Passage 1This trend is likely to persist, in part because it isn’t just wealth that’s moving from West to East. Each time manufacturing and services are outsourced to Asia, knowledge, technology and skills are also transferred. Professor Richard Smalley, a Nobel-Prize-winning chemist at RiceUniversity, estimated that by 2010, 90% of all Ph,Ds in physical science and engineering may be living in Asia. With economic prowess comes geopolitical power. For many countries, exports to China have replaced exports to the U.S. as engines of growth—one reason why a long-time U.S. ally likeSouth Korea is cozying up to China. Moreover, China’s appetite for raw materials is shifting political power from industrialized countries to resource-rich ones.这一趋势很可能会持续下去，部分原因是它不仅仅是财富的由西向东流动。
每次生产和服务外包到亚洲的时候，知识，工艺和技能都会随之得到转移。
莱斯大学的化学家，诺贝尔奖获得者，理查德·斯麦利估计到2010年，90%的物理学和工程学可能都住在亚洲。
随着经济威力的出现，地理政治力量也出现了。
对于许多国家来说，对中国的出口已经取代了对美国的出口，成为其增长发动机—这也是一些美国的长期同盟国，如韩国，开始奉承中国的原因。
而且，中国对原料的需求正在将政治力量从工业化国家像资源丰富的国家转移。
Passage 2There is no 1 best corporate culture. An optimal culture is one that best supports the mission and strategy of the company of which it is a part. This means that, like structure and staffing, corporate culture should support the strategy. Unless strategy is in complete agreement with the culture, any significant change in strategy should be followed by a modification of the organization’s culture. Although corporate culture can be changed, it may often take a long time and it requires much effort. A key job of management involves managing corporate culture. In doing so, management must evaluate what a particular change in strategy means to the corporate culture, assess if a change in culture is needed, and decide if an attempt to change the culture is worth the likely costs.最好的企业文化是不存在的。
一个理想的文化对所在公司的任务和策略能够给予最好的支持。
也就是说，企业文化像公司的组织机构和职员一样能支撑其策略的实施。
除非策略与文化达到完全统一，否则在策略上所做的任何重大改变都会导致组织文化的变化。
虽然企业文化可以改变，但这可能需要很长的时间，也要花费大量的精力。
管理的一个重要工作就是管理企业文化。
这就是说要评价一个特定的策略改变对企业文化意味着什么，评估文化是否也需要改变，并且决定是否值得做这样的改变。
Passage 3Many investment managers devote their time and energy to seeking out profitable investments from which they hope to earn more than the equity premium return offered by the overall market. They operate on the belief that they know more than the sellers from whom they buy—and therefore will be able to buy low. Or when they are selling, they will know more than the buyers to whom they sell—and therefore will be able to sell high. This may have been realistic for numerous investors many years ago, but it is a more questionable strategy in today’s market where the prices of stocks are set by the trading of sophisticated, informed, professional investors managing the funds of large institutions.许多投资经理人将自己的时间和经理投入与寻求有利可图的投资，从中他们希望获得比整个市场提供的股权溢价回收更多的利润。
他们相信自己比那些向他们卖出东西的卖方了解更多，因而他们可以低价购进。
或者，当他们在卖东西的时候，他们会比买方了解得更多，因此他们可以高价出售。
这一点在很多年前也许是事实，但是在如今的市场上，这却是有待探讨的战略，因为在这个市场上，股票的价格是由久经世故的、见多识广的、专业的、管理大型机构基金的投资商的贸易而制定的。
Passage 4Despite such a major obstacle, foreign MNEs are learning that there are a number of useful strategies that can help them to break into the Japanese market. In the case of suppliers, for example, it is important to be patient and to continue to bid for business. At first, many keiretsus turn down foreign companies because they want to stay within their cartel-like arrangement. However, these keiretsus are also interested in pushing out their major competitors, and a foreign supplier with high-quality products will often find that one of the major keiretsus will break with tradition and make a deal. Additionally, many small keiretsus are trying to get off the ground and to gain market shares.虽然有如此主要的障碍，跨国公司了解到还有许多有用的战略可以帮助其进驻日本市场。
比如说在供应商方面，耐心地继续为某项业务投标是很重要的。
首先，许多日本经连组织成员拒绝外国公司的加入是因为他们希望保留他们的卡特尔模式。
然而，这些日本经连组织成员也有兴致排挤他们的主要竞争对手，因此，一家拥有高质量产品的外国供应商经常会发现日本经连组织的主要成员之一会打破传统，跟他们达成一笔交易。
此外，该组织中的很多小公司正在尽力取得进展从而获得市场份额。
Passage 5In his recent article on China's historical tasks at the primary stage of socialism and its foreign policy, Premier Wen Jiabao acknowledges that the socialist system in China is still immature and has a large room for improvement. It was the first time a senior Chinese leader had published such a judgment. When referring to China's underdevelopment at the current primary stage of socialism, Premier Wen Jiabao does not restrict the topic to such familiar economic issues as China's low per capita gross domestic product, its 20 million impoverished people and the serious imbalance in urban and rural development. He also emphasizes the underdevelopment in another area—that of “the immature socialist system.”温家宝最近在其关于中国社会主义初级阶段的历史任务及外交政策的报告中，承认了中国的社会主义体制还不够成熟，还有很大的发展空间。