刘邓大军论文：1947年刘邓大军强渡黄河研究【中文摘要】本文重点研究刘邓大军强渡黄河的支前工作,决策过程,以及如何体现刘伯承军事思想及其军事价值。

按照战争的规律和形势的发展,在解放战争中,中国共产党领导的人民解放军由保卫解放区的内线作战转为进攻国民党统治区的外线作战,是顺理成章的事情。

但是这种由守到攻的转变需要具备一定的条件,一般是在双方力量对比发生根本性转变之后,而且一般会采用渐进式推进的方式。

但1947年6月刘邓大军强渡黄河,开始转入外线作战的时机和方式却是打破常规的。

在粉碎了国民党军队对各解放区的全面进攻之后,中国共产党领导的陕北和山东解放区面临着来自于国民党重点进攻的巨大的压力。

中共中央在此时命令刘邓大军放弃在解放战争第一年内所体现出来的内线作战的巨大优势而外线出击的原因,一方面是为了牵制国民党对陕北、山东的重点进攻,另一方面是为了早日改变战争的整体局势。

因此刘邓大军强渡黄河并发动鲁西南战役是国共双方力量尚未转换时,在战略防御时期突然采取的以攻代守的战略进攻行为。

从效果来看,刘邓大军强渡黄河成功后,并在鲁西南消灭了国民党军队9.5个旅后,确实吸引了蒋介石到开封亲自督战,并从陕北、山东等其他战场相继调来7个整编师17个半旅进行驰援。

由此可见,4个纵队12万大军突然采取的这个战略行动对国民党的整体战略部署带来了多大的冲击。

而如此大规模的突然行动更是在周全、认真的准备工作和科学严谨的决策基础上才能够实施的。

所以,本文采取了与以往不同的研究刘邓大军强渡黄河的视角,不仅仅拘泥于分析这次战略行动对战局的影响及其深远的历史意义,而是围绕刘邓大军强渡黄河这个历史事件为中心,对其一些相关问题进行研究,例如,中央决策刘邓大军强渡黄河的具体过程,冀鲁豫解放区是如何支援刘邓大军过河的,刘邓大军强渡黄河的军事价值等。

【英文摘要】This paper focuses on the historical background and decision-making process of a historical event of the Battle in Liu Deng Army crossed the Yellow River, and some historical details, such as Jinjiluyu Liberated Area’s contribution to the preparations for the Army’s crossing. According to the law of war and the development of the situation, the people’s liberation army in the liberation war, defend the liberated areas by the exterior-line operations to attack the Kuomintang areas outside of combat, is normal that. Normally, this change requires certain conditions that the enemy’s power is weaker than their own,and Using a progressive approach.But in 1947 June, the timing and mode of the Battle in Liu Deng Army crossed the Yellow River is break the normal procedure. Crushed the Kuomintang army full-scale attack on the liberated areas, Shanbei Liberated Area and Shandong Liberated Area whichSuffered the key attack from the Kuomintang Army faced enormous pressure. The CPC Central Committee ordered Liu Deng Army to outside attack,in order to arrest the Kuomintang Army in the key attack to aid back, with the way of “Besiege Wei to Rescue Zhao”.Therefore, Liu Deng Army crossed the Yellow River concurrent moving the Luxinan Battle is not a strategic offensive action after the balance of power shift between KMT and CPC, but a behavior using attack instead defence in the strategic defensive stage. From the effects of perspective, Liu Deng Army successfully crossed the Yellow River, and destroyed 9.5 brigade of the Kuomintang Army in the Luxinan Battle, attracted Jiang Jieshi came to Kaifeng to supervise operations personally and assigned 7 divisions and 17.5 brigades in the key attack to aid the Kuomintang Army in the Luxinan Battle.We can see that 120,000 took the strategic actions suddenly had made a huge impact on The overall strategy deploy of the Kuomintang Army. Thus, To finish such a mass suddenly action needs to be comprehensive and serious preparations.So, this paper adopted with a different viewpoint of researching Liu Deng Army before, not only analysed the profound historical significance and the impact of the strategic actions on the war,and used a lot of energy research Liu Deng Army crossed the Yellow River this event’s history details. Such as, thedecision making process of The CPC Central Committee commandLiu Deng Army outside attack, how to support Liu Deng Armyacross the river in the Liberated Areas.【关键词】刘邓大军强渡黄河科学决策军事价值【英文关键词】LiuDeng Army Crosing the Yellow River Scientific decision makingMilitary value【目录】1947年刘邓大军强渡黄河研究摘要4-5Abstract5-6 1 绪论10-13 1.1 研究意义10-11 1.2 研究综述11 1.3 研究方法、创新和结构11-13 2刘邓大军强渡黄河的科学决策13-24 2.1 决策的历史背景14-18 2.1.1 国民党将全面进攻转为重点进攻14-17 2.1.2 重点进攻中的“黄河战略”17-18 2.2 决策过程18-21 2.2.1 外线出击决策的初期构想18-20 2.2.2 外线出击决策的正式确定20-21 2.3 决策特点21-24 2.3.1 科学把握形势发展21-22 2.3.2 果断决策,出其不意22-24 3 刘邓大军强渡黄河的支前工作24-31 3.1 晋冀鲁豫解放区具有良好的经济、群众基础24-26 3.1.1 晋冀鲁豫解放区的实力得到一定发展24-25 3.1.2 晋冀鲁豫解放区群众的支前热情高,经验丰富25-26 3.2 冀鲁豫解放区人民群众出色的支前工作26-31 3.2.1 准备渡河船只27-28 3.2.2 招募训练水手、水兵28-29 3.2.3 与敌人破坏行动的斗争29-30 3.2.4 整修军运大路30-31 4 刘邓大军强渡黄河概述31-40 4.1 黄河以北的战略性反攻31-32 4.1.1 豫北反攻31 4.1.2 晋南反攻31-32 4.2 黄河两岸军事力量对比32-34 4.2.1 国民党黄河防线守军32 4.2.2 晋冀鲁豫野战军以及军区武装32-34 4.3 强渡黄河的具体过程34-36 4.3.1 渡河的具体安排34 4.3.2 渡河的具体战术34-35 4.3.3 渡河的原则纪律35-36 4.4 强渡黄河后的鲁西南战役36-40 4.4.1 郓城、定陶、曹县战斗的胜利36-37 4.4.2 歼灭敌人援军王敬久集团的战斗37-40 5 刘邓大军强渡黄河体现的刘伯承军事思想40-47 5.1 重视政治工作和人员的政治素质40-42 5.1.1 对作战部队的政治工作40-41 5.1.2 对支前人员的政治教育41-42 5.2 主动、灵活的军事战略战术42-44 5.2.1 抓住主动权42 5.2.2 合理、有效的战术42-43 5.2.3 着眼大局,适时扩大战果43-44 5.3 战前调查,战后总结44-45 5.4 刘邓大军强渡黄河的军事价值45-47 5.4.1 对渡江战役的指导意义45-46 5.4.2 黄河渡口对解放战争的贡献46-47 6 结语47-49参考文献49-51附录51-53致谢53-54个人简历、在学期间发表的学术论文与研究成果54。