真空电镀及工艺流程（Vacuum plating and process）真空电镀及工艺流程(Vacuum plating and process)Vacuum plating and processSource: the full update training date: 2011 09 month 22 hits: 216 Vacuum evaporation is heated in a high vacuum condition of the metal, melting, evaporation, cooling after forming a metal film on plastic surface. The commonly used metal is aluminum and other low melting point metal.A method for heating metal: the heat generated by the resistance,but also the use of electron beam.In the implementation of evaporation of plastic products, in orderto ensure that the metal cooling heat emitted by the resin to deformation, must adjust the evaporation time. In addition, the metal or alloy melting point, boiling point is too high is not suitable for evaporation.The plating metal and plated plastic products in the vacuum chamber, using certain methods of heating the plating material, the metal evaporation or sublimation, metal vapor encountered plastic surface cold condensed into a metal film.Under vacuum conditions can reduce the evaporation of materials in atomic and molecular collision to plastic products and other molecules, reduce the chemical reactivity of the molecules in a gas and steamsource between materials (such as oxidation), thus providing the filmdensity, purity, deposition rate and adhesion. Usually the vacuum evaporation film for indoorpressure equal to or less than 10-2Pa, the evaporation source andthe plated film products and high quality requirements of the occasion, requires a lower pressure (10-5Pa).The coating thickness is 0.04-0.1um, too thin, too thick, low reflectivity; poor adhesion, easy to fall off. The thickness of 0.04 reflectivity is 90%, vacuum ion plating, and vacuum coating. Vacuum plating practice now is a more popular approach, strong sense of products made out of metal and relatively high brightness. Other coating method, low cost, little pollution to the environment, is now widely used in various industries.Vacuum plating has a wide range of application, such as ABS, ABS+PC material, PC material products. At the same time because of its complex process, environment and equipment requirement is high, the price of water than electroplating expensive. This article provides a brief introduction to the process of product surface cleaning -- "to" - "-- electrostatic primer spray baking primer. Vacuum coating, spray paint, baking finish packing." -- "The general practice is in the vacuum plating material to spray a layer of primer, and then electroplating. Because the material is plastic, residual air bubbles, the injection of organic gases, and when placed in the inhalation of moisture in the air. In addition, because the plastic surface is not smooth, direct plating of the workpiecesurface is not smooth. Low gloss, poor sense of metal, and the bubble will appear, blisters and other adverse conditions. After spraying a layer of primer, will form a smooth surface, and prevent plastic itself bubble blisters, the plating effect can be demonstrated.Vacuum plating can be divided into general vacuum plating, vacuum plating, vacuum plating UV special. Process of evaporation, sputtering, gun color.For the hydropower plating process is relatively simple, from the equipment to the environmental requirements are not stringent vacuum ion plating, which is widely used. But the water electroplating have a weakness, only ABS material and ABS+PC material plating (the material plating effect is not very ideal). While the ABS material temperature is only 80 degrees, which makes the scope of application it is limited. And vacuum plating can reach 200 degrees Celsius, it can be used in high temperature treatment of electroplating parts.The wind, wind mouth mouth ring using PC material, these components are required to resist high temperature 130 degrees. On the other, the general requirements of high-temperature components, vacuum plating to do at the end of spraying a layer of UV oil, which makes the product surface luster, high temperature resistance, adhesion and guarantee.The advantages and disadvantages of two kinds of process:A, simple, vacuum plating but UV oil, its adhesion is poor, unableto 100 TEST, and the water was better than vacuum plating plating!Therefore, in order to ensure the vacuum plating adhesion required subsequent spraying treatment, the high cost of course.B water, electroplating color is monotonous, generally onlybright silver and silver and so few, for silver flash, magic blue, crack, silver drop seven on all kinds of color. But incapable of action vacuum plating can solve the problem of the color colorful.The coating material of C, the general water electroplating by "six chromium", this is not environmental protection materials. There are requirements for the "six chromium":EU: 76769EEC: prohibit the use of 9462EC:100ppm;ROHS:1000ppm so strict, some domestic manufacturers have begun totry to use "trivalent" instead of "six chromium"; and vacuum plating coating materials widely use, easy to meet the requirements of environmental protection.A simple point, is in a vacuum state will need to be coated on the surface of the product of the film materials by plasma ionization deposited on the surface of the workpiece surface processing technology.It has a vacuum evaporation deposition, sputtering, ion plating, etc., there are many ways to obtain these deposition methods: electric heating, ion beam, electron beam, DC magnetron sputtering, magnetron sputtering, sputtering and RF frequency construction, pulse sputtering, microwave plasma enhanced, arc and so on many kinds of methods, coating equipment selection can be considered according to the the demand of economic and technological conditions.Compared with the traditional wet plating, vacuum plating hasthe following advantages:1. sedimentary materials widely: low potential metal deposition of aluminum and titanium, zirconium and other wet plating cannot be deposited, the reaction gas and alloy target even more diamond coating can be deposited from the alloy to ceramics, and can be designed according to the need of coating system.2. save metal material: because the vacuum coating adhesion, density, hardness and corrosion resistance of deposited coatings can be quite good, far less than the conventional wet plating, to achieve the purpose of saving.3. no environmental pollution: because all coating materials are in vacuum environment by plasma deposition on the surface of the workpiece, no solution pollution damage to the environment, so it is quite small.But because of the availability of vacuum and plasma precision instruments and equipment is expensive, and the deposition process also lies in a few hands without a lot of technical