形容词和副词一、形容词高考分析：考查的重点是形容词的比较级和最高级，以及形容词的句法作用（修饰名词时误用副词，作表语时该用形容词时误用名词等）。
（一）、形容词的句法作用:形容词在句中重要作定语、表语、宾语补足语和状语。
1.作定语①Their heart-broken mother receives news about all her dead sons on the same day.改错：Lots of studies have shown that global warming has already become a veryseriously problem. （2012全国卷改）2．作表语①I was glad to hear you’re alive and well.改错：whenever I think of the old days, I feel very happily. _______3. 作宾语补足语①I thought I had made it very clear.②-------what a nice fire you have in your fireplace!--------During the winter I like my house_______A . warmly and comfortably B. warm and comfortableC. warm and comfortablyD. warmly and comfortable （2005上海）4. 作状语:形容词作状语常用来表示主语的状态、性质、特征等；可位于句首或句末。
①The survivors lay on the beach, exhausted and shocked.②After the long journey, the three of them went back home,________.A . hungry and tiredly B. hungry and tiredC .hungrily and tiredly D. hungrily and tired (2008北京) （二）、形容词作定语的位置1.多个形容词作前置定语时的排序：限定描绘大长高，形状年龄与新老, 颜色国籍出材料，作用类别往后靠（综括性限定词（all both/all no/分数/倍数/百分数）+ 限定性形容词（指示代词/形容词性物主代词/名词所有格/冠词）+数词（序数词+基数词）①Both his parents他的父母亲②他在科学方面的全部贡献.③Eighty percent(of)the population 80%的人口④2/3的地球表面⑤some other countries一些其他国家Three other doctors其他的三个医生⑥另外两个新成员.⑦one such fountain一个这样的喷泉⑧第三张褐色圆木桌注意：若两个或两个以上的颜色形容词修饰同一个名词，须用and连接。
例如: a black and white dress 一条黑白相间的裙子a red, green and yellow flag 一面红，绿，黄三色相间的旗子。
2.后置定语(1)当形容词修饰something, anything, everything, something, somebody, nobody等不定代词时，形容词须后置。
①There is nothing important in today’s newspaper.②About three years ago, something terrible happened to me.(2) 以字母a开头的常作表语形容词（afraid, alone, awake, asleep, aware, alive, alike,ashamed, afloat,available等作定语时，一般后置。
这些形容词还可作表语和补语。
①He made full use of English reference books available and learned a lot.②a girl afraid of dogs = a girl who is afraid of dogsI found her afraid of dogs(3)形容词短语作定语时通常后置。
Heat is a form of energy different from light.Some fish can produce sounds almost twice as loud as your speaking voice.有些鱼发出的声音几乎是你说话声音的两倍。
3.有些形容词既可作前置定语，又可作后置定语，但意义不同。
eg: the present situation a responsible personthe people present at the meeting a person responsible for the workthe concerned parentsthe problems concerned二．副词高考分析：以往副词的考点是比较级和最高级，但近三年来考查的重点开始转向副词的句法作用，即副词不仅可以修饰动词、形容词等，还可以修饰整个句子。
（一）副词的句法作用：在句中主要作状语、表语、定语和宾语补足语。
1.作状语（1）副词作状语用来修饰动词、形容词、其他副词①They are so lazy. ②They could go anywhere they wished. ③He runs very fast.(2)副词用来修饰整个句子的三种情况①表逻辑连接关系（therefore, however, otherwise, furthermore…）Eg: Therefore, we have to come here again tomorrow.②表评述或说话人的态度（luckily, fortunately, strangely, importantly…）Eg:Importantly, we tried out best.③表方式（surprisingly, sadly, happily, astonishingly…）Eg：Surprisingly, he agreed straight away.改错：①Interesting, it had a connection with the British porcelain(瓷器)industry.(2013全国改)②My uncle says that he never dreams of becoming rich in a short period of time. Instead, he hopes that his business wil l grow steady…_________（2016全国改）2.作表语①I thought my life was over. ②Tomorrow we are off to another museum in America.3.作定①I hope you’ll enjoy your stay here.4.作宾语补足语①I am very happy to see you back.②Keep the light on if you feel afraid. （二）、副词的位置1. 英语里副词在句中的位置非常灵活。
一般而言，多数副词放在修饰词后面或句末；频度副词（often, never等）以及程度副词（almost, still, just, suddenly等）一般放在实义动词前、助动词或系动词后；疑问副词和句子副词一般放句首。
例如：The peasants there are busy digging a canal now./ He met his uncle on the way home./ She never gets up early on Sundays./I almost forgot about it./ How are you?Ex: Are friendly to you?A. the people thereB. the there peopleC. there the peopleD. there people拓展：1.有些连词也可以作副词，但作副词时，常放在句末，如：though, (ever) since, in case 等。
She promised to phone. I heard nothing, though.=He came to this school in 1988. He has been working here (ever) since.=I don’t think it will rain, but I will take m y umbrella, just in case.=2. enough即可作副词修饰形容词和副词或动词，须后置，又可作形容词修饰名词,前置后置皆可。
Eg:① I hadn’t trained enough for the game. ②You are old enough to go to school.③There was food enough/ enough food注意：cannot/ can never与enough/too 连用，意为“再……也不为过”Tr: ①You cannot be careful enough②I can’t thank you too much③Trees are good for man. We can’t plant them many.A. soB. suchC. tooD. enough④In a relay race, a player can’t run fast.A. soB. suchC. tooD. enough（三）两种形式的副词用法high wide dead deep closehighly widely deadly deeply closelydirect late hard just mostdirectly lately hardly justly mostly Ex:①I was so moved by his deeds that I couldn’t fall asleep into the night.（deep）④根据提示完成句子1. The hawk was flying in the sky. We spoke of him.(high/ highly)2.Don’t come too I resemble my father.(close/ closely)3.The train stopped She turned pale.(dead/ deadly)4.The village is of mud houses.She is the beautiful girl in the college.(most/ mostly)5.The desk was in the center of the room.(direct/ directly)The next flight doesn’t go to Rome; it goes by way of Paris.三、常用形容词和副词的词义辨析（1）near, nearby, close closely和nearly.①near 既可做形容词，表示时间、距离的“接近，逼近”，也可做介词表示“在……的附近”，还可做副词表示“在附近”。