高中定语从句教案定语从句教学目标关系代词、关系副词重点难点教学内容一、导入二、知识梳理句子中修饰名词或代词的成分叫做定语。
定语可以由形容词，名词，不定式，分词，动名词或从句来充当。
e.g.: She is a beautiful girl. (形容词beautiful做定语)She is an English teacher. (名词English做定语)(一)定语从句概念定语从句用来修饰主语或宾语。
定语从句所修饰的词叫做先行词。
定语从句一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词之后。
在先行词和定语从句之间起连接作用的词叫关系词。
关系词分为关系代词和关系副词两种。
例如:I like the books that are written by Mr. Green.This is the girl with whom I talked just now.(二)关系词引导定语从句的基本规则关系代词:that, which, who/whom, whose, as关系副词:where, when, why先行词是人时，关系词可以使who, whom, whose或that 先行词是物时，关系词只能是that, which或whose当先行词在从句中作宾语时，关系词常可以省略，其他情况则不可以省略。
A( 关系代词1. who / whom / that指代人在从句中做主语:The man who phoned me last night is a writer.在从句中做宾语:This is the girl whom / that / who I met just now.This is the girl with whom I talked just now.2. that/ which 指代物在从句中做主语:The building which/ that stands near the train station is a supermarket.Water is a compound which/ that consists of hydrogen and oxygen. 在从句中做宾语:The computer which/ that I wanted to buy was sold out.These are the houses which / that our teachers live in.3.只能用that不能用which的情况:a. 先行词是all, much, anything, something, nothing, everything, little, the one, none等不定代词以及first, last, any, only, few, much, no, some, very等词修饰。
We should do all that is useful to the people.The little that I have seen of his work is satisfactory.b. 先行词被序数词，形容词最高级以及the very, the only等词修饰。
The first book that I bought in this bookstore is a dictionary.The last person that I talked with in London is my girlfriend.The best teacher that I have ever met has gone abroad.c. 当先行词既指人又指物时。
I miss all the people and places that we visited last summer.d. 主句是以who或which开头的特殊疑问句。
Who is the man that is standing by the gate?4.只能用which不能用that的情况a. 引导非限定性定语从句时You can find whatever you need at the shopping center, which is always busy at the weekend.b. 关系代词前有介词且指事物时This is the book about which we are talking.c. 先行词本身就是thatWhat’s that which you have got in your hand?d. 两个定语从句，一个用了that, 另一个则用which.Let me show you the novel that I borrowed from the library which was newly open to us.B(关系副词关系副词代替与其相应的先行词，且在从句中分别起时间，地点和原因状语的功能。
关系副词在意义上= 介词 + which的结构1.When ==at which, on which, in which, during which…I’ll never forget the day when (on which) we moved into our new house.October 1, 1949 was the day when (on which) the People's Republic of China was founded.The year when ( in which) he went to college was 1962.2. Where == in which, at which….He teaches English in the school where (in which) I used to study English. This is the house where(in which) he lived last year.3. Why ==for whichI want to know the reason why ( for which) you were absent.I know the reason why ( for which) he came late.4.如果关系词在从句中做主语，表语或宾语，则用that 或 which.I want to visit the place where my mother was born.= I want to visit the place in which my mother was born.I still remember the years when I studied in the middle school.= I still remember the years in which I studied in the middle school.I don’t know the reason why he didn’t ag ree with us.= I didn’t know the reason for which he didn’t agree with us.5. 当先行词是the way, 并且关系词在从句中作方式状语时，可以用that,in which引导，也可省略。
I don’t like the way (that / in which) he talked to his mother.C( 非限定性定语从句非限定性定语从句和主句的关系不密切，去掉定语从句，句子的意思仍然完整，形式上用逗号把主句和从句分开，使用时注意以下几点:非限定性定语从句不能用that引导，非限定性定语从句中的关系词不能省略。
E.g.: 1.The Great Wall, which winds its way across North China is a place of interest.2.Lincoln, who led the American people those years, was shot at the theatre.3.Mr. Smith, from whom I have learned a lot, is a famous scientist.4.London, which stands on the River Thames, has a history of nearly two thousand years.5.Albert Einstein, whose Theory of Relativity is well known, is the greatest scientist in the 20th century.6.The year 1968, when (in which) the American astronauts first landed on the moon, is important in history.D. as引导的定语从句的用法1. as可引导限定性定语从句，用于such…as…., so….as…., the same….as… 结构中。
He bought me such a watch as was advertised in the newspaper.注意:比较the same… as…. 和the same… that….He bought me the same watch as I lost last week.他买了一块和我上星期丢的一样的表。
(一样，但不是同一个)He bought me the same watch that I lost last week. 他把我上星期丢的那块表又买回来了。
(同一个)2. 当非限定性定语从句的先行词不是主句中的某一个词，而是整个主句时，可以用which 或as引导。
以下情况下用as引导:a. 从句意思为“正如/正像...一样”b. 从句位于句首，构成以下结构:as is well known 众所周知 as often happens 这种情况经常发生as is often the case 情况经常这样 as is supposed 如所预料的一样as has been pointed out 如所指出的 as has been said before 如前所说下面情况经常用which引导:主句和从句表示因果关系。
He lost the game, which made us very disappointed.非限定性定语从句是否定意义。