微生物学检查法
分离培养与鉴定 血清学试验

凝集试验 补体结合试验 抗球蛋白试验
IgA不完全抗体干扰试验

皮肤试验
布鲁菌素（brucellin）试验
Department of Microbiology, Harbin Medical University
防治原则
严格管理病畜，消灭动物感染 预防接种
Department of Microbiology, Harbin Medical University
波浪热
Undulant fever
体温逐日上升，达到高热程度后，持续若干时日，再逐 渐降至正常，经过数日后又重发作，如此互相交替
Department of Microbiology, Harbin Medical University
test Complement fixation test Coombs test

Skin test
Department of Microbiology, Harbin Medical University
Prevention & Therapy
Pasteurization of milk Immunization
Occurs
in a few patients
Department of Microbiology, Harbin Medical University
Diagnosis

Isolation
Sample:
blood, bone marrow

Serological examination
Agglutination
波浪热
Department of Microbiology, Harbin Medical University
致病性

致病物质
内毒素、透明质酸酶、荚膜
Department of Microbiology, Harbin Medical University
所致疾病

母畜流产
赤藓醇－－胎盘、绒毛膜含量高
Department of Microbiology, Harbin Medical University
Pathogenesis
Brucella localized in the reticuloendothelial system (lymph nodes, liver, spleen, and bone marrow) Cause granulomatosis, abscess, and caseation No exotoxin is produced, so endotoxin is the major virulent factor

家蓄
易感人群
牧区、屠宰场工作人员

急性期抗生素治疗
四环素、青霉素
Department of Microbiology, Harbin Medical University
S u m m a r y
Brucella species
Biology
Small gram-negative rods without capsule Obligatory aerobic Grows slowly in enriched culture media with 10% CO2 H2S +
Department of Microbiology, Harbin Medical University
生物学性状

革兰阴性小杆菌 无鞭毛，不形成芽 胞，光滑型菌株有 微荚膜
Department of Microbiology, Harbin Medical University
专性需氧 生长缓慢 分解葡萄糖，产生少量酸 过氧化氢酶阳性，氧化酶阳性 产生H2S
流行环节
Department of Microbiology, Harbin Medical University
分泌物、乳品
消化道、呼吸道粘 膜、皮肤及眼结膜
人
1－6W 潜伏期
菌血症 （70％）
内毒素
发热、出汗、 关节痛和全 身乏力
菌血症 进入肝、脾、骨髓 繁殖入血 （体温再次上升） （发热消退）

Animals
Occupational
high-risk persons
Slaughtering of infected animals Treatment with tetracycline and penicillin

Department of Microbiology, Harbin Medical University

Department of Microbiology, Harbin Medical University
Pathogens
Human pathogen
1.
2. 3.
Animal reservoirs
Brucella melitensis Brucella abortus Brucella suis

掌握内容
掌握主要生物学性状（抗原构造与分型）


熟悉内容
熟悉布鲁菌的免疫性及微生物学检查法
了解内容
了解布鲁菌crobiology, Harbin Medical University
问题
布鲁菌抗原构造与分型？ 布鲁菌是如何致病的？ 布鲁菌引起的免疫反应如何？
goat, sheep cattle pig
Department of Microbiology, Harbin Medical University
Transmission

Enter human body by
Ingestion
of contaminated milk products Through the skin directly contact in an occupational setting such as abattoir

Department of Microbiology, Harbin Medical University
布鲁菌属 Brucella
引起人类、家畜和其它动物布鲁菌病 分6个生物种

羊布鲁菌 牛布鲁菌 猪布鲁菌
鼠布鲁菌
绵羊布鲁菌 犬布鲁菌
B. melitensis B. abortus B. suis B. meotomae B. ovis B. canis
Medical Microbiology
Department of Microbiology, HMU
Department of Microbiology, Harbin Medical University
第二篇 致病性细菌
第24章 布鲁菌属
Brucella
微生物学教研室
钟照华教授 商庆龙讲师
教学大纲

Department of Microbiology, Harbin Medical University
Disease: Brucellosis

Animal
Abortion

Human
Weakness
and fatigue Enlarged lymph nodes, liver, and spleen Undulant fever (rising-and-falling fever)

B. melitensis
Department of Microbiology, Harbin Medical University
流行环节

易感者
人和动物


传染源
牛、羊、猪是本菌的主要自然宿主
传播途径
直接接触 间接接触
Department of Microbiology, Harbin Medical University