专业外语综合阅读与翻译报告学院：信息电子技术学院专业：电子信息工程班级：一班学籍号：********姓名：******成绩：2016年5月20日英文原文：With all the exciting developments in the realm of communications technology over the last few years it would be easy to think that we are living in times of the most astounding transformations. However, the technologies that so many of us are addicted to today mobile phones, the internet, satellite TV are built on the achievements of our endeavors. The history of communication goes back thousands of years. Each new development has transformed the world we live in. An understanding of the journey we have taken to get where we are now shows that today’s techniques are refinements of what came before. Really big revolutions may be still to come.communication begins with the first conversations between people it is believed that language developed through gestures using the hands and bodies, and had evolved into spoken tongues by the time of the great migration of humans from Africa some 100,000 years ago.The first long distance communication must have arisen shortly after conversation, with the discovery that it was possible to make oneself heard from a distance by shouting, or banging objects together to make a sound that travels far. The fire and the smoke it produces may also have been used for simple communication between separated groups.Communication techniques such as shouting and smoke signals allow people to make their mark over a wider area. The recording of information allowed human beings to communicate over great expanses of time. Cave paintings up to 36,500 years old have been found people from that far back are communicating with us today although it is hard to know what they were saying. 5,500 years ago, more systematized alphabets were developed by the Phoenicians. Sumerians and Egyptians. They also developed new ways of storing their information, some of which have survived till today. Scholars have had some success in translating these alphabets and the languages they convey, giving us insight into societies long dead.The realisations that it is possible to communicate through space and time are the two most important communication leaps in history. Everything that has come since has merely improved the efficiency of these two tasks.The next leap was the combination of writing and transmitting information. This begin with people or animals acting as couriers, delivering written messages. The first postal services were in China around 900BC. Human runners and birds were used to transport messages starting in at least 776BC, when the winner of the Olympic games was reported to the Athenians via homing pigeons possible the first journalist reporting back to base from a remote location.With the discovery of electricity the speed and range of communication once again began to increase. In 1793 Claude Chappe invented the Semaphore telegraph line, which allowed reliableand fast communication over wires between distant locations. Methods such as the Heliograph which require two locations being able to see each other limited the possible distance of rapid communications. The semaphore broke through this barrier, opening the way for even more radical developments.The invention of techniques such as Morse code allowed complex messages to be transferred at very high speeds over this new medium. This had huge repercussions for many aspects of human life – transport could be better coordinated, government could transmit decisions to distant offices almost instantaneously, businesses could work with more businesses over large distances.With Joseph Henry’s invention of the telegraph in 1831 developments took on a cheetah like speed – with thirty years wires were strung around and between many countries in the world. At first these were used to transmit simple signals in the form of short and long beeps – Morse code. Shortly after this, in 1843, Alexander Bain developed the chemical telegraph –a machine that enabled messages written on paper to be copied onto another machine a long distance away – the first Fax machine! Nearly twenty years later Alexander Graham Bell patented the electric telephone. This enabled people with no training to communicate in the most natural form speaking even when separated by hundreds of miles. The first telephone conversation was between bell and his assistant, Watson-Mr. Watson, come here, I want you! These words changed the world forever.Over 45 years the limit of how fast people could communicate had gone from the speed of the fastest form of transport, to the speed that signals could travel down an electric wire –the speed of light! These developments made it possible to communicate efficiently over much larger distances, changing social lives, government, military operations, investments, agriculture, almost everything.We saw how the storage of communication in the form of writing was a leap that permitted people to communicate through time as well as space. Shortly after the invention of thetelephone, the storage of sound became possible. In 1877 Tomas Edison patented the phonograph, which used wax cylinders to record sound. Ten years later the invention of gramophone made it possible for sound recordings to last much longer – early recordings made over 100 years ago can still be listened to today.The technologies that I have discussed in these articles have all helped us store and transmit communication. All these technologies are joining together in the form of computers and the internet. A cheap computer connected to the internet gives a person access to storage and transmission of wireless words, sounds, and images both still and moving. The future will see this convergence grow, with mobile computers allowing us to take photographs and send them to our friends instantly, wherever they are.Eventually we may even combine ourselves with our mobile computers, and transmit our thoughts and experiences directly into the heads of other people. Communication is after all about sharing experience.阅读翻译：随着通信技术在过去几年中所有令人兴奋的领域中的发展，这将是很容易认为我们正生活在一个最令人震惊的时代转换。