摘 要
换热器是化工生产过程中的重要设备，它能够实现介质之间热量交换。广泛应用于石油、化工、制药、食品、轻工、机械等领域。U型管式换热器是换热器的一种，它只有一个管板，结构简单，密封面少，且U形换热管可自由伸缩，不会产生温差应力，因此可用于高温高压的场合。一般高压、高温、有腐蚀介质走管程，这样可以减少高压空间，并能减少热量损失，节约材料，降低成本。
图4-6
接管位置
图4-7
偏心载荷简化图
图4-8
设备质心计算简化图
图4-9
支座
图4-10
耳式支座安装尺寸
图4-11
载荷近似计算简图
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表
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表
表2-1
钢板许用应力
表2-2
钢管许用应力
表2-3
锻件许用应力
表3-1
EHA椭圆形封头型式参数
表3-2
EHA椭圆形封头质量
表3-3
低铬钼钢弹性模量
表4-1
This design mainly based on GB150 "steel pressure vessels"and GB151 "shell and tube heat exchangers, " the main pressure parts of the equipment was designed and strength calculation, but also with HG/T20615 "steel pipe flange", JB / T 4712 "containers bearing" pressure vessels and other relevant standards, the design of other components, he finally completed the methanationⅡtype heat exchanger design.
甲烷化换热器，是合成氨生产中的重要设备之一,它能将27℃的H2N2混合气升温至274℃，同时将339℃的H2N2精制气降温至90℃。甲烷化换热器一般选用U型管换热器，它由一台Ⅰ型甲烷化换热器与一台Ⅱ型甲烷化换热器连接组成。其中Ⅰ型甲烷化换热器将27℃的H2N2混合气升温至150℃，同时将215℃的H2N2精制气降温至温至274℃，同时将339℃的H2N2精制气降温至215℃。
本次设计主要根据GB150《钢制压力容器》及GB151《管壳式换热器》对设备的主要受压元件进行了设计及强度计算，又结合HG/T20615《钢制管法兰》、JB/T 4712《容器支座》等其它压力容器相关标准，对其它各部件进行设计，最终完成了Ⅱ型甲烷化换热器的设计。
关键词：换热器；甲烷化换热器
Abstract
Heat exchanger is important in the process of chemical production equipment, which can be achieved between the heat exchange media. Widely used in petroleum, chemical, pharmaceutical, food, light industry, machinery and other fields. U-tube heat exchanger is a heat exchanger, it has only one tube plate, simple structure, less sealing surface, and the U-shaped tubes are free to stretch, no thermal stress, it can be used for high temperature and pressure of the occasion . General high-pressure, high temperature, corrosive media, take control process, thus reducing the pressure of space, and can reduce heat loss and saving materials and reduce costs.
Methanation heat exchanger, ammonia production is one of the important equipment, it will be 27℃of H2N2 mixture heated to 274℃, 339℃while the H2N2 refined gas cooled to 90℃. Methanation heat exchanger is generally used in U-tube heat exchanger, which consists of TypeⅠand typeⅡmethanation methanation Heat exchanger connected to form a methanation type. Heat exchanger typeⅠmethanation of H2N2 to 27℃heating the mixture to 150℃, 215℃while the H2N2 refined gas cooled to 90℃;Ⅱ-type heat exchanger can methanation 150℃, heating the mixture to the H2N2 274℃, 339℃while the H2N2 refined gas cooled to 215℃.
Keywords: Heat exchanger;Methanation heat exchanger
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名称
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图3-1
标准椭圆形封头
图3-2
换热管布管图
图3-3
换热管与管板的连接
图4-1
凹凸面法兰的密封面
图4-2
带颈对焊钢制管法兰
图4-3
钢制管法兰盖
图4-4
垫片尺寸
图4-5
分程隔板连接面