阅读理解常见错误选项特征
"错误选项"一定是大家最为痛恨的四个字。
让无数的学员一次又一次为之拜倒。
但是在大家狂骂错误选项无耻和出题人刁钻的时候,是不是忽视了一个很重要的问题就是:错误选项其实也是有必然的错的规律的,考研英语考了几十年,每年十五个错误选项,其实,出题人不论换过多少人,从测试学的角度来看,能够用来出错误选项的"花招"早就"黔驴技穷"了,因此如果我们把错误选项的命制规律深刻的研究了,就不会再怨天尤人了。
(一)与原文冲突选项与原文表述内容不一致,是错误选项最常见的错误方式,但是若是把原文做最细微的改动,许多
同学就很难发现,而这些细微的改动主要就是一些核心动词和形容词,希望大家引起重视。
00 年#1(A)
(A)it had made painstaking efforts towards this goal.
与文章首句A history of long and effortless success can be a dreadful handicap ,but , if properly handled, it may become a driving force.相反。
06 年#39(C)
(C)misery should be enjoyed rather than denied.
原文最后一段提到:Today , surrounded by promises of easy happiness, we need art to tell us , as religion once did, Memento mori: remember that you will die, that everything ends, and that happiness comes not in denying this but in living with it.
07 年#24(C)
(C)the role of talent tends to be overlooked.
与原文最后一段:Their work makes a rather startling assertion : the trait we commonly call talent is highly overrated. 冲突。
(二)包含无关内容原文是我们做出正确答案的唯一依据,正确选项的设置方式也常表现为将原文同义改写。
错误选项也
正是利用了这个特征,在改写的同时,添加了一些原文并未出现的内容,使得选项具备强干扰性。
00 年#1(D)
(D)the unparalleled size of its workforce had given an impetus to its economy
00 年#2(C)
(C)machine-tool industry had collapsed after suicidal actions.
00 年#3 (C)
(C)The revival of the economy depends on international cooperation.
02 年#48 (B)
(B)interact with human beings verbally.
上述选项标注部分都是添加了原文当中没有出现过的内容,而且也不是原文相应内容的统一改写。
(三)答非所问+照抄原文这类错误选项是考生常见,也是常犯错误的设置方式。
具体表现为将原文当中出现的原话,但是不能
回答题干的内容设置出来以迷惑考生。
对于那些僵化的理解"正确选项为原文的同义改写"的同学,极具杀伤力!
02 年#48(A)
(A)fulfill delicate tasks like performing brain surgery.
原文第二段最后一句话为:".there are already robot systems that can perform some kinds of brain and bone surgery with submillimeter accuracy". 尽管此选项与原文内容一致,但并不能
回答题目所提出的问题(According to the text ,what is beyond man's ability now is to design
a robot that can__问题是想问一个超出机器人能力范围的内容。
),所以仍旧为错误选项。
03 年#41(A)(C)
(A ) receive support from fans like Donovan
(C ) restored many common pastimes
这两个选项虽然也是原文第一段提到过的原话,但是并不是题目所提问的目的,在之前的篇章讲过,所有的题目,话题都要和主题相关都是为主题服务的。
这篇文章的主题为"网路间谍"。
因此,正确选项一定要选和主题相关的"(B)remolded the intelligence services"
03 年#56(B)
(B)Americas enjoy a higher life quality than ever before.
此选项也是文章第一段原话"Such advances offer the aging population a quality of life that was unimaginable when I entered medicine 50 years ago."的改写。
但是还是之前讲过的逻辑思路,所有的题目都要为主题服务,不能就着原话本身的含义来选。
本文主题是对美国的医疗过度投资的负评价,因此全文第一句话的目的一定是为此主题服务的,因此(C)Americans are over-confident
of their medical technology. 是必然正确的,因为over-confident 是明显的负评价词。
06 年#24 (A)(C)
(A) To prove their popularity around the world.
(C) To give examples of successful immigrants.
这两个选项尽管都属于文章所传递的信息,但是并不能回答提名的问题,题目是典型的举例证明题(why
are Arnold Schwarzenegger and Garth Brooks mentioned in Paragraph2?),题目就是要我们选一个能够说明主题的选项,即,同化文化的成功影响力!因此选择(B)
(四)错误比较经过对于真题的研究发现,比较级的内容在文章当中出现,经常作为考点,而到了选项当中出现,却
常作为强干扰选项,主要表现为:添加了原文没有的比较内容;与原文比较的内容或方向不一致。
因此在选择当中的比较级,大家要特别关注。
00 年#1(B)
(B ) its domestic market was eight times lager than before.
原文:When United States entered just such a glowing period after the end of the Second World War, it had a market eight times larger than any competitor, giving its industries unparalleled economies of scale.
两处比较级显然不一致。
01 年#55(A)
(A)getting worse because of the Internet.文章当中无此比较内容。
05 年#30(D)
(D) both of them have turned form bad to worse. 文章当中没有此比较级。
06 年#32(D)
(D)the number of large predators dropped faster in new fisheries than in the old.
原文:第二段最后两句:According to their latest paper published in Nature , the biomass of large predators. In a new fishery is reduced on average by 80% within 15 years of the start
of exploitation. In some long-fished areas , it has halved again since then.
这两句话只是比较了下降数量多少,而不是如(D)中所表述的"快慢"。