现在分词和过去分词的用法区别（一）分词的作用·现在分词可用于：·①构成进行时。
e.g. We are studying English.·②当副词作状语。
e.g. The children came, singing and dancing.·③当形容词作定语、宾补和表语。
·e.g. Falling leaves danced in the air.·I saw many birds flying along the river.·The story is very moving.·过去分词可用于：·①构成完成时。
e.g. The play had begun when we arrived there.·②构成被动语态。
e.g. English is widely spoken in the world.·③当副词作状语。
e.g. Seen here, the city looks more beautiful.·④当形容词作定语、宾补和表语。
·e.g. a boy named Tom·I saw the girl killed with my own eyes.·I’m interested in English.（二）现在分词与过去分词的两大差别1.在语态上：现在分词表主动，过去分词表被动。
2.在时态上：现在分词表进行，过去分词表完成。
（三）确定分词的使用的具体步骤（1）根据句子结构确定分词的语法成分（2）找准逻辑主语（3）判断主、被动关系（4）选定现在或过去分词1. There was a terrible noise ____ the sudden burst of light.A. followedB. followingC. to be followedD. being followed2. The Olympic Games, ____ in 776 B. C., didn’t include women until 1912.A. first playingB. to be first playedC. first playedD. to be playing3. What’s the language ____ in Germany?A. speakingB. spokenC. be spokenD. to speak4. Most of the people ____ to the party were famous scientists.A. invitedB. to inviteC. being invitedD. inviting5. The first textbooks ____ for teaching English as a foreign language came out in the 16th century.A. having writtenB. to be writtenC. being writtenD. written（四）分词作表语共同点：分词作表语时，它起着形容词的作用。
不同点：分词作表语时，句子的主语就是该分词的逻辑主语。
但现在分词作表语时，与其逻辑主语之间是主动关系，所表示的动作一般与句中谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生；而过去分词则表示被动关系，所示动作一般发生在谓语动词之前或同时发生。
1. The news sounds ____.A. encouragingB. encouragedC. encourageD. to encourage2. —How did Bob do in the exams this time?—Well, his father seems ____ with his results.A. pleasingB. pleaseC. pleasedD. to please3. —How did the audience receive the new play?—They got very ____.A . exciteB . excitedC . excitedlyD . exciting（五）分词作宾语补足语共同点：分词在复合宾语中可作宾语补足语，对句子的宾语起补充或说明作用。
不同点：分词作宾语补足语时，句子的宾语就是该分词的逻辑主语。
但现在分词与其逻辑主语之间是主动关系，所表示的动作一般与句中谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生；而过去分词则表示被动关系，所示动作一般发生在谓语动词之前或同时发生。
1. The next morning she found the man ____ in bed, dead.A. lyingB. lieC. layD. laying2. —Good morning. Can I help you?—I’d like to have the package ____, madam.A. be weighedB. to be weighedC. to weighD. weighed3. He is not good at English, so it is not easy for him to make himself ______.A. understandB. understandingC. understoodD. understands4. If you wave your book in front of your face, you can feel the air ____ against your face.A. movedB. movingC. movesD. to move（六）分词作状语共同点：分词作状语时，一般在句子中作时间、原因、方式或伴随等状语。
不同点：分词作状语时，句子的主语就是该分词的逻辑主语。
但现在分词作状语时，与其逻辑主语之间是主动关系，所表示的动作一般与句中谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生；而过去分词则表示被动关系，所示动作一般发生在谓语动词之前或同时发生。
1. “Can’t you read?” Mary said ，____ to the notice.A. angrily pointingB. and point angrilyC. angrily pointedD. and angrily pointing2. ____ a reply, he decided to write again.A. Not receivingB. Receiving notC. Not having receivedD. Having not received3. The visiting Minister expressed his satisfaction with the talks, ____ that he had enjoyed his stay here.A. having addedB. to addC. addingD. added4．The murderer was brought in, with his hands ____ behind his back.A. being tiedB. having tiedC. to be tiedD. tied【模拟试题】I. 单项选择1. ____ the house on fire, he dialed 119.A. To seeB. SeeingC. Having seenD. Being seen2. I fell down and broke three of my teeth. I wonder how many times I have to come here and get my false teeth ____.A. fixB. fixingC. fixedD. to fix3. We’re ___ to list en to her ____ voice. It’s ___to hear her sing.A. pleased; pleasing; pleasureB. pleased; pleasant; a pleasureC. pleasing; pleased; a pleasureD. pleasing; pleasant; pleasure4. ___a post office, I stopped____ some stamps.A. Passed, buyingB. Passing, to buyC. Having passed, buyD. Pass, to buy5. ____with the size of the whole earth, the highest mountain does not seem high at all.A. ComparingB. To compareC. ComparedD. Having compared6. Here are some new computer programs ____for home buildings.A. designingB. designC. designedD. to design7. ____a little money, Jimmy was able to buy his mother a lovely new lamp.A. To saveB. SavingC. SavedD. Having saved8. The teacher came into the classroom ____by his students.A. followingB. to be followingC. followedD. having followed9. With the money ___, he couldn’t buy any ticket.A. to loseB. losingC. lostD. has lost10. There was so much noise in the room that the speaker couldn’t make himself ____.A. being heardB. hearingC. heardD. hear11. The result of the test was rather _____.A. disappointedB. disappointingC. being disappointedD. disappoint12. I’ve never he ard the word ____in spoken English.A. useB. usedC. usingD. being used13. _____how to do the homework, I went to ask my teacher for help.A. Not to knowB. Not knowingC. Knowing notD. Not known14. Deeply __, I thanked her again and again.A. being movingB. movedC. movingD. to be moved15. With winter _____on, it’s time to buy warm clothes.A. cameB. comesC. comeD. coming16. ____the office, the foreign visitors were shown round the teaching building.A. Having shownB. ShowingC. Has shownD. Having been shown17. He went from door to door, ____waste papers and magazines.A. gatheringB. gatheredC. gatherD. being gathered18. The student corrected his paper carefully, ____the professor’s suggestions.A. followB. followingC. followedD. being followed19. The ___price will save you one dollar for each dozen.A. reduceB. reducingC. reducedD. reduces20. People ____in the city do not know the pleasure of country life.A. liveB. to liveC. livedD. living21. The foreigner tried his best, but he still couldn’t make his point ___.A. understandB. understandingC. to understandD. understood22. The scientists were waiting to see the problem ______.A. settleB. settledC. to settleD. settling23. The library’s study room is full of students _____for the exam.A. busily preparedB. busy preparingC. busily prepareD. are busily preparing24. The ground is _____with ____ leaves.A. covering, fallingB. covered, fallingC. covered, fallenD. covering, fallen25. Lessons ____easily were soon forgotten.A. to learnB. learnC. learnedD. learning。