When the MAIN clause is first, it is usually NOT
followed by a comma!
COMPLEX SENTENCE:
SUBORDINATING CONJUNCTIONS
Even though Bob is ugly, he is popular.
Basic Elements
SUBJECT
PREDICATE
Mary
plays tennis.
SIMPLE SENTENCE
SUBJECT
PREDICATE
Mary
one subject
plays tennis.
one predicate
Simple Sentence
Tom and Mary
Compound Subject &
SIMPLE SENTENCE with compound subject
and compound predicate
Tom and Mary play tennis and swim.
Hi, I’m Punctuation Pete!
SIMPLE SENTENCE with compound subject
COMBINES BOTH TYPES
Mike is popular because he is good looking, but he is not very happy.
Punctuate each clause according to its rules!
Punctuation Review!
Semicolon after first independent clause--
Comma before conjunctive adverb!
COMPLEX SENTENCE: Adverb Clauses--Subordinating
Conjunction
People had continuous moderate exercise when they had to hunt for food.
play tennis.
Simple Sentence
Tom and Mary
Compound Subject &
play tennis and swim.
Compound Predicate &
SIMPLE SENTENCE with compound subject
Tom and Mary play tennis.
Men may exercise harder, but they may not exercise as regularly as women do.
Comma before coordinating conjunction!
COMPOUND SENTENCE: Conjunctive Adverb
PREDICATE
Complex Sentence
Bob
is popular
even though
he
is ugly.
COMPLEX SENTENCE:
SUBORDINATING CONJUNCTIONS
ADVERB CLAUSES
EVEN THOUGH WHEN BECAUSE UNLESS WHEREAS
CONJUNCTIVE ADVERB:
AT THE BEGINNING
Bob is handsome; moreover, he is rich.
CONJUNCTIVE ADVERB:
IN THE MIDDLE
Bob is handsome; he is, moreover, Nhomakorabearich.
CONJUNCTIVE ADVERB:
SUBJECT
PREDICATE
SUBJECT
and
PREDICATE
Compound Sentence
Tom
swims,
Mary
and
plays tennis.
COMPOUND SENTENCE:
COORDINATING CONJUNCTIONS
FOR AND NOR BUT OR YET SO
CONJUNCTIVE ADVERBS
Bob is handsome; moreover, he is rich.
Clause 1 Independent
Clause 2 Independent
COMPOUND SENTENCE:
CONJUNCTIVE ADVERBS
Bob is handsome; moreover, he is rich.
COMPOUND SENTENCE:
COORDINATING CONJUNCTIONS
Tom swims, and Mary plays tennis.
Clause 1 Independent
Clause 2 Independent
COMPOUND SENTENCE:
COORDINATING CONJUNCTIONS
COMPLEX SENTENCE:
SUBORDINATING CONJUNCTIONS
Bob is popular even though he is ugly.
Clause 1 Independent
Clause 2 Dependent
COMPLEX SENTENCE:
SUBORDINATING CONJUNCTIONS
When main clause is first, it is not usually followed by a comma!
COMPLEX SENTENCE: Adverb Clauses--Subordinating
Conjunction
When people had to hunt for food, they had continuous moderate exercise.
IN THE MIDDLE
Bob is handsome; he is, moreover, rich.
Note: Place commas before and after a conjunctive adverb
in the middle!
CONJUNCTIVE ADVERB:
AT THE END
COMPOUND SENTENCE:
SEMICOLON
Matt has benefited from his exercise program; he is slim and energetic.
Complex Sentence
SUBJECT
PREDICATE
even though
SUBJECT
Comma after conjunctive adverb!
COMPOUND SENTENCE: Conjunctive Adverb--in the middle Native and nonnative English speakers have different needs; some schools, however, fail to distinguish between these groups.
Sentence Structure
Sentence Types
Sentence Structure
Sentence Types
Sentence Types
• Simple • Compound • Complex
Basic Elements of
Every Sentence
SUBJECT
PREDICATE
Native and nonnative English speakers have different needs; however, some schools fail to distinguish between these groups.
Semicolon before conjunctive adverb
Bob is handsome; he is rich, moreover.
CONJUNCTIVE ADVERB:
AT THE END
Bob is handsome; he is rich, moreover.
Note: Place a comma before a conjunctive adverb at the end!
Note: Semicolon before conjunctive adverb and comma after conjunctive adverb!
Conjunctive Adverbs “float”
• Conjunctive adverbs are sometimes called “floating” adverbs because they can be positioned at the beginning, in the middle, or at the end of a clause.
SIMPLE SENTENCE
My friends and I play tennis and go bowling every weekend.
No commas before “and” in compound subjects and predicates!
COMPOUND SENTENCE: Coordinating Conjunction
Tom swims, and Mary plays tennis.
Comma before “and” in compound sentences!