險，減少產品之前置時間。 利於單位間之協調與合作 可借以開發出新產品
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統計流程控制Statistical Process Control (SPC)-Out of Control
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IT/S in Manufacturing
TQM Quality circle Six Sigma ISO 9000
吳明泉博士 2007
IT/S in Manufacturing
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Definition of Quality
Conformance to requirements與需求相符:
meeting written specifications
Manufacturing Quality Management
生產品質管理
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Outline
Quality Definition House of Quality (HOQ) Application Statistical Process Control (SPC)統計流程控制 The Cost of Quality品質成本 Quality Experts and Key Concepts
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A Simple HOQ（House of Quality) Matrix
A matrix defines the relationship between the requirements of customer and product characteristic
Cost of nonconformance (CONC): taking responsibility for failures or not meeting quality expectations負擔失敗或未能與品質期 望相符責任的成本
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Modern Quality Management
requires customer satisfaction客戶滿意 prefers prevention to inspection預防勝於檢驗 recognizes management responsibility for
quality確認品質管理品之
認知及比較
技術評估及目標值
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An example of Detailed HOQ Matrix
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Linked Quality Function Deployment (QFD)品質功能部署 Matrices
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Cost of Quality
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Five Cost Categories Related to Quality
Prevention cost: the cost of planning and executing a project so it is error-free or within an acceptable error range 「預防成本」
品質屋 組件選用 流程規畫 生產需求
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Quality Function Deployment (QFD) 品質功能部署之優點
常用之工具，製造及服務業皆然 有系統的暸解客戶需求，並轉換成技術需求。 便於提早確定產品特性，降低修改設計的風
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An example of HOQ Matrix
product characteristic
Customer’s requirements
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A Detailed HOQ
產品特性
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cost of equipment used to perform prevention and
appraisal
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activities
「IT/S衡in M量anu與fact測uring試設備成1本4 」
品質成本（傳統vs.現在觀點比較）
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IT/S in Manufacturing
External failure cost: cost that relates to all errors not detected and corrected before delivery to the customer 「外部錯誤成本」
Measurement and test equipment costs: capital
Appraisal cost: the cost of evaluating processes and their outputs to ensure quality 「鑑定成本」
Internal failure cost: cost incurred to correct an identified defect before the customer receives the product 「內部錯誤成本」
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統計流程控制Statistical Process Control (SPC)-in Control
•都在區間內，且接近平均值 •上下比例大至相同 •無不常之型態
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The Cost of Quality品質成本
Cost of conformance (COC): delivering products that meet requirements and fitness for use達到完成品符合需求，並適合使用所耗 費的成本