个量与总量分析法
Macroeconomics — Total approach. Studies economic aggregates ( total national product, total employment, inflation, money supply, etc. )
Connection and differences between microeconomics and macroeconomics
Value judgments, or goals, of public policy.
四. Tools of Analysis
Literary Economics
Mathematical Economics Graphs – Pictures at Exhibition
Demand Individual Demand and Market Demand Arc Elasticity and Point Elasticity Price Elasticity of Demand Income Elasticity of Demand Cross Elasticity of Demand
实证与规范分析法
Positive Economics vs Normative Economics
Positive Economics — What is The analysis of facts and data, “the way
things are” Normative Economics — y of how producers and consumers use scarce resources to produce valuable commodities and distribute them among different groups.
Core of Economics
一. Individual Demand and Market Demand
Microeconomics
Microeconomics analyzes the behavior of individual components like industries, firms, and households.
Individual Components
Individual consumers Firms Owner of factors
What
How to choose?
How
For whom
二. ME and Microeconomics
Managerial Economics： Economics ＋ Decision Making ＋ Statistics
管理经济学为工商管理的其他课程 提供了基本的思维方法和分析工具。
Most content of ME come from Microeconomics
The whole is not always the sum of the parts —
The fallacy of composition
静态与动态分析法
Static approach — “Other things are held equal” ceteris paribus
Dynamic approach — Affected by other factors Such as income, the prices of other
commodities, taste, prediction, the change of factors etc.
定性与定量分析法
Qualitative approach －The nature of the matter.
Quantitative approach －Statistical data.
三. Basic Research Approach of ME
Four Types：
▪ Individual vs total approach ▪ Static vs dynamic approach ▪ Qualitative vs quantitative approach ▪ Positive vs normative approach
Limited goods Unlimited wants
The Law of Scarcity
Goods are scarce because there are not enough resources to produce all the goods that people want to consume.
There are no priority and relative importance between microeconomics and macroeconomics
The aggregate of microeconomics is not equal to the macroeconomics
Liu Houjun
April, 2004
Introduction
Core Problems to Deal With Object Basic Research Approach Tools
一. Core Problems for ME to Dear With
Core Problems of Economics
个量与总量分析法
Microeconomics — Individual approach. Analysis dealing with the behavior of individual elements in an economy, such as the determination of the price of a single product or the behavior of a single consumer or business firm