personnel, promotion, investment and daily production cost of maintenance is expensive. But with the development of society, vacuum plating advantages will be more and more obvious, in some industries to replace the traditional wet plating is represent the general trend!Vacuum ion plating, and vacuum coating. Vacuum plating practice nowis a more popular approach, strong sense of products made out of metal and relatively high brightness. Other coatingmethod, low cost, small environmental pollution, now widely used for various industries.Vacuum plating has a wide range of application, such as ABS, ABS+PC material, PC material products.At the same time, because of its complex process, environment and equipment requirement is high, the price of water than electroplating expensive. This article provides a brief introduction to the process of product surface cleaning -- "to" - "-- electrostatic primer spray baking primer" -- vacuum coating -- "spray paint" baking finish -- "- packaging. The general practice of vacuum plating in the material to spray a layer of primer, and then electroplating. Because the material is plastic, residual air bubbles, the injection of organic gases, and when placed in the inhalation of moisture in the air. In addition, because the plastic surface is not smooth, direct plating workpiece surface is not smooth, low gloss, poor sense the metal, and the bubble will appear, blistersand other adverse conditions. After spraying a layer of primer, willform a smooth surface, and prevent plastic itself bubble blisters, the effect of electroplating To show.Vacuum plating can be divided into general vacuum plating, vacuum plating, vacuum plating UV special. Process of evaporation, sputtering, gun color.For the hydropower plating process is relatively simple, from the equipment to the environmental requirements are not stringent vacuum ionplating, which is widely used. But the water electroplating have a weakness, only ABS material andABS+PC material plating (the material plating effect is not very ideal). While the ABS material temperature is only 80 degrees, which makes the scope of application it is limited. And vacuum plating can reach 200 degrees Celsius, it can be used in high temperature treatment of electroplating parts. The wind wind mouth, mouth ring using PC material, these components are required to resist high temperature 130 degrees. On the other, the general requirements of high-temperature components, vacuum plating to do in the end spray a layer of UV oil, which makes the product surface luster, high temperature resistance, adhesion and guarantee.The advantages and disadvantages of two kinds of process:A, simple, vacuum plating but UV oil, its adhesion is poor, unable to 100 TEST, and the water was better than vacuum plating plating! Therefore, in order to ensure the vacuum plating adhesion required subsequent spraying treatment, the high cost of course.B water, electroplating color is monotonous, generally only bright silver and silver and so few, for silver flash, magic blue, crack, silver drop seven on all kinds of color. But incapable of action vacuum plating can solve the problem of the color colorful.The coating material of C, the general water electroplating by "six chromium", this is not environmental protection materials. There arerequirements for the "six chromium": EU: 76769EEC: the prohibition ofthe use of 9462EC:100ppm;ROHS:1000ppmSuch stringent requirements, some domestic manufacturers have begunto try to use "trivalent" instead of "six chromium"; and vacuum plating coating materials widely use, easy to meet the requirements of environmental protection.A simple point, is in a vacuum state will need to be coated on the surface of the product of the film materials by plasma ionization deposited on the surface of the workpiece surface processing technology.It has a vacuum evaporation deposition, sputtering, ion plating, etc., there are many ways to obtain these deposition methods: electric heating, ion beam, electron beam, DC magnetron sputtering, magnetron sputtering, sputtering and RF frequency construction, pulse sputtering, microwave plasma enhanced, arc and so on many kinds of methods, coating equipment selection can be considered according to the the demand of economic and technological conditions.Compared with the traditional wet plating, vacuum plating has the following advantages:OneThe deposited materials widely: low potential metal deposition of aluminum and titanium, zirconium and other wet plating cannot be deposited, the reaction gas and alloy target even more diamond coatingcan be deposited from the alloy to ceramics, and can be designed according to the need of coating system.2. save metal material: because the vacuum coating adhesion, density, hardness and corrosion resistance of deposited coatings can be quite good, far less than the conventional wet plating, to achieve the purpose of saving.3. no environmental pollution: because all coating materials are in vacuum environment by plasma deposition on the surface of the workpiece, no solution pollution damage to the environment, so it is quite small.But because of the availability of vacuum and plasma precision instruments and equipment is expensive, and the deposition process also lies in a few hands without a lot of technical personnel, promotion, investment and daily production cost of maintenance is expensive. But with the development of society, vacuum plating advantages will be more and more obvious, in some industries to replace the traditional wet plating is represent the general trend!Vacuum sputtering process:Give good cleaning shell injection molding, and then coated with a layer of UV primer, and then vacuum sputter plating a layer of metal film, using atomic and physical vapor deposition, after covering a layer of paint UV. The key equipment is that Taiwan vacuum sputtering machine. It is said that the value of 800W. Should be more than a little high confidential evaporation evaporation machine, with a similar boiler.Vacuum plating, the word is not exact. Not attributable toelectroplating. Of course, also called dry plating, vacuum plating is often called ion plating.We believe that the main subject, considering the mechanical properties of adhesion or metallurgical bonding coating and substrate, to expand the scope of it are referred to as vapor deposition, are classified as followsVapor depositing chemical vapor depositionPhysical vapor depositionHigh temperature and low temperature chemical vapor deposition Physical vapor deposition, ion plating...The low temperature vapor deposition is enhanced by low temperature plasma chemical vapor phase deposition. As a practical tool to strengthen the technology.。