Unit 1 ：1.with the possible exception of the church,few institutions have changed as littleas those charged with the formal education of the next generation.2.The visitor from the past who would readily recognize todays classroom wouldhave trouble relating to the out-of-school world of a 10-year-old today3.But changes in our world are so rapid and so decisive that it will not be possiblefor schools to remain as they are or to simply introduce a few superficial improvements4.To some extent, these technological accessories have been absorbed into the lifeof the school, though often they simply deliver the old lessons in a more convenient and efficient formatputers will permit a degree of individual instruction that in the past wasavailable only to the rich6.No longer do we have to spend long periods of time hunting down a source or aperson-now ,delivery of information is instantaneousrmation and disinformation mingle comfortably and, as of yet, there are noreliable ways to distinguish sense from the distorted facts and downright nonsense common on the net8.Todays situation, with everyone having instantaneous access to millions ofsources, is without precedent9.Some authorities will insist that these findings be applied in specific cases, whileothers will vigorously object to any decisions made on the basis of genetic information10.New and imaginative approaches will have to be developed if youths are to beprepared for the rapidly changing roles they can expect to assume1. 可能除了教会以外，很少有机构做主管下一代正规教育的学校／教育机构那样缺乏变化了。
2．来自过去的参观者一眼就能辨认出现在的课堂，但很难适应现今一个10岁孩子的校外世界，3．但变化在我们的世界中是如此迅速和明确，以至于学校不可能维持现状或仅仅做一些表面的改善而生存下去。
4．在某种程度上，这些科技辅助设施已被吸纳到校园生活中，尽管他们往往只是用一种更方便，更有效的模式教授旧课程。
5．计算机将在一定程度上允许针对个人的授课，这种授课形式以往只向有钱人提供。
6．我们再也无须花费很长时间查找某个出处或某个人——现在信息的传递是瞬时的。
7．信息和虚假信息轻易地混杂在一起，现在还没有将网上十分普遍的被歪曲的事实和一派胡言与真实含义区分开来的可靠手段。
8．今天，数以百万计的信息源人人伸手可及，这种情况是史无前例的。
9．一些权威人士坚持认为这些发现应该应用于特定情况中，而另一些人则极力反对在基因信息基础上所做的任何决定。
10．如果年青人要为自己期望承担的迅速变换的角色作好准备，那么必须培养出新的和富于想像力的方法。
Unit 21.men have wanted to live longer without growing old for thousands of years, andhave invariably been disappointed2.writers have imagined worlds where people lived to extraordinary ages whileholding on to their youthful looks and vigor by various means, mostly foul3.though the probability of living to old age has risen sharply, the human lifespanset by nature has remained much the same through most of recorded history 4.lifespan was-even if mainly in theory-70 year of life at the time the bible waswritten and it isn’t much more now5.no longer do they die in large numbers in the first year of life, or later frominfectious diseases and medical problems such as a ruptured appendix, or suffer from hunger, or work themselves to death6.the current emphasis in age research is on finding ways to ensure that the risingnumber of people who achieve the maximum lifespan do so in optimum health, not just die after extra years of chronic illness and decay7.but even for those who stick to the rules all that a healthy lifestyle can do is toimprove their chances of staying in reasonable shape for their age, it will not slow down the ageing process8.the only experiments on laboratory animals that have definitely shown alife-lengthening effect have involved subjecting rats and mice to a severely restricted diet9.the process of ageing is a complex matter in which many different genes appearto be involved, but in time it may become possible to use gene therapy to slow down ageing ,if not eliminate it10.moreover ,old age is the final scene ,as it were, in lifes drama, from which weought to escape when we grow weary and ,certainly ,when we have had our fill 1．几千年来，人们一直想要长寿，想不变老，然而他们总是失望。
2．许多作家总是幻想着有可以长命百岁的福地，在那里，人们以各种办法，多数是左道旁门的招数，保持着他们的青春和活力。
3．虽然长寿的可能性已经明显加大了，但是在绝大多数有记载的历史时期内，自然界赋予人类的寿命并没有多大变化。
4．即使主要从理论上探讨，人的寿命在写《圣经》的那个时候就是70岁，到现在也没有增加多少。
5．在出生后的第一年里，婴儿不再会大量死亡，在随后的日子里人们不会因为传染病或者像阑尾破裂这样的医疗问题而死亡，也不会因为饥饿或过度劳累而死亡。
6．目前衰老研究的重点是寻求有效的方法，确保日益增多的达到最大寿限的人能够在最佳健康状况下实现长寿，而不是仅仅在慢性病和体力衰退的折磨下再多活几年。
7．但是，即便是对那些遵循这些忠告的人来说，一种健康的生活方式的作用只不过是使他们更有机会保持就其年龄而言合理的健康状况，而不会减缓衰老的过程。
8. 唯一显示的确能延长臭名的实验是用实验室动物进行的，受试的大家鼠灰色小家鼠接受严格的饮食限制。
9．衰老过程是一个复杂的事情，涉及到许多不同的基因。
但是，人们即使不能消除衰老，最终也能够用基因疗法减缓衰老。
10．然而，老年可以说是人生戏剧中的最后一幕，当我们疲倦时，当我们已经饱尝人生的一切之后，我们应该从这最后一幕中消失。
unit 31. a questionnaire reveals that almost 70 percent of non-food purchases insupermarkets are generated by impulse decisions2.to enlighten people in that locality about this product, the training courseconsists in a great variety of illustrations to accommodate the low literacy rate of those people3.some foreign retailers are reluctant to accept manufacturers discount couponsbecause they fear that the manufacturer will not repay them the money they lose when giving the discount4.the trade often uses the term indiscriminately. Business persons may use theterm promotion when they actually mean sales promotion5.sales promotion may be used s a stimulus to magnify business peoples support aswell as stimulating demand at the consumer level6.three of five firms had moved to increase their expenditures on such non-mediaalternatives as booths at trade shows where people can purchase the product directly7.one airline offered its passengers discount cards that could be used to purchasecoats at greatly reduced prices from a well-know clothing company8.to launch Budweiser beer in great Britain, the beer company employed anAmerican theme it broadcast tv commercials on the fourth of july and thanksgiving day that were filmed in California with American actors9.the American company also had to convince the thai businessmen not to storeother companies products in the freezers and not to unplug freezer units at night to save electricity10.much like many other marketing aspects, sakes-promotion methods may have tobe amended. The techniques employed ,to be effective, should be consistent with the local preferences1．一项问卷调查显示，除去食品以外，有70％的购物行为源自于顾客在超市内一时冲动的决定。