英语：从高考题看with的复合结构
先看下面两道高考题：
1. ________ production up by 60%, the company has had another excellent year.
A. As
B. For
C. With
D. Through
2. With a lot of difficult problems ________, the newly-elected president is having a hard time.
A. settled
B. settling
C. to settle
D. being settled
【解析】这两题的答案均为C。

with的复合结构在英语中运用广泛，在具体运用中能使表达更为精确，在高考中也是主要考点之一。

现将其用法作一简单总结。

1. with + O (n. / pron.) + OC (prep phrase) 在句中常作定语或状语。

如：
On this important feast day, people might eat food in the shape of skulls, and cakes with “bones”on them.
在这个重要的节庆日子里，人们吃制成颅骨形状的食物和装点有“骨头”的蛋糕。

2. with + O (n. / pron.) + OC (adj.) 在句中常作状语。

如：
They were listening to the teacher with their eyes wide open.
他们睁大眼睛听老师讲课。

3. with + O (n. / pron.) + OC (n.) 在句中作定语或状语。

如：
At the foot of the mountain, there once lived an old man with the name Old Stubborn.
在山脚下，曾住着个名叫“老顽固”的老头儿。

4. with + O (n. / pron.) + OC (doing) 在句中常作状语，doing表示主动或正在进行的动作。

如：
Mary felt shy with the whole class looking at her.
在全班同学的注视下，玛丽感到不好意思。

5. with + O (n. / pron.) + OC (done) 在句中常作状语，done表示被动或完成了的动作。

如：
With the problem settled, we all felt very happy.
问题解决了，我们都非常高兴。

6. with + O (n. / pron.) + OC (to do) 在句中常作状语，to do表示将要发生的动作。

如：
With so much work to do, I can't even make a proper plan.
有这么多事要做，我甚至连恰当的计划都很难做出来。

7. with + O (n. / pron.) + OC (adv.) 在句中常作状语。

如：
With her mother away from home, she felt lonely.
母亲不在家，她感到孤独。

He went out hurriedly in the rain with no umbrella on. 他没拿伞，急匆匆地冲进了雨里。