whom they are waiting for . Do you know_________________________. （他们在等谁）
. Please tell me _______________________. （我们什么时候开会） when we’ll have a meeting
what to do next
(三）当主句的谓语动词是ask, tell, show, teach 等时，从句可简化为“疑问词+不定式”结构。 eg: (4) Will you please show me how I can work it out? →Will you please show me ___________________. how to work it out
(二）当宾语从句的主语和主句的主语相同，且主句
的谓语动词是know, remember, forget, learn 等 时，从句可简化为“疑问词+不定式”结构。
eg: (3) She doesn’t know what she should do next. →She doesn’t know________________.
e.g. whether (if) he can come 1. Ask him _____________________ . （他是否能来） whether it is going to rain or not 2. I don’t know ___________________________. （是否要下雨）
He said
2.当主句是一般过去时的时候，宾语从句必须运用相 应的过去的某一种时态，从而达到主句和从句的相互 一致。（呼应性原则）
确定从句的时态(根据主句时态)
主句时态
一般现在时 从 句 时 态 连 接 前 连 接 后 时态保持不变 一般现在时 一般过去时 一般过去时 过去完成时 过去将来时 过去进行时 过去完成时
语法专项复 习 Object Clause
宾语从句
一、宾语从句的概念
宾语从句即句子作宾语，而不再是一个词或短语作宾 语。 I like my teacher.（名词作宾语) I know him .（代词作宾语） I know Mr Li teaches English. (句子作宾语）
包含宾语从句的句子结构： 主句+连接词（引导词）+宾语从句
与to do 不定式连用只能用whether 4. ____ he will come is not decided.
作主语只能用whether
由连接代词what, whom, whose, which, what及连接 副词 when, where, how, why引导的宾语从句
who could answer the question (谁能回答这个问题） . He asked __________________________.
hear that)
1.当主句是一般现在时，宾语从句的时态不作限制， 我们可以根据句子的需要使用任何一种时态。 （需要性原则）

2. 如果主句的时态是一般过去时，宾语从句只能用相应的 _________ 过去 时态（一般过去时， 过去进行时， 过去将来时， 过去完成时）。例如：

He told me that he was born in Beijing in 1992. He said that he would go back to the U.S. soon.
3. The teacher told us (that) ___________________________. the earth moves around the sun
（地球围着太阳转）
注意：当从句是客观真理的时候，无论主句什么时态，从 句一律用一般现在时
由从属连词whether, if 引导的宾语从句

பைடு நூலகம்
四.宾语从句中时态的变化
填一填
was( be ) a worker two years ago. Jim is ( be ) an English teacher now . Jim will cook Jim ( cook ) dinner tomorrow . is singing Jim ( sing )a popular song now. Jim ( be ) to the Great Wall twice . has been Jim was playing ( play ) basketball when his father came back. Jim had learned ( learn )1000 Chinese words by the end of last semester.
四、否定转移
在含有宾语从句的主从复合句中，当主句的主语为第一人 称，谓语动词是think， believe, guess, suppose等时， 要将从句的否定词转移到主句中，即主句的谓语动词用否定 式，宾语从句的谓语动用肯定式。
一般过去时
一般将来时 现在进行时 现在完成时

3. 如果宾语从句所陈述的是客观真理，即使主句用 了过去时，从句仍用 _______ 一般现在时态。例如： The teacher said that the earth moves around the sun.
比一比
He told me (that) Summer is after Spring . I was told (that) the sun is much bigger than the moon. My parents told me (that) no news is good news.
(四）当直接引语为祈使句，变为间接引语时， 用ask/tell/order Sb. (not) to do sth 结构。
eg: (5)A: Please be quiet.
B: What did Bill say? A: He asked us to be quiet.
(6) "Don't trouble me" he said to me. He told me not to trouble him.
eg: (1) I hope that I can receive your e-mail. → I hope to receive your e-mail (2) He has decided that he should improve his study skills. → He has decided to improve his study skills.

1. 如果主句的时态是一般现在时，宾语从 句的时 态根据具体情况来确定，可以是_________ 任 何 时态。 I don’t think (that) you are right. Please tell us where we’ll go fishing tomorrow. Do you know when Mr. Smith moved here?
将下列问句变成陈述句。 1. Can he swim ? → He can swim . 2. Does he have a pen ? → He has a pen . 3. Which place did he go to ? →Which placehe went to . 4. What's wrong with you ? → What's wrong with you . 5. What happened to you ? → What happened to you . 6. Which is the way to the station? → Which is the way to the station .
if和when还可以引导时间状语从句 当主句为将来时，从句用一般现在时态。




will arrive Could you tell me when he _________? Could you please call me when he _______? arrives (arrive) explain (explain) I really don't know if hewill ________ the problem to us though he has been asked for several times. You can paint your room blue if you ______ feel (feel) upset.
辨一辨
1) He will go to Hong Kong . 2) He is sick. 3) He is reading a book . 4) He has finished his work. 1) He 2) He 3) He 4) He would go to Hong Kong . was sick. was reading a book . his work. had finished
当句末为or not时，引导词只能用whether而不能用if.
If 与whether 的区别
1. I don’t know _____ he will come or not. 与or not 连用只能用whether 2. I don’t care of ______ he is handsome. 介词后只能用whether 3. He wondered ______ to stay here the next week.
想一想
为什么4，5，6 语序不变？
说一说将上面的句子置于一个主句后，变成一个宾语从句 Can you tell me/I want to know/I wonder/Please tell me……? e.g. Can you tell me if/whether he can swim?