《边城》(Remote City)中的端午节庆文化与湘西旅游The culture of Dragon Boat Festival and Xiangxi TourismReflected in Remote City摘要：《边城》是沈从文的代表作品之一，小说中关于端午节的描写构成了那个凄美的爱情故事的重要因子。
而湘西特有的端午节庆文化、风俗人情与《边城》中的端午民俗既有相同之处，也有现实中的独特性。
《边城》的声名远播促进了湘西旅游的发展，由此打造的文化演艺产业也获得了成功，但是如何把节庆文化和湘西旅游更好地结合是摆在大家面前的一个重要课题。
Abstract: Remote City is one of the representative works of Shen Congwen. The describe of Dragon Boat Festival in his noval is an important part of making that beautiful and sorrowful love story. The culture and customs of dragon boat festival peculiar to Xiangxi shares the same characteristic with that of in Remote City, but it has its own specialties in reality. The development of Xiangxi tourism has widely benefited from the reputation Remote City, which brought big success to the industry of cultural programmes. And the most important project that we are facing is to do a better combination of festival culture and Xiangxi Tourism.关键词：边城端午节节庆文化湘西旅游Key words: Remote City, the Dragon Boat Festival, culture, Xiangxi Tourism沈从文是中国现代文学史上著名的乡土作家，出生于湘西小城凤凰城，湘西是一个多民族杂居、神秘而质朴、有着独特的风俗习惯的边陲小镇。
《边城》是沈从文创作的作品中影响力非常深远的一部小说，描写了在湘西边境上的小城茶峒发生的凄美浪漫的爱情故事。
船总顺顺的两个儿子天宝和傩送爱上了拉渡船老头的外孙女翠翠，爱情没有开花结果，等来的却是天宝的意外死亡，傩送的远出不归，暴雨里拉渡船老头的死去，最后只留下孤苦伶仃的翠翠。
《边城》中充满了色彩浓厚的民俗意蕴，如端午节、划龙船、对歌、老船夫的丧葬等。
其中对端午节的描写则成了故事开展、人物心理变化的重要因素。
《边城》从问世至今已有80多年的历史，端午节庆文化也随着《边城》的影响力成为湘西具有特色的民俗文化，由此带动了湘西特别是凤凰县的旅游，成了湘西旅游的一张名片。
而由此打造的以《边城》故事情节编排的大型舞台剧“烟雨凤凰”和张家界魅力湘西大剧院打造的开场节目《边城》，则更好地演绎了《边城》的美，把文化传播与旅游紧密结合在一起，促进了文化旅游业的发展。
Shen Congwen, a famous provincial writer in the modern literature history of China, was born in Fenghuang town of Xiangxi, a little border town with multi-nationality, mysterious cultures and special customs. Remote city, a very far-reaching novel in his works, described a very beautiful and sorrowful love story happened in Chadong, a little town in the border of Xiangxi. The captain Shunshun’s two sons, Tianbao and nuosong, both fell in love with Cuicui, the granddaughter of a ferryman. There was no any results about her love, but facing with Tianbao’s accidental deaths, Nuosong’s going far away with no coming back, and the deaths in storm of her grandfather, and finally leaving Cuicui alone. Remote city filled with strong folk color, such as Dragon Boat Festival, rowing dragon boat, doing antiphonal singing, and the funeral of old ferryman. And the most important factor of promoting the plot and changing the inner thinking of characters is the description of Dragon Boat Festival. From its first publishing to now, Remote City, bearing more than 80-year history, has prompted the Dragon Boat Festival to be a veryspecial cultural activity with its influence, which has driven the development of Xiangxi’s tourism, especially that of Fenghuang, thus becoming a business card of Xiangxi’s tourism. The large scale stage play ―Mysterious Fenghuang‖ and the opening program performed in Zhangjiajie charming Xiangxi Grand Theater were forged by getting the inspiration from the story plot of Remote City. They both gave a better demonstration of the beauty existed in Remote City, thus combining the culture spreading and tourism, also impulsing the development of tourism.1.《边城》中的端午文化抒写1. The Culture of Dragon Boat Festival expressed in Remote City节日民俗是一种典型的综合性的民俗现象,是认知、把握民俗文化的窗口。
就端午节而言,作为湘西各民族的重大节日,在湘西这块古老而偏僻的厚土上,端午节具有独特的表现形式和浓重的宗教内涵,凸显出鲜明而重要的民俗意义。
沈从文在小说《边城》中共详略地描写了四次端午节的场景。
端午节成了建构那个凄美的爱情故事的重要因子。
端午节是我国民间夏季最重要的传统节日，特别是在南方地区的边城茶峒。
端午节是构建小说《边城》的重要原因。
Festival and folk-custom are kinds of typical comprehensive folkloric phenomena and the window to recognize and grasp the local culture. As for the Dragon Boat Festival, the very important festival for various nationalities living in Xiangxi, it has particular presentation and deepening religious meaning in this ancient and remote land, showing obvious folk significance. The scene of Dragon Boat Festival appeared four times in Remote city, which was an important factor of making that beautiful and sorrowful love story. Dragon Boat Festival is the most important summer festival in folk areas, especially in Chadong, the southern border place. Therefore, it’s the vital factor to build the novel, Remote City.首先，小说中的端午节民俗有利于彰显边城中的朴素民风。
营造唯美的氛围。
端午节是边城茶峒一年中最热闹的日子“端午日，当地妇女小孩子，莫不穿了新衣，额角上用雄黄蘸酒画了个王字"任何人家到了这天必吃鱼吃肉"大约上午十一点左右，全茶峒人就皆吃了午饭，把饭吃过后，在城里住家的，莫不倒锁了门，全家出城到河边看划船"。
[1]这一天，除了龙舟竞渡这个传统的节目外，还有茶峒专属的“捉鸭子”活动，那是城中的戍军长官为了与民同乐，增加节日气氛而别出心裁的一项活动"把三十只绿头长颈大雄鸭放入河中，只要是善水的军民，均可下水追赶鸭子，谁捉到，谁就是鸭子的主人"First, the folk custom of Dragon Boat Festival helps to reveal the simple mores in that border town and create a beautiful atmosphere. And the festival is also the busiest day in the whole year at that place. All the local women and children would wear new cloths, and they will draw a ―王‖on the corner of their forehead on that day. They must eat fish and meat to celebrate the festival, and they would finish their lunch at 11:00am, and then they would lock the door outside ( usually they lock the door inside, because women would stay at home. At the festival day, the whole family members would go out to play, so they lock the door outside) to watch the rowing boat race out of the town. At that day, except for the boat race, there is still another activity, peculiar to Chadong, called ― catching the duck‖, which was created by the local officer of army , in order to increase the atmosphere of the festival and enjoy the festival together with its people. They put 30 ducks in the river to catch, and whether you are ordinary people or soldiers, you could catch the duck in the river. You would be the owner of duck if you catch it.其次，小说中的端午节给我们勾勒了一个清晰的时间线索，促成了小说故事的形成与完结。