Book III. Module 5 之语法学习：定语从句概念及引导词用来修饰某个名词或代词的从句，叫定语从句。
引导定语从句的有：关系代词that, which, who ,whom, whose, as; 关系副词when, where, how, why 等。
关系代词或关系副词有双重作用：一方面起连词作用，连接从句与主句。
另一方面它在从句中起一定的句法作用（关系代词可作主语和宾语，关系副词可作状语）。
被定语从句所修饰的那个名词或代词叫先行词，定语从句放在其后。
定语从句可分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句。
一关系代词之一1 指物的关系代词：that ; whichThere is a film. I’d like to see the film. There is a film that I’d like to see.The pen is quite good. I am using it. The pen which\that I am using is quite good.The letter is from my sister. I received it yesterday.The letter that \which I received yesterday is from my sister当关系代词在定语从句中作宾语时，引导词可省略。
思考：以上三个例句，哪些引导词可省略？(2）当堂训练：把下列每对句子连成一句，把第二个句子作为定语从句：1) The book is very interesting. You lent it to me yesterday._________________________________________________.2) The CD is on the desk. You want it .________________________________.3) The magazine is mine. He has taken it away. _____________________________.4) He came from a big family. The family is very poor.______________________________________________________________.5) Sandstorms are strong ,dry winds. The winds carry sand._______________________________________________________________.6) Ren Jianbo described a sandstorm. He experienced a sandstorm as a child.____________________________________________________________.2．指人的关系代词：who(在从句中做主语)； whom(在从句中做宾语)；that (做主语或宾语)The man is a policeman . The man is shaking hands with my father.The man who\that is shaking hands with my father is a policeman.The man is in the next room. He brought our textbooks here yesterday.The man who \that brought our textbooks here yesterday is in the next room.That is my math teacher. I referred to the teacher yesterday.That teacher( whom) I referred to yesterday is my math teacher.Mrs Smith is a friend of mine . You met Mrs Smith last week.Mrs Smith (whom) you met last week is a friend of mine.(2) 当堂训练:把下列每对句子连成一句，把第二个句子作为定语从句：1）The students will not pass the exam. They don’t study hard.___________________________________________________2) The woman is a film star. You saw her in the park.______________________________________________________3) The girl is not here now. The girl told me the news._____________________________________________________4) The boys are physics students. The boys live in this house____________________________________________________5) The man invented the first real clock. I thought of the man .____________________________________________________.6) Mozi was another teacher. He was very influential._____________________________________________.3 关系代词whose : 指所有…的，指人或物，在从句中作定语。
Confucius is the philosopher. His influence has been the greatest.Confucius is the philosopher whose influence has been the greatest.This is the scientist. His name is known all over the country.This is the scientist whose name is known all over the country.Nobody wants the house. The house’s roof has fallen in.Nobody wants the house whose roof has fallen in .(2) 当堂训练：把下列每对句子连成一句，把第二个句子作为定语从句。
1）Here is the girl. Her brother works in the shop.__________________________________________.2) This is the boy. His sister is a famous singer.___________________________________________________3) I want to talk to the boys. Their homework hasn’t been handed in ._________________________________________________________________当堂检测：1：把下列每对句子连成一句，把第二个句子作为定语从句。
1．The power station generates half the province’s energy.We visited the power station ___________________________________________.2. The woman was an expert on Egyptian relics. We met the woman at the temple.________________________________________________________________.3 The temple was Abu Simbel. We visited the temple.__________________________________________________.4. The carvings are extremely ancient. We saw the carvings on the cliff._____________________________________________________.5.Confucius is the philosopher. His influence has been the greatest._____________________________________________________________.答案1 指物的关系代词：当堂训练1）The book which/that you lent to me yesterday is very interesting.2) The CD which/that you want is on the desk.3) The magazine which/that he has taken away is mine.4) He came from a big family which/that is vey poor.5) Sandstorms are strong dry winds which/that carry sand.6) Ren Jianbo described a sandstorm which/that he experienced a sandstorm as a child.2指人的关系代词1)The students who don’t study hard will not pass the exam.2) The woman whom you saw in the park is a film star.3) The girl who told me the news is not here now.4) The boys who live in this house are physics students.5) The man who I thought of invented the first real clock.6) Mozi was another teacher who was very influential.3 关系代词whose1) Here is the girl whose brother works in the shop.2)This is the boy whose sister is famous singer.3) I want to talk to the boys whose homework hasn’t been handed in .当堂检测1The power station which we visted generates half the province’s energy.2The woman whom we met at the temple was an expert on Egyptian relics.3The temple which we visited the temple was Abu Simbel.4.The carvings which we saw on the cliff are extremely ancient.5.Confucius is the philopher whose influnence has been the greatest.关系代词之二一关系代词that 和which 用法区别：在以下情况中，只能用that ，不能用which1 先行词是everything, nothing, anything, little, much, the one 等不定代词时There is nothing that I can do 没有我能做的事。