1．元音:1) [i:] ee / ea / e / ie, ei three tree green sheep meet beef seek tea leave lead team mean speak clean he she me Chinese piece believe ︱receive ceiling receipt leisure 2) [i] i / y / e / a sit picture list mix fix fit pig build miss myth many twenty happy dictionary defect decide delicious orange comrade village 3) [æ ] a hand ant happy map mad glad flag shall 4) [e] ea / e / a *ai/ei head bread pleasure *said/leisure elephant electric remember sell hotel many any 5) [ə:] ir / ur / ear / ur / or girl shirt skirt thirty thirteen third bird turn burn murder nurse turtle Thursday burger learn earn earth heard term her nerd serve *work worm word world 6) [ə] (弱音) er / or / ou / ure / ar / o / a / e / u 元音字母及发元音的所有组合在非重读音节中基本上都读[ə] 或(少数)[i] leader speaker farmer powder power doctor actor mayor author delicious generous various jealous pleasure measure leisure culturefamiliar collar dollar liartogether lesson control polite account ago banana Canada Japan China spidermen listen glisten elephant calculus suspect maximum7)[a:] ar / a / al *heart/clerk/sergea ntcar farm card arm gardenlast plant︱calm half8) [ʌ] u / o / ou / ooup supper lunch fun gun hunt cup bus come mother does brother love above trouble rough flourishblood flood9) [ɔ:] al / or / oor / au / our / ou / ar small wall talk tall hall ball call walk short lord horse forty sport more store sore︱door floorsauce author caught autumn hauntfour mourn court︱bought fought*warmth wardrobe quarter 10)[ɒ] / [ɔ]o / a hot lost lot fox box mop hop loss collar want wash what squander11)[u:] oo / o / u groom broom doom goose tooth balloon shoe do twotrue truth blue full 12) [u]oo / ou / u / olook good foot book should couldput full bull pull pushwomen whose13) [ei] a / ay / ai / ey / ea name cake late gate plane April play say may way ︱rain paint plain they grey ︱great break 14) [ai] i / y bike fine find die nine light night high my try fly eye 15) [au] ou / ow house ground account count loud around flower down now cow how town 16) [əu] o / ow / oa home cold go no phone host ghost know low below grow blow show flow boat coat goal 17) [ɔi] oy / oi boy toy joy oyster soybean oil soil voice choice noise 18) [i ə] eer / ea / ear / ea / ear / er / ier beer deer ear idea near here fierce 19) [e ə] ear / air / are / ere bear pear pair chair air fair care scare square prepare there where 20) [u ə] our / oor *ure tour poor *sure 2．容易混淆的元音 [æ] [e] bad bed hand head man men land lend pan pen sad said [i:] [i] it eat hit heat sit seat bit beat feet fit3．辅音1) [p] pear pour pull push 2) [b] boot bread break3) [t] ton town twenty city 4) [d] dull dose dictionary5) * [k] king kite look cook kitchen sky (字母)card cat cream correct climb come account accept (字母)fox box oxygen x-ray exercise (字母)school schedule headache chemistry psychology (字母组合)cheque queue picturesque antique (字母组合)6) * [g] girl good goal goat grade long language (字母)dialogue guest vogue guilty guide safeguard (字母组合)7) * [m] man make moon morning move come (字母m)comb climb autumn column(ist) (字母组合和)8) [n] pen ten nine fine9)[ŋ] uncl e bank English think thank junksing king morning evening (字母组合)10) [l] long land lend lord flag blackworld cold could goal soul able 11) [r] read red right run roomwrite wrist wrinkle wrong (字母组合)12) [f] five fly fine flag frog fog roof knife life wifecough laugh rough tough physic photo phone (字母组合和)13) [v] very even every voice vest14) [s] six sit student same seat kiss miss case scarf (发音字母s)license city cease ceiling celebrate piece juice science ace (发音字母c) 15) [z] zoo zebra zero zap close nose hose suppose pause those whose16)[θ] think thank three thirty tooth mouth through worth17) [ð] that this those these though worthy18) [ʃ] sheep shoulder ship shoe she brush wash *surenation attention station social special (字母组合和)19) [ʒə] pleasure measure leisure closure (字母组合)20) [h] hot hop home house horse howwho whole whore (字母组合)21) [w] window wind woodwhen what where whisper (字母组合)22) [j] yes year yell you your yolk yellow23) [tʃ] child chicken couch chair lunch ouch catch teach24) [dʒ] age language cabbage vegetable stage bridgejoy enjoy join July June junk jokeeducation during (字母)25) [tr] tree country try treat track trunk26) [dr] dry dream drop drive drink27) [ts] students boots boats goats nuts28) [dz] goods woods friends4．容易混淆的辅音[v] [w] vest west vet wet vine wine [s] [θ] sink think mass math sort sought[z] [ð] close cloth breeze breathe5．字母及字母组合发音规律元音字母及发元音的所有组合在非重读音节中基本上都读[ə] 或(少数)[i]1）a [ei] [æ] [a:] [ɔ] / [ə] [i] private bake grape nation station page active bank fan parent family glad flag fast dance class past father (美音不同)wash what watch wantaccept formative machine cinema orange village cabbage comrade2）e[i:] [e] / [i] [ə] 不发音appreciate extremely secret she me heletter left message generate pebble decide pretty previous result restoreproblem prosperous student confidentactive table late wife store lecture3）i[ai] [i] / [i] [ə] high price library ice wife size line fist picky city︱piano fiancé unit holiday beautiful4）o[əu] [u:] [ʌ] [ɔ] / [ə] [əu]host cold note okay old homelose do who whose prove improve love some other mother honey companylost hot mock office soft honest today tomorrow control collect photo zero also 5）u[ju:] [u] [ʌ] / [ə] [i]university refuse unique universe hugeput push pull full bull Julybut brush bucket duck bubble support suggest*business busy6）c[k] [s]c在a/o/u及辅音前: camp cable camera country courage culture credit claw c在e/i/y前: ceiling celebrate cell cease city cigar privacy cycle7）g[g] [dʒ] [ŋ]g在a/o/u, ir，辅音前，或置于词尾: girl grade gorgeous garbage flag frugal g在e/i/y前: village vegetable bridge gentleman gym germlong song sing morning evening8) l[l] 读音不同listen learn language collect gorillaworld cold soil tall sell cool animal9) n[n] (在[g][k]音前或ng组合中[ŋ] )moon night noodle numberuncle hungry angry young thank* singer finger 10) r [r] (元音与[r]音的组合，美语)right read write grade progress card board door floor form north perfect11）y[j] [i] [ai]yellow year yell young yolk university country pretty happydye dying fly buy by my dryer12) h[h] 不发音Grasshopper hockey︱hour honest13) x [gz] [ks] executive exist exactly exaggerate 重execute textbook exercise explain oxygen carbon dioxide*anxious anxiety (tension) controversialex中的x发[ks]时，(次)重音在ex上，ex发[eks]，不在其上，则发[iks]。