国金名词解释1、Balance of payments accounting : 国际收支平衡账户A detailed record of the composition of the current account balance and of the many transactions that finace it .国际收支账户是对经常项目的组成以及相关金融业务的详细记录。
2、Official foreign cxchange intervention : 官方外汇干预The official transactions that central banks buy or sell international reserves in private asset markets to affect macroeconomic conditions in their economies .中央银行在私人外汇市场上买卖国际储备以改变经济的宏观环境的交易。
3、Official international reserves : 官方国际储备They are foreign assets held by central banks as a cushion against national economic misfortune.中央银行持有的外国资产，可以作为国民经济情况不利情况时的缓冲器。
4、Official settlements balance (or balance of payments) : 官方结算余额（国际收支平衡）The bookkeeping offset to the balance of official reserve transactions . 在会计上登记用来抵消官方储备交易余额的部分。
5、Foreign exchange market : 外汇交易市场The market in which international currency trades take place . 国际货币的交易场所。
6、Forward exchange rate : 远期汇率The exchange rates quoted in foreign exchange which deals sometimes specify a future taransation date , are called forward exchange rates .在指定未来一个时间上交割的外汇交易中所报的汇价，称为远期汇率。
7、Spot exchange rate : 即期汇率The exchange rates governing trading of bank deposits and execute the deal immediately ,are called spot exchange rate .在立即交换银行存款交易中的汇率，叫做即期汇率。
8、Interest parity condition : 利率平价条件The condition that the expected returns on deposits of any two currencies are equal when measured in the same currency is called the interest parity condition .用相同货币衡量的任意两种货币存款的预期收益率相等的条件，被称为利率平价条件。
9、Vehicle currency :A vehicle currency is one that is widely used to denominate international contracts made by parties who do not reside in the country that issues the Vehicle currency.载体货币：载体货币是一种在发行该种货币以外国家的国际交易中被广泛使用作为度量标准的货币。
10、Futures and options 期货和期权Futures involve a financial contract that requires the buyer to purchase an asset (or the seller to sell an asset)at a specific price on a predetermined date in the future.期货涉及到需要购买的资产在一个特定的价格在规定日期在未来（或卖方出售资产）的买方金融合同。
11、Options : the right to buy foreign currency to make the payment at a known price .期权：购买外汇的权利，使支付在一个已知的价格。
12、Deflation : 通货紧缩An economy experiences deflation when its price level is falling . 一个国家总体价格水平的下降。
13、Inflation : 通货膨胀An economy experiences inflation when its price level is rising . 一个国家总体价格水平的上升。
14、Exchange rate overshooting : 汇率超调The exchange rate is said to overshoot when its immediate response to a disturbance is greater than its long-run response.当汇率对于货币波动的即刻反应超过了长期反应时，我们称之为汇率超调。
15、Fisher effect :费雪效应All else equal ,a rise in a country’s expected inflation rate will eventually cause an equal rise in the interest rate that deposits of its currency offer . And vice versa .This long-run relationship between inflation and interest rates is called the Fisher effect . 在其他条件不变的情况下，若一国的预期通货膨胀率上升，最终会导致该国货币存款利率的同比例上升，反之亦然。
通货膨胀与利率之间的这种长期关系被称为费雪效应。
16、Nominal exchange rate :名义汇率The relative price of two currencies . 两种货币的相对价格。
17、Nominal interest rate:The rates of return measured in monetary terms.名义利率：收益用金钱来衡量的利率。
18、Purchasing power parity（PPP）: 购买力平价The theory of PPP states that the exchange rate between two countries currencies equals the ratio of the countires’ price levels .两国货币的汇率等于两国价格水平之比。
19、Real exchange rate :实际汇率It is a relative price of one country’s goods and services relative to the other’s . 实际汇率是一国商品和劳务相对于另一国商品和劳务的相对价格。
20、Real interest rate :The rates of return measured in monetary terms.实际利率：收益用金钱来衡量的利率。
21、Absolute purchasing power parity:The exchange rates equal relative price levels is called absolute PPP.绝对购买力平价：该汇率等于相对价格水平称为绝对购买力平价。
22、Relative purchasing power parity:The percentage change in the exchange rate between two currencies over any period equals the difference between the percentage changes in national price levels.相对购买力平价：百分比变化超过任何时期两种货币之间的汇率等于之间在国家物价水平的百分比变化的差异。
23、AA schedule : AA曲线（资产）The schedule of exchange rate and output combinations that are consistern with equilibrium in the domestic money market and the foreign exchange market .国内货币市场和外汇市场均衡条件下的汇率和产出水平的组合叫做AA曲线。
24、DD schedule : DD曲线（产出）The schedule of exchange rate and output combinations that are consistern with equality of aggregate demand and supply .总供给和总需求相等条件下的汇率和产出水平的组合叫做DD曲线。
25、J-curve : J曲线If current account initially worsens after a depreciation , its time path , has an initial segment reminiscent of J and therefore is called J-curve J曲线：如果贬值，它的时间路径后的经常账户恶化最初，有一个初始段让人联想到的J，因此被称为J曲线26、Devaluation : 币值下调A fall in the market price of a floating currency浮动汇率制度下的市场价格下降。