distribution
‘critical application value’ (CAV)
➢Cellulosic fibres: 35–40 % wet pickup ➢Hydrophobic fibres :less than 5%
❖Medium solution or emulsion
knits
nonwoven
organic solvents ---- undesired and restricted
➢actual method of finish application
☞batch processes by exhaustion in dyeing machines
properties
solution feed rate
float valve control
question
A cotton fabric is to be treated with 5.0 % on weight of fabric (owf) with a chemical finish in a wet on dry padding process. If the wet pickup is 90 %, what concentration of chemical is needed?
☞continuous processes
2.1 Pad–dry–cure process
轧-烘-焙
2.2 Application of chemical finishes
2.2.1 Concentration reon weight of goods)
‘wet pickup’ (wpu) is
a percentage of the amount of finishing solution or emulsion applied on the weight of the dry untreated fabric
the ‘% add-on’ is the amount of supplied chemical added to the fabric,
2.14 Predryer.
2.5 Coating and laminating
➢ automotive air bags ➢ footwear ➢ Interlinings ➢ Upholstery ➢ Hats ➢ Labels ➢ Umbrellas ➢ adhesive tapes ➢ rainwear ➢ protective clothing ➢ artificial leather articles ➢ window blinds ➢ Tents
– The most loosely bound water on the fabric surface and interstices.
– the water held in the yarn capillaries – and the water absorbed internally by the fibre