第五章盆部与会阴一、概述了解盆部和会阴部的境界、分区和体表标志。
[07级临五]单选：14、关于盆部的表面解剖正确的是（左右髂棘最高点过第四腰椎棘突）（137）37. Which one is not the important surface landmark (E)A. pubic crest.B. pubic arch.C. ischial tuberosity.D. apex of coccyx.E. promontory of the sacrum.二、盆部1．了解骨盆的整体观及盆壁肌。
掌握盆膈的构成。
1. The bony pelvis (A) A. is formed by the two hip bones, sacrum, coccyx and their joints.B. can be divided into abdominal and pelvic part by the terminal line.C. is enclosed at the inferior pelvic aperture by perineum.D. is wider, shorter and more funnel-shaped in female than in male.E. pelvic outlet is formed by the terminal line.[07级临五]多选：3、盆底肌包括（）【填空】盆膈的肌肉包括肛提肌和尾骨肌。
肛提肌包括前列腺提肌（男）、耻骨阴道肌（女）、耻骨直肠肌、耻尾肌和髂尾肌4部分。
2. The levator ani does not include (A) A. coccygeus. B. levator prostate. C. puborectalis. D. pubococcygeus. E. iliococcygeus.【盆膈】又称盆底，它由肛提肌及覆盖其上下面的筋膜构成[07级临七]单选：21、盆膈的组成/[06级临五]选择：36、盆隔构成3. The pelvic diaphragm (E) A. encloses the whole inferior aperture of the pelvis. B. is located in the anal triangle.C. consists of levator ani, sphincter ani externus, superior and inferior fascia of pelvic diaphragm.D. has a hiatus of pelvic diaphragm for digestive and urogenital canal.E. can support the pelvic viscera.5. The hiatus of the pelvic diaphragm (A) A. is a cleft between the anteromedial margin of pelvic diaphragm.B. is filled with the urogenital diaphragm.C. is enclosed by superior and inferior fascia of urogenital diaphragm.D. is the main channel connecting the pelvic spaces and perineal space.E. is penetrated by the membranous part of the urethra in male.2．了解盆筋膜的配布、盆筋膜间隙的名称和位置。
51. The parietal pelvic fascia on the surface of the obturator internus forms (BCD)A. obtrurator membrane.B. obturator fascia.C. obturator canal.D. tendinous arch of levator ani.E. pudendal canal.52. The visceral pelvic fascia forms (BC)A. pudendal canal.B. prostatic sheath.C. cardinal ligament of uterus.D. superior fascia of pelvic diaphragm.E. retrorectal space.53. Pelvic fascial spaces include (CD)A. deep perineal space.B. superficial perineal spaceC. retropubic space.D. retrorectal space. .E. ischioanal fossa.55. Peritoneum in pelvis forms (BDE)A. the uterosacral ligament.B. the rectouterine pouch.C. the round ligament of uterus.D. the mesovarium.E. the vesicouterine pouch.65. Rectovesical or rectovaginal septum (ABCD) A. is between the rectum and urinary bladder or vagina. B. is in coronary plane.C. contacts upwards to peritoneum.D. ends downwards at the pelvic diaphragm.E. contains prostate in male.耻骨后隙和直肠后隙的位置及临床意义?【答案】耻骨后隙位于耻骨联合后面与膀胱下外侧面之间，内有大量疏松结缔组织。
临床上可经此间隙施行耻骨上切口的腹膜外膀胱手术。
直肠后隙位于骶前筋膜与直肠筋膜之间，内含疏松结缔组织和静脉丛，向上与腹膜后隙相延续。
可经此间隙行腹膜后隙充气造影术，以助诊断；由于腹膜后隙和直肠后隙相通，因而感染化脓时脓液可相互扩散。
6. The retropubic space (B) A. is located between the urinary bladder and rectum or uterus.B. is usually used for extra-peritoneal operation of urinarry bladder.C. is rich in venous plexus and unsuitable for organ separation.D. is suitable for exudation absorption.E. doesn’t communicating with other pelvic spaces7. The retrorectal space (E) A. surround the inferior part of the ampulla of rectum. B. is the space between the sacrum and presacral fascia.C. is rich in venous plexus and unsuitable for rectus separation.D. communicates downwards with the ischioanal fossa.E. communicates upwards with the retroperitoneal space .3．了解盆部的血管、神经和淋巴。
掌握髂内动脉的主要分支；掌握子宫动脉与输尿管的位置关系。
[07级临七]单选：22、髂内动脉壁支（142）[06级临五]选择：11、髂内动脉的分支（142）38. Which is wrong about the internal iliac artery (D)A. It arises from the common artery.B. It is a short trunk descending into the lesser pelvis.C. The ureter runs anterior to it.D. Send out the inferior epigastric a.E. The internal iliac vein accompanies the artery on its medial side.39. The internal iliac artery doesn’t send (D)A. superior gluteal artery.B. obturator artery.C. internal pudendal artery.D. superior rectal artery.E. inferior vesical artery.50. The internal pudendal artery (D) A. Arises from the anterior trunk of the internal iliac artery.B. Passes through the lesser sciatic foramen to enter the gluteal region.C. Runs along the lateral surface of the obturator internus.D. Supplies the perineum.E. Runs below the pudendal nerve in the pudendal canal.13．Female ureter crosses AA. above uterine arteryB. under uterine arteryC. in front of uterine arteryD. inside uterine arteryE. lateral to uterine artery18. Which one is wrong about the uterine artery (E) A. It arises from the internal iliac artery.B. It descends in front of the ureter to the base of broad ligament.C. It crosses above the ureter just lateral to the neck of the uterus.D. It sends branches to vagina, uterine tube and ovary.E. It should be protected during hysterectomy (子宫切除术).4．了解盆内脏器的配布与腹膜的关系及其临床意义。