美国文学史
1,Benjamin Franklin:merchant family,an apprentice in a printing house
2,Emerson:family:clergyman,philosophy of the soul,美国孔子,文明之父,transcendentalism(超验主义nature的出
版,nature is ennobling and individual is divine神圣的)chief spokesman, 最终除了你自己的思想头脑外,没有什么是神
圣的,the ame scholar(speech)
3,Ellen Poe:a poet and fiction writer,begin his literary by writing poets
4,Nathaniel Hawthorne:man and human history originates in puritanism(清教主义),view :there is evil in every heart,描写人性和社会的阴暗面,young goodman brown
(desperate and gloomy)揭示每个人都有邪恶的秘密,
rappaccini`s daughter(人性罪恶之源),ambiguity is one of the salient characteristics of his art,美国文学史上最受争议的
(ambivalent),intellectuals us appears as villains(恶棍) in his story,the house of the seven gables,the marble faun,the blithedale romance,the scarlet letter(加尔文主义)
5,Walt Whitman:family:carpenter(木匠)free verse(自由诗体),leaves of grass(获得成功的原因:the democratic ideas)歌整体和部分,when the lilacs last in the dooryard bloomed
纪念林肯被杀,there was a child(young america)went forth
早期作品确认成长期的美国,tend to use oral English,
individualist,诗歌特点:lyrical and well-structured。
Free and natural rhythm。
Easy flow of feelings。
Simple and conversational language
6,Mark Twin:first successful work: the celebrated jumping frog of calaveras county(跳蛙),美国观=serious literature+American folk humor,美国文学之父(mencken),
the adventure of tom sawyer(horrors and joys),a sound heart and a deformed conscience(tom swyer),vernacular 方
言,在密西西比河上划船象征1,回归自然。
2从人类社会
中解脱。
3不同肤色的人完全可以生活在一起,每个孩子的
梦想成为飞行员
7,Emily Dickinson:religious poetry:death and immortality,1775 poems,“I like to see the it lap the miles”=the train,
死亡时刻,love and marriage , life and death, religion
8,Dressier:chinese readers best known is sister carrie(展示出对自然主义和skeptcism的理解)(materiallistic唯物主义),
america`s literary naturalists(受达尔文影响theme:bestiality)st),“in your rocking-chair。
”from sister carrie,style:
polished but serious,anxiety to the world
9,Robert Frost: focus on the landscape and people in England,
the simple country life, hardly classified with old or new
10,O Neill: tragedies(大多数),founder of American drama,playwright ; 不是最成功的,the hairy ape(he=god现代人
的定位),nobel prize(only dramatist),expressionistic(表
现主义),beyond the horizon(first full-length),long day`s journey into night(在自传中可以见到)
11,Scott fitzgerald:spokesman of the jazz age,美国梦的破灭《了不起的盖茨比》(选段:来自邻居的音乐声。
故事战后。
浪漫英雄。
美国梦)oclassical,central consciousness,the jazz age,fiction story(选段;来自西部的年轻人累了。
)12,Hemingway:a farewell to arms(tragic love。
Soldier and nurse),the sun also rises
13,WilliamFaukner:description in ame south,family:merchant,the sound and the fury 失去天真,a rose for Emily《emily prisoner of past》(gothic narration,一个女人拒绝什么)(主
人公象征1.传统价值2.和谐公正3.偏执bigotry
14,Henry Thorean: walden. Transcendental,
15,Washington Irving:the legend of sleepy hollow,rip`s van winkle(famous for rip`s 20-year sleep),ame short stories` father, 文学成就影响世界和国内)“perfected the best classic style。
”,文学植根于肥沃之地,最好的美国文学,
有的作品基于欧洲的文学
16,Herman Melville:Moby Dick(SYMBOLIZE: mystery university,power of great future,evil of the world)(narrative power。
Psychological analysis。
Speculative agility):first prose epic
(散文史诗),bartleby,the scriventer:short story,
benitocereno:novella,
17,Commings:用我代替我宣称自我的重要性
18,John Steinbeck: the grapes of wrath.
19,Henry james:winterbourne=central consciousness,the portrait of a lady(文化系统的冲突),international theme,意识流,daisy`s miller(americanness): free spirit of new world,小说vulgarly 通俗descriptive words
20,现实主义1865-1914
21,Ezra Pound: spokesman of imagist movement,中国古代文学,metaphor,the river-merchant wife暗示(allusion),
cantos1915年开始写,想象主义。