被动语态的几种特殊用法一、短语动词（“动词＋介词/ 副词”、“动词＋副词＋介词”），如：look after, laugh at, operate on, bring out, give up, put off, do away with, make up for, look down upon 等作谓语，变被动语态时，要把它们看作一个整体，其中的介词或副词不能漏掉。

例如：1. We look after the baby carefully. 我们小心地照看着婴儿。

The baby is looked after carefully.二、感官动词（see, watch, notice, hear, feel 等）和使役动词（let, make, have 等）用在主动句中，要求后面接不带to 的不定式作宾语补足语，但变被动语态时，要加上to 。

因为此时原宾语补足语就变成主语补足语了。

例如：3.I saw the boy play in the street. 我看见男孩在街上玩。

The boy was seen to play in the street.三、带双宾语的句子变被动语态时，如果“直宾”作主语，通常要在“间宾”前加to ，但当谓语动词为make, mend, buy, pay, get, sing, cook, fetch, spare, find 等时，要在“间宾”前加for 。

例如：5. They pass me a letter. 他们递给我一封信。

A letter is passed to me.6. The mother bought her daughter a gift. 那位母亲给她女儿买了一件礼物。

A gift was bought for her daughter.四、带复合宾语（宾语＋宾语补足语）的句子，即宾语和宾语补足语都是名词或代词充当的句子，变被动语态时，只能将宾语变为被动语态的主语，而宾补保留在谓语后面。

例如：7. They call the girl Lucy. 他们叫那个女孩露茜。

The girl is called Lucy.五、当anybody, anything 等不定代词作主动式否定句的宾语时，变被动语态时，应将其变为nobody, nothing 作被动句的主语，而把被动句的谓语动词变为肯定形式。

例如：8. He hasn't eaten anything until this morning. 到今天早上为止他什么都没吃。

Nothing has been eaten until this morning.六、有些动词和动词短语是没有被动形式的，也不可用其过去分词作后置定语，如arrive, die, become, disappear, happen, take place, break out, belong to 等。

例如：9. The American Civil War broke out in 1861. 在1861 年美国内战爆发了。

七、当谓语动词为say, report, think, believe, expect, know, consider, suppose 等的句子变被动语态时，有两种形式：A. 用it 作形式主语，而真正的主语用从句的形式来表达，句型为：It is said / reported / supposed / believed that …（据说/ 据报道/ 据推测/ 有人相信……）。

例如：11. People say that he is a doctor. → It is said that he is a doctor. 据说他是个医生。

B. 谓语动词用被动语态，动词不定式作主语补足语。

例如：12. People say that he is a doctor. → He is said to be a doctor.八、主动形式表被动意义的几种情况。

A. read, act, write, feel, sell, wear, wash, open, shout, clean, cook, keep, play, cut, fill, blow, measure, lock, allow, run, record, begin 等，在主语是物的句子里时，常用主动形式表被动意义。

例如：14. This pen writes smoothly. 这支钢笔很好用。

15. The machine runs well. 机器运转良好。

B. 一些表示状态特征的连系动词或一些感官动词，如look, feel, smell, taste, sound, prove, appear 等充当系动词时，用主动形式表被动意义。

例如：16. The roses smell sweet. 玫瑰花闻起来很香。

C. 动词不定式前有形容词light, heavy, easy, difficult, expensive, fit, nice, interesting, dangerous, bitter 等，且与句子主语构成动宾关系时，用主动形式表被动意义。

例如：19. The telephone number “ 119 ” is easy to remember.电话号码119 很好记。

1. The Great Wall ____ all over the world.A. knowsB. knewC. is knownD. was known2. Plays ______ twice a month in that theatre.A. put onB. are put onC. was put onD. often put on3. English ____ in Canada.A. speaksB. are spokenC. is speakingD. is spoken4. This English song___ by the girls after class.A. often singsB. often sangC. is often sangD. is often sung5. Doctors ___ in every part of the world.A. needB. are needingC. are neededD. will need一般过去时1. A strange sound ______ yesterday evening.A. was heardB. hearsC. heardD. is heard2. The People's Republic of China ___ on October 1, 1949.A. foundB. was foundedC. is foundedD. was found3. The bridges___ two years ago.--It's a Haidian top problemA. is builtB. builtC. were builtD. was built4.Jane ___ to sing us an American song last Saturday.A. calledB. was askedC. toldD. was said5. I ___ five minutes to decide whether I should go or not.A. gaveB. was givingC. had givenD. was given6.The boy___ streets without pay in the old days.A. was made to cleanB. made cleanC. made to cleanD. was made clean7. These children____ dance.A. were seen toB. were seen forC. were seenD. saw to8._____ a new library _____ in our school last year?A. Is; builtB. Was; builtC. Does; buildD. Did ; build9.--When ___ this kind of computers______? --Last year.A. did; useB. was; usedC. is; usedD. are; used10.A story _____ by Granny yesterday.A. was told usB. was told to usC. is told usD. told us一般将来时1. The new type of car is going to ______ in three years.A. turn outB. be turned outC. has turned outD. have been turned out2. The key ___ on the table when I leave.A. was leftB. will be leftC. is leftD. has been left3. His new book___ next month.A. will be publishedB. is publishingC. is being publishedD. has been published4. The sports meet ___ be held until next week.A. didn'tB. won'tC. isn'tD. doesn't5. The 2010 World Cup ______ by South Africa.A. is hostedB. is going to hostC. will be hostedD. would be hosted1. Meat _______ out in this shop. We can _________ now.A. have been sold, get nothingB. has been sold, get nothingC. has been sold, get someD. have been sold, get some2 ______ the job ______ by Lucy or by John? Tell me the truth , please.A. Has … finishedB. Has …being finishedC. Is …finishD. Has …been finished3. -I'd like to buy that coat.-I'm sorry. ___.A. it soldB. it's sellingC. It's been soldD. it had been sold4. These papers___ yet.A. have not writtenB. have not been writtenC. has not writtenD. has not been written情态动词1. Old people must ___.A. look after wellB. be looked well afterC. looked well afterD. be looked after well2. Water ______ into ice.A. will changedB. must be changedC. should changeD. can be changed3. My shoes are worn out.A. Can't they be mended?B. Let me have a look at it.C. How much do they cost?D. Can't they mended?4. The flowers___ often.A. must be waterB. must be wateredC. must wateredD. must water5. The books may___ for two weeks.A. be keptB. be borrowedC. keepD. borrow6. The broken bike____ here by Mr Smith.A. can mendB. can mendedC. can be mendD. can be mended7. Our room must ___ clean.A. keepB. be keptC. to be keptD. to keep例外1. He fell from his bike and ___.A. is hurtB. gets hurtC. got hurtD. hurt2. You___ more beautiful in the light blue shirt.A. seeB. watchC. lookD. look at3.What you said ___. like a good idea.A. heardB. listenedC. soundD. sounded4. What do you think of the TV play?-Wonderful. It is worth___ a second time.A. watchingB. watchedC. seenD. seeing5. How dirty the tables are! They need___.A. to cleanB. cleanC. cleaningD. cleaned6. Great changes___ in the past ten years in China.A. took placeB. have taken placeC. were taking placeD. had taken place7. You can't use the computer, it____.A. was broken downB. is wrongC. is badD. has broken down8. These stones___ well.A. are fittedB. fitC. fitsD. is fitted9. The bike ___ 500 yuan.A. was costB. costedC. costD. is costed10. －Do you like the skirt ? －It _______ soft.A. is feelingB. feltC. feelsD. is felt二、用括号内所给动词的正确形式填空。