11) He is not well today, but he still comes to class. 他今天身体不好，但（他）还是来上课了。
12) If I learn to drive a motorcycle, I will certainly buy a new one. 我要是学摩托车的话，（我）就一定去买一辆新的。
Why did you set the wolf to keep the sheep? 10) 他是信口开河，他对经济一窍不通。
He is shooting off his mouth. He does not know the first thing of economy.
The Omission of Pronoun
【译文】美国和中国有着共同的利益，当然也 有分歧，不过我们相信我们能够以相互了解和 尊重的态度来探讨所存在的分歧。
【解析】由于谈的是中美两国的重大国际关系 问题，译文用了“当然”“不过”使语篇意义 完整，措辞显得婉转，语气平和友好。
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例3：An efficient computer code for calculating the
故事就发生在丹麦的一家雅致的小旅馆里。这种 小旅馆备有酒食招待游客，而且讲英语。
Examples of Translation from English to Chinese: 1) I took the news with a grain of salt.
我对这个消息半信半疑。 2) He went through fire and flood to save his
13) in deep water
水深火热
14) turn up one’s nose at
嗤之以鼻
15) skin and bones
பைடு நூலகம்
皮包骨头
16) touch and go
一触即发
17) from the cradle to the grave 一生一世
18) hit the nail on the head
翻译单位
Barkhudarov 巴尔胡达罗夫（前苏联）： “原语在译语中具备对应物的最小单位。”
按语言等级体系分： 音位层 phoneme (grapheme) 词素层 morpheme 词 层 word 词组层 phrase 句子层 sentence 话语层 text
★ “必要和足够层次的翻译是等值翻译” ★ “层次偏低的翻译是逐词死译” ★ “层次偏高的翻译是意译”
插科打诨
8) speak one’s mind
畅所欲言
9) be after one’s own heart
称心如意
10) at one’s finger-tips
了如指掌
11) fish in troubled waters
混水摸鱼
12) thousands upon thousands of 成千上万
In order to throw dust into the eye of the public, they decked themselves out as revolutionaries. 3) 扪心自问，他不得不承认自己是错了。
By searching his heart he could not but admit that he was in the wrong. 4) 他们个个摩拳擦掌，士气很高，准备再打一个漂亮 仗。
13) He is a good friend that speaks well of us behind our backs.
在（我们的）背后说我们好话的人，才是一个好的朋友。 14) It is better to do well than to say well.
说得好不如做得好。（≈喊破嗓子不如做出样子。） 15) It’s your pen. I found it on the playground.
impact parameter distribution of atomic ionization
probabilities caused by charged particle impact has
been developed. 【译文】已经研制出一种有效的计算机代码，用于计
算由于带电粒子冲击所引起的原子电离化概率的 冲击参数分布。 【解析】该语篇属科普文章选段，语法结构严密，名 词扩展修饰部分安排合理，结构紧凑。此类语篇 的翻译主要是把好语法关，查清专业术语的确切 意义，比如像“code”（代码）、“the impact parameter distribution”（冲击参数分布）、 “atomic ionization probabilities”（原子电离化概 率） 、“charged particle”(带电粒子)等。
mother. 他赴汤蹈火去救他的母亲。
3) You have a lucky star above you. 你真是福星高照。
4) She is now between the devil and the deep sea on this matter. 她在这个问题上真是进退维谷。
5) The light-fingered gentry frequented these shops. 梁上君子经常光顾这些商店。 6) He is reaping what he has sown. 他这是咎由自取。 7) She is an easy-going woman. She always
Everything comes to him who waits. 40) 小巫见大巫。
The moon is not seen when the sun shines.
第二节 以句子为单位
关注意义推进模式：认真追循原文的句式和结构， 准确把握作者的思想轨迹，准确再现原文含义。
It happened in one of those picturesque Danish taverns that cater to tourists and where English is spoken.
→ 心与肝至为密切的关系早为人知。
It is a good plan to imagine an argument with a person having a different bias.
→ 有一个好办法，就是想象与持不同偏见的人进行辩 论。
翻译单位与语篇分析
Translation Unit & Discourse Analysis
throws her cares to the winds. 她是个大大咧咧的女人，总是把忧愁抛至九霄云外。
8) That fellow is always fair without but foul within. 那个家伙总是口蜜腹剑。
9) That little girl has a ready tongue. 那个小姑娘真是伶牙俐齿的。
（词汇衔接 与 结构衔接） 词汇衔接：语篇中前后词语之间的语义联系。（重
复、同义、反义、上下义、部分-整体 等）
例1：Here is a little gift for your birthday. 【译文】薄礼一份，祝你生日快乐！ 【解析】这是非正式的贺卡语，虽然短，但也是一个语篇。
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例 2 ： The United Stats shares interests with China, but we also have some disagreements. We believe that we can discuss our differences with mutual understanding and respect.
恶事传千里。
35) Practice makes perfect.
熟能生巧。
36) 欲速则不达。
More haste, less speed.
37) 金窝银窝不如自己的小窝。
East and west, home is best. 38) 拉入篮里就是菜。
All is fish that comes to the net. 39) 皇天不负苦心人。
As things stood, what else could he do but swallow the insult?
7) 侵略者已经走投无路。
The invaders had come to the end of their tether. 8) 我讨厌游手好闲的人。
I dislike the people eating the bread of idleness. 9) 你为什么要引狼入室？
第一节 以词为单位
单词：汉英语言中单词对等程度要高一些
1) television （名词）
电视
2) electricity （名词）
电
3) wheat
（名词）
小麦
4) 坐
（动词）
sit
5) 小
（形容词） small
6) 和
（连接词） and
成语：
7) cut in a joke
Every one of them rolled up his sleeves for battle, high in morale and ready to win another brilliant victory.
5) 我们必须全力以赴，拿下这场球。
We must do our level best to win this game. 6) 照当时情况，他除了忍气吞声又能怎么办呢？
Examples of Translation from Chinese to English: 1) 这些国家的经济形势每况愈下。